KEKERASAN NEGARA DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN PENEMBAK MISTERIUS KARYA SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA.

DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PERSEMBAHAN
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. i
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................. iv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah .............................................................................................. 8
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................................. 8
1.4 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................................. 8
1.5 Tinjauan Pustaka ................................................................................................... 9
1.6 Sumber Data ......................................................................................................... 11
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................ 12
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................... 14
2.1 Cerita Pendek (Cerpen) ......................................................................................... 14
2.2 Karya Sastra dan Kenyataan .................................................................................. 16
2.3 Sosiologi Sastra..................................................................................................... 18
2.3.1 Sosiologi Karya ................................................................................................ 22
2.4 Kekuasaan dan Kekerasan ..................................................................................... 24
2.4.1 Kekuasaan .......................................................................................................... 24

2.4.2 Kekerasan .......................................................................................................... 26
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2.4.2.1 Jenis-jenis Kekerasan ..................................................................................... 28
2.4.3 Hubungan Kekuasaan dan Kekerasan ................................................................. 29
2.4.3.1 Abdi Negara antara Kekuasaan dan Kekerasan ................................................ 31
2.4 Orde Baru (ORBA) ............................................................................................... 32
BAB III KEKERASAN NEGARA DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN PENEMBAK
MISTERIUS ......................................................................................................... 37
3.1 Sinopsis................................................................................................................. 37
3.2 Struktur Umum ..................................................................................................... 42
3.2.1 Tema ............................................................................................................... 42
3.2.2 Tokoh dan Penokohan ..................................................................................... 45
3.2.3 Latar................................................................................................................ 53
3.2.4 Alur ................................................................................................................ 59
3.3 Kekerasan Negara dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Penembak Misterius ........................ 65
3.3.1 Kekerasan Tersembunyi Negara dalam Cerpen “Keroncong Pembunuhan” dan
“Bunyi Hujan di Atas Genting” ....................................................................... 65
3.3.2 Kekerasan Aparat Negara dalam Cerpen “Grhhh!” .......................................... 73
3.3.3 Kekerasan Terbuka Negara dalam Cerpen “Becak Terakhir di Dunia (atawa

Rambo)” .......................................................................................................... 78
3.4 Dampak Kekerasan Negara terhadap Masyarakat pada Masa Orde Baru dalam
Kumpulan Cerpen Penembak Misterius.. ............................................................... 81
3.4.1 Masyarakat yang Mengalami Teror Psikologis ................................................ 81
3.4.2 Masyarakat Afirmatif ...................................................................................... 86
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BAB IV PENUTUP ................................................................................................... 91
1.1 Simpulan ............................................................................................................... 91
1.2 Saran ..................................................................................................................... 95
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
RIWAYAT HIDUP

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