THE LEXICOGRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF PROCEDURAL TEXT IN SOME SELECTED WEB MAGAZINES A THESIS Submitted to the English Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh
THE LEXICOGRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF PROCEDURAL TEXT IN SOME SELECTED WEB MAGAZINES A THESIS Submitted to the English Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati State Institute for Islamic Studies in Partial fulfillment of the
Requirements of Islamic Scholar Degree in English Education Department NENG MILIK WULANSARI Reg. Num: 58430630 THE ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TARBIYAH FACULTY OF SYEKH NURJATI STATE INSTITUTE FOR ISLAMIC STUDIES CIREBON
2012
ABSTRACT
NENG MILIK WULANSARI: THE LEXICOGRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS
OF PROCEDURAL TEXT
Procedure text is one of the materials in lesson English. Usually, the teacher is only explaining generic structure like goal, material, and steps in a procedural text. So that, the students is just understood about generic structure and not understands about others features in procedural text. In fact according to Wignel and Gerot composition book, in procedure text there are generic structure and procedural text have also lexicogrammatical features. So, the writer interest in analyzing the lexicogrammatical analysis of procedural text in some selected web magazines.
Lexicogrammatical features of various genres are integral to those genres, for it is through the lexicogrammatical choice that meaning is built up in a text. In this case, analyzing lexicogrammatical feature especially is procedure text. According to Gerot and Wignel (1994:206), lexicogrammatical explaining more detail about temporal conjunction/linking words, generalized human agents, simple present tense/imperative, material process/action verb, factual description of participant, and information details in procedure text.
The writer was interest in analyzing the lexicogrammatical analysis of procedural text in some selected web magazines. In doing all, the writer analyzes the lexicogrammatical in procedural text by using qualitative research. The techniques of collecting data are by library research to found further in information and some theories related with subject matter from books, and browsing the websites from internet there are 10 procedure texts as object in this study.
After data has been analyzed, the writer has concluded that the most complete text and most complete perfect in 10 procedure texts is procedure text of making candles, because there are 11 out of 11 elements of genre. Meanwhile, the function does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’ play. They are; the lexicogrammatical features can be measure completely of procedural text, the lexicogrammatical features can compare writing of procedure text with other procedure text, comparing completely of procedure text with other procedure text, and difference and similarity of procedure text.
In conclusion, the writer found that the most complete text and most complete perfect of lexicogrammatical in procedural text on some selected web magazines is procedure text of making candles and there is function does lexicogrammatical in procedure text. The writer hopes this thesis can give contribution to increase the lexicogrammatical feature of procedure text for the teacher, the student and the next
PREFACE
The very first gratefulness is delivered to The Almighty, Allah SWT: The Greatest Creator and The Best Motivator to His everlasting and mercy keeping me tough during my writing; therefore, this thesis is finally completed. My invocation and safety always be given to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, to his family, his companions and up to us as his followers till the end of the world.
The thesis entitled “The Lexicogrammatical Analysis of Procedural Text In Some Selected Web Magazines
” is presented to fulfill one of the requirements to achieve Islamic Scholar in English Education Degree (S.Pd.I) at English Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati State Institute for Islamic Studies.
In composing this thesis, there are so many persons who have participated, helped and advised directly or indirectly. So, in this opportunity, the writer would like to convey sincerely profound thankfulness and gratitude to: 1.
Prof. Dr. H. Maksum Muktar, MA the Rector of Syekh Nurjati state Institute for Islamic Studies.
2. Dr. Hj. Huriyah Saleh, M.Pd, Chairwoman of English Education Department of Syekh Nurjati state Institute for Islamic Studies and as the first supervisor.
3. Sumadi, SS., M.Hum, Secretary of English Education Department of Syekh Nurjati state Institute for Islamic Studies.
5. Lala Bumela M, Pd, as the second supervisor.
All praise to Allah SWT for giving me the wonderful parents, H. Khaerudin and the deceased Hj. Inah. Thank you very much for everything, for always motivating me with your unique way, I really miss it. I also would like to thank to my new friend, Fitriya Elina who always together during guidance of thesis. And all of peoples including the writer’s friends who cannot be mention here.
The writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect and there are many mistakes either in arrangement or in the content. All of mistakes and errors found in it would become my responsibility. Finally, the writer hopes this thesis will be a valuable thing to the readers, especially for the writer herself and for English Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati state Institute for Islamic Studies.
Cirebon, September, 2012 The writer
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ iiAPPROVAL ....................................................................................................... iii
RATIFICATION ................................................................................................. iv
OFFICIAL NOTE .............................................................................................. vLETTER OF AUTHENTICITY ...................................................................... vi
AUTOBIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... vii
DEDICATED ...................................................................................................... viii
PREFACE ........................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ..................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. The Background of the Problem ..................................................... 1 B. The Identification of the Problem ................................................... 4 C. The Limitation of the Problem ....................................................... 5 D. The Questions of the Problem ........................................................ 5 E. The Aims of the Research ............................................................... 6 F. The Use of the Research ........................................................... ...... 6 CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FOUNDATION A. The Nature of Genre .................................................................. .... 8 B. Description of Procedure Text ................................................ ....... 9
1. The Meaning of Procedure Text ................................................. 10
2. Social Purpose of Procedure Text ............................................... 11
3. Structures of Procedure Text ...................................................... 11
4. Lexicogrammatical of Procedure Text ....................................... 13
5. Example of Lexicogrammatical on Some Selected Web Magazines ................................................................................... 14 C.
Elements of Genre .......................................................................... 16
1. Social Function ........................................................................... 16
2. Generic Structure ........................................................................ 16
3. Lexicogrammatical Features ....................................................... 17 D. Types of Genre ..................... .......................................................... 23
CHAPTER III THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. The Objective of the Research ........................................................ 30 B. The Methods of the Research ........................................................ 32 C. Type and Source of Data ............................................................... 32 D. The Place and Time of the Research .............................................. 33 E. Technique of Analysis Data ............................................................ 33
1. Steps of Collecting Data ............................................................. 33
2. Analysis the Data ........................................................................ 33
CHAPTER IV THE RESEARCH FINDING A. Data Analysis .................................................................................. 39
1. The Analysis of Lexicogrammatical Features of Procedural Text on Some Selected Web Magazines ..................................... 46
2. The Function Does the Lexicogrammatical in Selected Texts’ Play .................................................................................. 76
CHAPTER V THE CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ............................................................................. ......... 75 B. Suggestion ....................................................................................... 81
BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................. xiii
APPENDIX Table of Analysis of Lexicogrammatical in Procedural Text on Some Selected Web Magazines .................................................................................................... xv Table of Presentation of Subtitle on the Lexicogrammatical of Procedure Text on Some Selected Web Magazines .............................................................. IxCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. The Background of the Problem This study investigated “the lexicogrammatical analysis of procedural text in some selected web magazines”. Lexicogrammatical is one of kinds from genre. Genre is kinds of text. Parts of genre are social function, generic structure, and
lexicogrammatical features of text. According social function, genre they are narrative, descriptive, procedure, recount, and so on. In this thesis will be explained more about genre of procedural text.
Instructions belong to a group of text-types concerned with procedures, which tell us how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps. It is a very important genre in our society because it enables us to get things done, and it is equally common in the oral and written mode (Derewianka, 1990:27).
According to (Depdiknas, 2004:33) mention that procedure text tells how something is accomplished through a sequence of action or steps. It includes set of instruction how to do something works or directions to get to a certain place and rules through a set of actions or steps.
Besides, procedure text many found and is easy to searched. Like at bale from food product or other product, at newspaper, magazine, and more modern of sophisticated or can be found at internet or web.
From web or internet founded some procedure text like how to tie a neck tie, making ice cream without machine, how to iron a shirt, making apple juice, making meatballs, boiling egg in simple and easy way, making candles, making kite, how to insert SIM card cell phone, making potato omelet.
The most important of choosing procedural text as object of this thesis because usually when the teacher teach about procedural text in the process of teaching and learning, the teacher only explaining generic structure like goal, material, and steps in a procedural text. So, students just understand about generic structure and not understand about others features in procedural text. In fact according to Wignel and Gerot composition book, in procedure text there are generic structure (goal, material and steps), and procedural text have also lexicogrammatical features. Lexicogrammatical explaining more detail about temporal conjunction/linking words, generalized human agents, simple present and information details in procedural text. So, these matters draw to be analyzed in this thesis.
Lexicogrammar is called “syntax”, which is studied independently of semantics. In other theories of grammar, wordings are characterized such that they are able to explain meaning (Wignell and Gerot 1994:3).
According to Gerot and Wignell (1994:190), the nation’s genre and grammar are closely linked. In the materials being produced about genres and their teaching, at least those written by systemic linguist, characteristic lexicogrammatical features of genres are provided. These are neither incidental nor accidental, nor optional extras. Lexicogrammatical features of various genres are integral to those genres, for it is through the lexicogrammatical choice that meaning is built up in a text.
Lexeme which beforehand degrade lexicon and form adjective is lexical. In lexeme term linguistics study used in its two areas, that is morphology study and semantic study (Abdul Chaer, 2007:1). Semantically of lexeme can in the form of headword, conjunction, suffix affix, and also forms is called idiom. Lexicon which is have nomina status to have adjectival form which also have inveterate used that is lexical, in meaning have the character of lexicon, like there
According Sidney Greenbaum (1991:1), Grammar is the central component of language. It mediates between the system of sounds of written symbols, on the one hand, and the system of meaning, on the other. For descriptive purposes, it is convenient to deal with the components of language separately, but because of the central place of grammar in the language system, it is sometime necessary to refer to the other components when we discuss the grammar.
Dealing with description above, lexicogrammatical there are two words are lexicon and grammar. But, in this thesis will be explaining more about lexicogrammatical features of various genres, especially lexicogrammatical features in text procedures.
In addition, this thesis concluded that important lexicogrammatical to be studied specially at procedure text. Dealing with description above, this thesis interested in describe for some reason. Firstly, this thesis interested in analyzing lexicogrammatical constructed on procedural texts in some selected web magazines. Secondly, this thesis interested in analyzing function does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’ play.
B. The Identification of the Problem
The identification of the problem is needed to give clarification about the problem that will be investigated. The writer arranged the identification of the problem referred to the background of the problem above, they are: 1.
The Field of the Study The field of the research from this thesis is “grammar”.
2. The Research Approach
The research approach of this thesis is qualitative approach; that is to collect, to arrange, to present, to analyze, to conclude, to make decision, to interpret the data to be systematic, valid and reasonable, to control the situation, and to draw attention to process meaning patterns and structural features.
3. The Main Problem
The main problem that will be investigated in this research is analyzing the lexicogrammatical of procedural text in some selected web magazines.
C. The Limitation of the Problem
In analysis about the lexicogrammatical of procedural text in some selected web magazines, the description of the problem is limited into some
1. The analysis lexicogrammatical constructed on the procedural texts in some selected web magazines.
2. The analysis function does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’ play.
D. The Questions of Problem
There are some questions in analizing about lexicogrammatical of procedural texts on the selected web magazines, they are:
1. How is the lexicogrammar constructed on the procedural texts in some selected web magazines?
2. What function does the lexicogrammar in the selected texts’ play? E.
The Aims of Research
The aims of the research round up description about research destination that would like to reach from the research that will be done specifically. There are some aims of this thesis arrangement, they are: 1.
To find out the lexicogrammatical constructed on the procedural texts in some selected web magazines.
2. To find out the function does the lexicogrammatical in the selected texts’ play.
F. The Uses of Research
This thesis product is hoped to be able to increase the development of grammar education and language learning. Grammar development, it means knowledge development that determines whether a given string belongs to the language or is grammatically incorrect. Language learning, it means the development of language studies trough grammar, as semantic, phonology, syntax, and so on.
We are able to study semantic through grammar, we would lie to find out many types of meaning and lexeme in each word, phrase, clause, and sentence form of lexicogrammatical works. We would like to understand about how text works through explicitly help learners learn how to understand and produce text- spoken and written in various context for various purposes. In addition, the last we would like to develop grammar skill through understanding structure of sentences, phrases, clauses, words on the procedural texts.
BIBLOGRAPHY
Achyar Toyib, Mohd, Drs. 1997. The Principles of English Grammar. Majalengka.Bates, Nina. 2006.
Real Time “Student’s Book”. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Chaer, Abdul. 2007. Leksikologi & Leksikografi Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Derewianka, Beverly. 1990. Exploring How Text Work. Australia: Primary English Teaching Association.
Djuhari, Otong Setiawan. 2007. Genre Dilengkapi 700 Soal Uji Pemahaman.
Bandung: Yrama Widya. Frank, Marcella. 1972. Modern English a Practical Reference Guide. London: Prentice-Hall, INC.
Gerot, Linda and Peter Wignell. 1994. Making Sense of Function Grammar.
Australia: An Introductory Workbook. Greenbaum, Sydney. 1991. An Introduction to English Grammar. London: Longman. Hornby, A. S. 2000.
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. UK: Oxford University Press.
Murthy, J. D. 1998. Art of Sentence Making in English. New Delhi: Book Palace. Pardiyono. 2007.
Pasti Bisa “Teaching Genre Based Writing”. Yogyakarta: Andi Publisher.
Strumpf, Michael. The Complete Grammar. New Delhi: Goodwill Publishing House. Subhana, M and Sudrajat. 2001. Dasar-Dasar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.
(http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/7266/spanish-pepper-and-potato-omelette).