Analisis Petrofisika Dalam Penentuan Zonasi Hidrokarbon dan Perhitungan Cadangan Hidrokarbon pada Lapisan Batupasir "BK", Lapangan DAWN, Cekungan Sumatra Tengah.
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... iv
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xvii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ......................................................................................... xviii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang .............................................................................. 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ...................................................................... 2
1.3 Maksud dan Tujuan ....................................................................... 3
1.4 Waktu dan Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................... 3
1.5 Kegunaan Penelitian ...................................................................... 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................... 5
2.1 Geologi Regional Cekungan Sumatra Tengah .............................. 5
2.1.1 Struktur Geologi Regional Cekungan Sumatra Tengah . 6
viii
ix
2.1.2 Stratigrafi Regional Cekungan Sumatra Tengah ............ 11
2.1.2.1 Fase Struktur F0 ................................... 12
2.1.2.2 Fase Struktur F1 ................................... 13
2.1.2.3 Fase Struktur F2 ................................... 15
2.1.2.4 Fase Struktur F3 ................................... 17
2.1.3 Petroleum System Cekungan Sumatra Tengah ............... 20
2.1.3.1 Batuan Induk ........................................ 21
2.1.3.2 Batuan Reservoar ................................. 21
2.1.3.3 Perangkap ............................................. 21
2.1.3.4 Batuan Tudung ..................................... 22
2.1.3.5 Migrasi ................................................. 22
2.2 Geologi Regional Lapangan DAWN ............................................ 22
2.3 Wireline Log (Well Log) ................................................................ 24
2.4 Kondisi Lubang Bor ...................................................................... 24
2.5 Jenis Log ....................................................................................... 26
2.5.1 Log Radioaktif ................................................................ 26
2.5.2 Log Listrik ...................................................................... 29
2.5.3 Log Akustik (Sonic Log) ................................................ 32
x
2.5.4 Log Kaliper ..................................................................... 33
2.6 Analisis Petrofisika ....................................................................... 34
2.6.1 Analisis Kualitatif ........................................................... 34
2.6.1.1 Penentuan Batuan Reservoar ............... 34
2.6.1.2 Penentuan Zona Hidrokarbon .............. 35
2.6.2 Analisis Kuantitatif ......................................................... 35
2.6.2.1 Penentuan Temperatur Formasi ........... 35
2.6.2.2 Volume Shale (Vsh) ............................. 36
2.6.2.3 Porositas (Φ) ........................................ 36
2.6.2.4 Resistivitas Air (Rw) ........................... 39
2.6.2.5 Saturasi Air (Sw) ................................. 40
2.6.2.6 Permeabilitas ........................................ 42
2.7 Perhitungan Cadangan Hidrokarbon ............................................. 43
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 44
3.1 Objek Penelitian ............................................................................ 44
3.2 Alat Penelitian ............................................................................... 45
3.3 Alur Kerja Penelitian ..................................................................... 45
xi
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................ 48
4.1 Analisis Data Batuan Inti (Core) ................................................... 49
4.2 Analisis Petrofisika ....................................................................... 55
4.2.1 Kontrol Kualitas (Quality Control/ QC) ......................... 57
4.2.2 Prekalkulasi .................................................................... 60
4.2.3 Koreksi Lingkungan Lubang Bor ................................... 62
4.2.4 Normalisasi Sinar Gamma .............................................. 63
4.2.5 Penentuan Lubang Buruk (Bad hole) ............................. 68
4.2.6 Pengeditan Log Densitas dan Log Neutron .................... 70
4.3 Kalkulasi Petrofisika ..................................................................... 76
4.3.1 Volume Shale (Vsh) ....................................................... 76
4.3.2 Porositas (Φ) ................................................................... 79
4.3.2.1 Porositas Total (PHIT) ......................... 80
4.3.2.2 Porositas Efektif (PHIE) ...................... 82
4.3.3 Saturasi Air (Sw) ............................................................ 85
4.3.4 Permeabilitas .................................................................. 92
4.4 Perbandingan Hasil Data Core dengan Kalkulasi Petrofisika ....... 95
4.5 Penentuan Reservoar Potensial Sebagai Zona Perforasi Baru ...... 97
xii
4.6 Perhitungan Cadangan Hidrokarbon ............................................. 100
4.6.1 Perhitungan Kandungan Cadangan
Hidrokarbon Awal .......................................................... 109
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................... 111
5.1 Simpulan ........................................................................................ 111
5.2 Saran .............................................................................................. 113
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 115
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... iv
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xvii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ......................................................................................... xviii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang .............................................................................. 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ...................................................................... 2
1.3 Maksud dan Tujuan ....................................................................... 3
1.4 Waktu dan Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................... 3
1.5 Kegunaan Penelitian ...................................................................... 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................... 5
2.1 Geologi Regional Cekungan Sumatra Tengah .............................. 5
2.1.1 Struktur Geologi Regional Cekungan Sumatra Tengah . 6
viii
ix
2.1.2 Stratigrafi Regional Cekungan Sumatra Tengah ............ 11
2.1.2.1 Fase Struktur F0 ................................... 12
2.1.2.2 Fase Struktur F1 ................................... 13
2.1.2.3 Fase Struktur F2 ................................... 15
2.1.2.4 Fase Struktur F3 ................................... 17
2.1.3 Petroleum System Cekungan Sumatra Tengah ............... 20
2.1.3.1 Batuan Induk ........................................ 21
2.1.3.2 Batuan Reservoar ................................. 21
2.1.3.3 Perangkap ............................................. 21
2.1.3.4 Batuan Tudung ..................................... 22
2.1.3.5 Migrasi ................................................. 22
2.2 Geologi Regional Lapangan DAWN ............................................ 22
2.3 Wireline Log (Well Log) ................................................................ 24
2.4 Kondisi Lubang Bor ...................................................................... 24
2.5 Jenis Log ....................................................................................... 26
2.5.1 Log Radioaktif ................................................................ 26
2.5.2 Log Listrik ...................................................................... 29
2.5.3 Log Akustik (Sonic Log) ................................................ 32
x
2.5.4 Log Kaliper ..................................................................... 33
2.6 Analisis Petrofisika ....................................................................... 34
2.6.1 Analisis Kualitatif ........................................................... 34
2.6.1.1 Penentuan Batuan Reservoar ............... 34
2.6.1.2 Penentuan Zona Hidrokarbon .............. 35
2.6.2 Analisis Kuantitatif ......................................................... 35
2.6.2.1 Penentuan Temperatur Formasi ........... 35
2.6.2.2 Volume Shale (Vsh) ............................. 36
2.6.2.3 Porositas (Φ) ........................................ 36
2.6.2.4 Resistivitas Air (Rw) ........................... 39
2.6.2.5 Saturasi Air (Sw) ................................. 40
2.6.2.6 Permeabilitas ........................................ 42
2.7 Perhitungan Cadangan Hidrokarbon ............................................. 43
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 44
3.1 Objek Penelitian ............................................................................ 44
3.2 Alat Penelitian ............................................................................... 45
3.3 Alur Kerja Penelitian ..................................................................... 45
xi
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................ 48
4.1 Analisis Data Batuan Inti (Core) ................................................... 49
4.2 Analisis Petrofisika ....................................................................... 55
4.2.1 Kontrol Kualitas (Quality Control/ QC) ......................... 57
4.2.2 Prekalkulasi .................................................................... 60
4.2.3 Koreksi Lingkungan Lubang Bor ................................... 62
4.2.4 Normalisasi Sinar Gamma .............................................. 63
4.2.5 Penentuan Lubang Buruk (Bad hole) ............................. 68
4.2.6 Pengeditan Log Densitas dan Log Neutron .................... 70
4.3 Kalkulasi Petrofisika ..................................................................... 76
4.3.1 Volume Shale (Vsh) ....................................................... 76
4.3.2 Porositas (Φ) ................................................................... 79
4.3.2.1 Porositas Total (PHIT) ......................... 80
4.3.2.2 Porositas Efektif (PHIE) ...................... 82
4.3.3 Saturasi Air (Sw) ............................................................ 85
4.3.4 Permeabilitas .................................................................. 92
4.4 Perbandingan Hasil Data Core dengan Kalkulasi Petrofisika ....... 95
4.5 Penentuan Reservoar Potensial Sebagai Zona Perforasi Baru ...... 97
xii
4.6 Perhitungan Cadangan Hidrokarbon ............................................. 100
4.6.1 Perhitungan Kandungan Cadangan
Hidrokarbon Awal .......................................................... 109
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................... 111
5.1 Simpulan ........................................................................................ 111
5.2 Saran .............................................................................................. 113
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 115