Analisis Perbandingan Daya Dukung dan Penurunan Pondasi Bored Pile Diameter 600 mm dengan Metode Empiris, Uji Beban Statis dan Metode Elemen Hingga pada Proyek Medan Focal Point
ABSTRAK
Setiap bangunan memerlukan pondasi sebagai dasar bangunan yang kuat dan
kokoh, karena pondasi sebagai dasar bangunan harus mampu memikul seluruh beban
bangunan dan beban lainnya untuk diteruskan sampai kelapisan tanah di bawahnya.
Kemampuan pondasi memikul beban tersebut disebut daya dukung pondasi.Besarnya
daya dukung dan penurunan pondasi dapat diketahui dengan analisis metode empiris,
pemodelan metode elemen hingga dan uji beban statis (loading test). Pondasi dalam
(deep foundation) secara umum memiliki permasalahan yang lebih rumit daripada
pondasi dangkal (shallow foundation). Karena adanya parameter-parameter tanah yang
sangat perlu diperhatikan dalam menganalisis besar daya dukung pondasi dalam.
Tesis ini menganalisis kapasitas daya dukung dan penurunan (settlement) pada
pondasi tiang bored pile diameter 600 mm secara tiang tunggal maupun kelompok
tiang, dengan metode empiris, program AllPile, program Plaxis, program SAP2000
dan membandingan hasilnya dengan interpretasi uji beban statis (loading test) pada
pondasi proyek Medan Focal Point. Analisis menggunakan data penyelidikan tanah
lapangan (soil investigation) dan laboratorium serta membandingkan terhadap model
tanah Mohr Coulomb.
Hasil analisis daya dukung ultimate pondasi bored pile dengan metode empiris
memberikan nilai terbesar yaitu dengan mempergunakan data N-SPT yaitu 697,83 ton
dengan metode Reese and Wright serta nilai terkecil 387,67 ton dengan metode Touma
and Reese, serta sebesar 26,60 ton untuk daya dukung lateral ultimate, 13,30 ton untuk
daya dukung lateral yang diizinkan. Dimana hasil daya dukung lateral ultimate dari
program SAP2000 adalah 25,20 ton. Hasil loading test diperoleh daya dukung ultimate
300,00 ton. Maka berdasarkan hasil daya dukung pondasi tersebut aman. Penurunan
yang terjadi hasil analisis pemodelan elemen hingga hingga dengan program Plaxis
adalah 5,462 mm, hasil program AllPile adalah 9,99 mm, dan hasil loading test di
lapangan penurunan pada beban terbesar yang terjadi sebesar 5,443 mm. Berdasarkan
ASTM D1143/81, penurunan yang diizinkan adalah sebesar 25,40 mm. Maka
berdasarkan penurunan bahwa tiang pondasi aman dalam konstruksi.
Kata Kunci: loading test, Metode Elemen Hingga, Bore Pile,
ABSTRACT
Every construction needs foundation as a strong construction basis because
foundation must be capable of carrying the whole building load and other loads for
planting into the ground under it. The capacity of foundation to carry the load is
called foundation supporting capacity. The amount of supporting capacity and
foundation settlement can be known by conducting empirical method, element
modeling, and loading test. Deep foundation generally has more complex problems
than shallow foundation. Therefore, the parameters of soil need to be heeded in
analyzing supporting capacity of deep foundation.
This Thesis analyzed supporting capacity and settlement in bored pile
foundation of 600 mm in diameter, using single of group piles, empirical method, All
Pile program, Plaxis program, and SAP2000 program, and compared the result with
the interpretation of loading test in the project foundation of Medan Focal Point. The
data were analyzed by conducting soil investigation and laboratory and compared
them with Mohr Coulomb soil model.
The result of the analysis on the ultimate supporting capacity of bored pile
foundation, using empirical method, showed that the highest value in N-SPT data was
697.83 tons by using Reese and Wright method and lowest value was 387.67 tons by
using Touma and Reese method, 26.60 tons for ultimate lateral supporting capacity,
13.30 tons for permitted lateral supporting capacity, in which the result of ultimate
lateral supporting capacity of SAP2000 was 25.20 tons. The result of loading test
showed that ultimate supporting capacity was 300 tons which indicated that the
supporting capacity of the foundation was safe. The settlement of the result of finite
element modeling analysis with Plaxis program was 5.462 tons, the result of All Pile
program was 9.99 mm, and the result of loading test in the field showed that the
biggest load settlement was 5.443 mm. Based on ASTM D1143/81, it was found that
the permitted settlement was 25.40 mm which indicated that bored pile foundation was
safe in construction.
Keywords: Loading Test, Finite Element Method, Bored Pile
Setiap bangunan memerlukan pondasi sebagai dasar bangunan yang kuat dan
kokoh, karena pondasi sebagai dasar bangunan harus mampu memikul seluruh beban
bangunan dan beban lainnya untuk diteruskan sampai kelapisan tanah di bawahnya.
Kemampuan pondasi memikul beban tersebut disebut daya dukung pondasi.Besarnya
daya dukung dan penurunan pondasi dapat diketahui dengan analisis metode empiris,
pemodelan metode elemen hingga dan uji beban statis (loading test). Pondasi dalam
(deep foundation) secara umum memiliki permasalahan yang lebih rumit daripada
pondasi dangkal (shallow foundation). Karena adanya parameter-parameter tanah yang
sangat perlu diperhatikan dalam menganalisis besar daya dukung pondasi dalam.
Tesis ini menganalisis kapasitas daya dukung dan penurunan (settlement) pada
pondasi tiang bored pile diameter 600 mm secara tiang tunggal maupun kelompok
tiang, dengan metode empiris, program AllPile, program Plaxis, program SAP2000
dan membandingan hasilnya dengan interpretasi uji beban statis (loading test) pada
pondasi proyek Medan Focal Point. Analisis menggunakan data penyelidikan tanah
lapangan (soil investigation) dan laboratorium serta membandingkan terhadap model
tanah Mohr Coulomb.
Hasil analisis daya dukung ultimate pondasi bored pile dengan metode empiris
memberikan nilai terbesar yaitu dengan mempergunakan data N-SPT yaitu 697,83 ton
dengan metode Reese and Wright serta nilai terkecil 387,67 ton dengan metode Touma
and Reese, serta sebesar 26,60 ton untuk daya dukung lateral ultimate, 13,30 ton untuk
daya dukung lateral yang diizinkan. Dimana hasil daya dukung lateral ultimate dari
program SAP2000 adalah 25,20 ton. Hasil loading test diperoleh daya dukung ultimate
300,00 ton. Maka berdasarkan hasil daya dukung pondasi tersebut aman. Penurunan
yang terjadi hasil analisis pemodelan elemen hingga hingga dengan program Plaxis
adalah 5,462 mm, hasil program AllPile adalah 9,99 mm, dan hasil loading test di
lapangan penurunan pada beban terbesar yang terjadi sebesar 5,443 mm. Berdasarkan
ASTM D1143/81, penurunan yang diizinkan adalah sebesar 25,40 mm. Maka
berdasarkan penurunan bahwa tiang pondasi aman dalam konstruksi.
Kata Kunci: loading test, Metode Elemen Hingga, Bore Pile,
ABSTRACT
Every construction needs foundation as a strong construction basis because
foundation must be capable of carrying the whole building load and other loads for
planting into the ground under it. The capacity of foundation to carry the load is
called foundation supporting capacity. The amount of supporting capacity and
foundation settlement can be known by conducting empirical method, element
modeling, and loading test. Deep foundation generally has more complex problems
than shallow foundation. Therefore, the parameters of soil need to be heeded in
analyzing supporting capacity of deep foundation.
This Thesis analyzed supporting capacity and settlement in bored pile
foundation of 600 mm in diameter, using single of group piles, empirical method, All
Pile program, Plaxis program, and SAP2000 program, and compared the result with
the interpretation of loading test in the project foundation of Medan Focal Point. The
data were analyzed by conducting soil investigation and laboratory and compared
them with Mohr Coulomb soil model.
The result of the analysis on the ultimate supporting capacity of bored pile
foundation, using empirical method, showed that the highest value in N-SPT data was
697.83 tons by using Reese and Wright method and lowest value was 387.67 tons by
using Touma and Reese method, 26.60 tons for ultimate lateral supporting capacity,
13.30 tons for permitted lateral supporting capacity, in which the result of ultimate
lateral supporting capacity of SAP2000 was 25.20 tons. The result of loading test
showed that ultimate supporting capacity was 300 tons which indicated that the
supporting capacity of the foundation was safe. The settlement of the result of finite
element modeling analysis with Plaxis program was 5.462 tons, the result of All Pile
program was 9.99 mm, and the result of loading test in the field showed that the
biggest load settlement was 5.443 mm. Based on ASTM D1143/81, it was found that
the permitted settlement was 25.40 mm which indicated that bored pile foundation was
safe in construction.
Keywords: Loading Test, Finite Element Method, Bored Pile