Rebellion Against Educational Institution In J. D Salinger’s Novel The Catcher In The Rye
REBELLION AGAINST EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN J. D
SALINGER’S NOVEL THE CATCHER IN THE RYE
A THESIS
BY :
DARATHIA BR BRAHMANA
REG. NO. 110705024
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, my praise and gratitude are directed to my creator Jesus Christ
who gives me strength and love everyday. I thank Him who always gives me health
and capability during the process of writing this thesis as my last assignment to finish
my study at the Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my first supervisor, Drs.
Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum and my second supervisor Drs. Mahmud A. Albar,
M.Hum for their supporting advices, constructive comments and encouragement
during the period of supervising and finishing this thesis. I also thank to the Dean of
Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A, the Chairman of English
Departement, Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S, and the secretary of English Departement,
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D, and all the lecturers for all the valuable
knowledge, guidance and facilities that they have given to finish my study in the
Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara.
My deepest gratitude is given to my beloved parents who always support me
and pray for my success. I contribute this thesis for both of you who make me proud
to be your daughter. All paths that are open for me in every aspect of my life are
made by your endless praying and hope. Thank you for both of your support and
love. Thank you for always giving me courage to keep on fighting until the end of
my journey in finishing my thesis. Thank to both my brother Abraham and Samuel
for being the most handsome and funny brothers that I ever had. Both of you are my
motivation to show the world that we can pursue our dream if we still believe it.
i
My special thanks are also due to my bestfriends Debora N. Ginting, Elsa
Gloria, Ernawati Damanik, Tantri Weri Sinaga, Sulastri Situmorang, Sonya
Priscillia, and Yupi Hanna Satrini. Thank you for being the best friend-sister alike
that always crazy and lovely at the same time. Thank you for your sincere favor that
you give every time I needed it. Thank you for your honest critique that can make me
learn to be a better person. Thank you for never stopping my craziness and letting me
becoming myself during our time together. And thank you for giving me the
experience of having a lot of noisy sister which I will never earn from my biological
parents.
Finally, i realizes that this paper is still far for being perfect. But, i hope this
thesis will be a valuable contribution to the readers. I warmly welcome and highly
appreciate the advices, constructive criticism and suggestion to develop this thesis.
Medan, 13rd June 2015
Darathia Br Brahmana
110705024
ii
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul Pemberontakan Terhadap Institusi Pendidikan dalam
Novel The Catcher in The Rye karya J.D Salinger. Skripsi ini meganalisis
pemberontakan terhadap sekolah dengan cara menguraikan jenis-jenis
pemberontakan yang dilakukan oleh karakter utama dan alasan-alasan yang
mendorong karakter utama untuk melakukan tindakan tersebut. Sekolah dari sudut
pandang karakter utama tidak lagi berfungsi sebagai sarana pendidikan bagi anak
atau remaja. Sekolah lebih menjadi sarana bagi para siswa untuk menunjukkan
kehebatan mereka. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya permasalahan di dalam sekolah
tersebut dimana banyak terjadi pengkasifikasian yang menempatkan setiap siswa
berdasarkan kehebatan dan keunggulan mereka. Guru tidak lagi berperan sebagai
tenaga pengajar dan membimbing siswanya untuk menjadi manusia yang bermoral.
Mereka bersifat pilih kasih dan memperlakukan siswanya secara tidak adil. Hal
tersebut mengakibatkan rusaknya moral para siswa dan mendorong karakter utama
untuk memberontak terhadap institusi pendidikan.
Skripsi ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dan penelitian
perpustakaan, sehingga penulis menggunakan beberapa sumber data yang didapatkan
dari perpustakaan dan internet dalam pengerjaan skripsi ini. Disamping itu, analisa
skripsi ini juga didukung dengan menggunakan kutipan-kutipan dari novel The
Catcher in The Rye.
iii
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled Rebellion Against Educational Institution in J.D.
Salinger’s The Catcher in The Rye. This thesis analyzes rebellion against school as
an educational institution from the kinds of rebellion which is done by main
character and the reason that affects him to do rebellion. School from the main
character’s view does not work as a medium to educate students. School has turned
the students to be hypocrite through the elitism standard that it implements upon
student. Classification among students is general. Teacher does no longer work as
medium to educate students. They treat students unfairly and fail to be a good role
model upon the students. This situation breaks the students’ morality and triggers the
main character to rebel against educational institution.
This thesis is using Qualitative Reasearch and Library Reasearch, so the
writer uses some data sources which are collected from library and internet. Besides,
the analysis of this thesis is also supported by using quotations from The Catcher in
The Rye.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. iv
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................................... v
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 1
1.1
Background of The Study .................................................................... 1
1.2
Problems of The Study ......................................................................... 3
1.3
Objective of The Study ........................................................................ 3
1.4
Scope of The Study .............................................................................. 4
1.5
Significance of The Study .................................................................... 4
1.6
Method of The Study ........................................................................... 4
1.7
1.6.1
Data and Data Source ............................................................... 4
1.6.2
Technique of Collecting Data .................................................. 5
Review of The Related Literature ........................................................ 6
Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ....................................... 7
2.1
2.2
General Concept of Novel as Literature............................................... 7
2.1.1
Intrinsic Elements of The Novel .............................................. 8
2.1.2
Extrinsic Elements of The Novel ............................................. 14
Marx Criticism ..................................................................................... 14
Chapter III METHOD OF RESEARCH .............................................................. 21
3.1
Data and Data Source ........................................................................... 21
3.2
Technique of Collecting Data .............................................................. 22
3.3
Method of Collecting Data ................................................................... 22
v
Chapter IV REBELLION AGAINST EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN J.D.
SALINGER’S NOVEL THE CATCHER IN THE RYE
.............................................................................................................. 24
4.1
Holden’s Rebellion Against School ..................................................... 24
4.2
Holden’s Dissatisfaction Toward School ............................................. 31
4.3
The Failure of School ........................................................................... 43
Chapter V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................................. 53
5.1
Conclusion ........................................................................................... 53
5.2
Suggestion ............................................................................................ 55
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 56
vi
SALINGER’S NOVEL THE CATCHER IN THE RYE
A THESIS
BY :
DARATHIA BR BRAHMANA
REG. NO. 110705024
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, my praise and gratitude are directed to my creator Jesus Christ
who gives me strength and love everyday. I thank Him who always gives me health
and capability during the process of writing this thesis as my last assignment to finish
my study at the Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my first supervisor, Drs.
Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum and my second supervisor Drs. Mahmud A. Albar,
M.Hum for their supporting advices, constructive comments and encouragement
during the period of supervising and finishing this thesis. I also thank to the Dean of
Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A, the Chairman of English
Departement, Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S, and the secretary of English Departement,
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D, and all the lecturers for all the valuable
knowledge, guidance and facilities that they have given to finish my study in the
Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara.
My deepest gratitude is given to my beloved parents who always support me
and pray for my success. I contribute this thesis for both of you who make me proud
to be your daughter. All paths that are open for me in every aspect of my life are
made by your endless praying and hope. Thank you for both of your support and
love. Thank you for always giving me courage to keep on fighting until the end of
my journey in finishing my thesis. Thank to both my brother Abraham and Samuel
for being the most handsome and funny brothers that I ever had. Both of you are my
motivation to show the world that we can pursue our dream if we still believe it.
i
My special thanks are also due to my bestfriends Debora N. Ginting, Elsa
Gloria, Ernawati Damanik, Tantri Weri Sinaga, Sulastri Situmorang, Sonya
Priscillia, and Yupi Hanna Satrini. Thank you for being the best friend-sister alike
that always crazy and lovely at the same time. Thank you for your sincere favor that
you give every time I needed it. Thank you for your honest critique that can make me
learn to be a better person. Thank you for never stopping my craziness and letting me
becoming myself during our time together. And thank you for giving me the
experience of having a lot of noisy sister which I will never earn from my biological
parents.
Finally, i realizes that this paper is still far for being perfect. But, i hope this
thesis will be a valuable contribution to the readers. I warmly welcome and highly
appreciate the advices, constructive criticism and suggestion to develop this thesis.
Medan, 13rd June 2015
Darathia Br Brahmana
110705024
ii
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul Pemberontakan Terhadap Institusi Pendidikan dalam
Novel The Catcher in The Rye karya J.D Salinger. Skripsi ini meganalisis
pemberontakan terhadap sekolah dengan cara menguraikan jenis-jenis
pemberontakan yang dilakukan oleh karakter utama dan alasan-alasan yang
mendorong karakter utama untuk melakukan tindakan tersebut. Sekolah dari sudut
pandang karakter utama tidak lagi berfungsi sebagai sarana pendidikan bagi anak
atau remaja. Sekolah lebih menjadi sarana bagi para siswa untuk menunjukkan
kehebatan mereka. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya permasalahan di dalam sekolah
tersebut dimana banyak terjadi pengkasifikasian yang menempatkan setiap siswa
berdasarkan kehebatan dan keunggulan mereka. Guru tidak lagi berperan sebagai
tenaga pengajar dan membimbing siswanya untuk menjadi manusia yang bermoral.
Mereka bersifat pilih kasih dan memperlakukan siswanya secara tidak adil. Hal
tersebut mengakibatkan rusaknya moral para siswa dan mendorong karakter utama
untuk memberontak terhadap institusi pendidikan.
Skripsi ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dan penelitian
perpustakaan, sehingga penulis menggunakan beberapa sumber data yang didapatkan
dari perpustakaan dan internet dalam pengerjaan skripsi ini. Disamping itu, analisa
skripsi ini juga didukung dengan menggunakan kutipan-kutipan dari novel The
Catcher in The Rye.
iii
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled Rebellion Against Educational Institution in J.D.
Salinger’s The Catcher in The Rye. This thesis analyzes rebellion against school as
an educational institution from the kinds of rebellion which is done by main
character and the reason that affects him to do rebellion. School from the main
character’s view does not work as a medium to educate students. School has turned
the students to be hypocrite through the elitism standard that it implements upon
student. Classification among students is general. Teacher does no longer work as
medium to educate students. They treat students unfairly and fail to be a good role
model upon the students. This situation breaks the students’ morality and triggers the
main character to rebel against educational institution.
This thesis is using Qualitative Reasearch and Library Reasearch, so the
writer uses some data sources which are collected from library and internet. Besides,
the analysis of this thesis is also supported by using quotations from The Catcher in
The Rye.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. iv
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................................... v
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 1
1.1
Background of The Study .................................................................... 1
1.2
Problems of The Study ......................................................................... 3
1.3
Objective of The Study ........................................................................ 3
1.4
Scope of The Study .............................................................................. 4
1.5
Significance of The Study .................................................................... 4
1.6
Method of The Study ........................................................................... 4
1.7
1.6.1
Data and Data Source ............................................................... 4
1.6.2
Technique of Collecting Data .................................................. 5
Review of The Related Literature ........................................................ 6
Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ....................................... 7
2.1
2.2
General Concept of Novel as Literature............................................... 7
2.1.1
Intrinsic Elements of The Novel .............................................. 8
2.1.2
Extrinsic Elements of The Novel ............................................. 14
Marx Criticism ..................................................................................... 14
Chapter III METHOD OF RESEARCH .............................................................. 21
3.1
Data and Data Source ........................................................................... 21
3.2
Technique of Collecting Data .............................................................. 22
3.3
Method of Collecting Data ................................................................... 22
v
Chapter IV REBELLION AGAINST EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN J.D.
SALINGER’S NOVEL THE CATCHER IN THE RYE
.............................................................................................................. 24
4.1
Holden’s Rebellion Against School ..................................................... 24
4.2
Holden’s Dissatisfaction Toward School ............................................. 31
4.3
The Failure of School ........................................................................... 43
Chapter V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................................. 53
5.1
Conclusion ........................................................................................... 53
5.2
Suggestion ............................................................................................ 55
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 56
vi