DESKRIPSI KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI GAYA BELAJAR SISWA SMAN 3 PURWOKERTO
DESKRIPSI KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI GAYA BELAJAR SISWA SMAN 3 PURWOKERTO SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Syarat Mencapai Derajat Sarjana Strata Satu (S-1)
Oleh: ii
iii ivABSTRACT
This research aimed to describe mathematics problem solving skill of students class XI-Natural Science who have visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning style. It was a descriptive qualitative research. The sample were obtained by purposive sampling tehcnique. The subjects of this research were divided into three groups which were students with visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning style. The instruments which were used collect the data were learning style questionnaire, test of problem solving skill on derivative, interview guidance, and documentation. The data validation was done by triangulation test technique. The outcome of the research shows: (1) students with visual learning style are able to understand the problem but not able to make the plan of solution, implement the plan of solution And recheck the answers obtained, (2) students with auditory learning style are able to understand the problem and make the plan of solution but not able to implement it and recheck the answers obtained, (3) students with kinesthetic learning style are able to understand the problem and make the plan of solution but not able to implement it and not able to recheck the answers obtained.
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ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas XI-IPA yang memiliki gaya belajar visual, auditori dan kinestetik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian terbagi kedalam 3 (tiga) kelompok, yaitu siswa dengan gaya belajar visual, auditori dan kinestetik. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah angket gaya belajar, tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah materi turunan, pedoman wawancara dan dokumentasi. Uji Validasi data dilakukan dengan cara uji triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Siswa dengan gaya belajar visual mampu memahami masalah tetapi belum mampu dalam membuat rencana penyelesaian, melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian dan memeriksa kembali jawaban yang diperoleh, (2) Siswa dengan gaya belajar auditori mampu memahami masalah dan membuat rencana penyelesaiannya tetapi belum mampu dalam melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian dan memeriksa kembali jawaban yang diperoleh, dan (3) Siswa dengan gaya belajar kinestetik mampu memahami masalah dan membuat rencana penyelesaiannya tetapi belum mampu melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian dan tidak mampu memeriksa kembali jawaban yang diperoleh.
Kata Kunci : Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah, Gaya Belajar
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MOTTO
Karena sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan, sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan (Q.S. Al Insyiroh ayat 5-6) Dan sebaik-baiknya manusia adalah yang bermanfaat bagi manusia yang lain (H.R. Tabrani) vii
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN Karya ini saya persembahkan untuk......................
Ibu saya tercinta yang senantiasa mendoakan keberhasilanku Ayah saya tercinta yang tak pernah lelah membanting tulang untuk membiayai kuliah saya Adik saya tercinta yang selalu memberikan dukungannya Kalian adalah motivasi terbesar dalam hidup saya Semoga saya dapat selalu membuat kalian bangga
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Puji syukur kehadirat Alloh SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan karuniaNya sehingga peneliti dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul “Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar Siswa SMAN 3 Purwokerto
”. Skripsi ini disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan di Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. Pada kesempatan ini, perkenankanlah peneliti untuk mengucapkan terimakasih yang setulus-tulusnya kepada:
1. Dr. H. Syamsuhadi Irsyad, S.H., M.H. Rektor Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
2. Drs. Pudiyono, M.Hum Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
3. Eka Setyaningsih, M.Si. Kepala Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika yang senantiasa memberikan motivasi dan arahan pada mahasiswa dalam proses penyusunan skripsi ini
4. Chumaedi Sugihandardji, M.Si. Dosen Pembimbing yang senantiasa memberikan bimbingan dan motivasi pada peneliti dalam proses penyusunan skripsi ini
5. Bapak dan Ibu Dosen Pendidikan Matematika yang senantiasa memberikan motivasi dalam proses penyusunan skripsi ini
6. Drs. Warmanto, M.Pd. Kepala SMAN 3 Purwokerto yang telah memberikan ijin dan keleluasaan selama proses penelitian
7. Elya Tati Subarkah, S.Pd. Guru Matematika di kelas X-MIA5 yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan selama proses penelitian
8. Semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyelesaian penyusunan skripsi ini dan tidak dapat peneliti sebutkan satu per satu
ix Peneliti menyadari bahwa dalam penyusunan skripsi ini masih terdapat banyak kekurangan. Peneliti berharap skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pembaca dan perkembangan ilmu pendidikan.
Purwokerto, Peneliti
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Muka .................................................................................................. i Halaman Persetujuan ......................................................................................ii Halaman Pengesahan ......................................................................................iii Surat Pernyataan ............................................................................................ iv Abstrak .............................................................................................................. v Halaman Motto ..............................................................................................vii Halaman Persembahan .................................................................................viii Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................... ix Daftar Isi .......................................................................................................... xi Daftar Tabel ...................................................................................................xiii Daftar Gambar .............................................................................................. xiv Daftar Lampiran ........................................................................................... xix
BAB I Pendahuluan A. Latar Belakang Masalah ........................................................................ 1 B. Fokus Penelitian .................................................................................... 4 C. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................. 4 D. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................ 4 BAB II Kajian Pustaka A. Deskripsi Konseptual ........................................................................... 5 B. Penelitian Relevan ............................................................................. 14 C. Kerangka Pikir ................................................................................... 15 BAB III Metode Penelitian A. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ............................................................ 18 B. Jenis Penelitian ................................................................................... 18 C. Prosedure Penelitian ........................................................................... 18 D. Subjek Penelitian ............................................................................... 19 E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data
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1. Tes ................................................................................................ 19
2. Angket .......................................................................................... 20
3. Wawancara ...................................................................................20
4. Dokumentasi ................................................................................ 21
F. Teknik Analisis Data .......................................................................... 21
G. Uji Validitas Data .............................................................................. 23
BAB IV Hasil Penelitian dan Pembahasan A. Deskripsi data
1. Hasil Angket Gaya Belajar .......................................................... 24
2. Hasil Tes Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah ............................... 27
3. Uji Validitas Data ....................................................................... 110
4. Hasil Akhir.................................................................................. 113
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ........................................................... 119
C. Temuan-temuan ............................................................................... 120
BAB V Simpulan dan Saran A. Simpulan .......................................................................................... 122 B. Saran ................................................................................................ 123 Daftar Pustaka .............................................................................................. 124 Lampiran ...................................................................................................... 126
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Tahapan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah ....................................... 9Tabel 3.1 Tahapan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah ..................................... 19Tabel 3.2 Distribusi Pernyataan Angket Gaya Belajar .................................... 20Tabel 4.1 Pengelompokan Peserta Didik berdasarkan Gaya Belajarnya ......... 25Tabel 4.2 Uji Triangulasi Kelompok Gaya Belajar Visual ............................ 110Tabel 4.3 Uji Triangulasi Kelompok Gaya Belajar Auditori ......................... 112Tabel 4.4 Uji Triangulasi Kelompok Gaya Belajar Kinestetik ...................... 114Tabel 4.5 Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah MatematikaKelompok Gaya Belajar Visual ..................................................... 116
Tabel 4.6 Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah MatematikaKelompok Gaya Belajar Auditori .................................................. 117
Tabel 4.7 Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah MatematikaKelompok Gaya Belajar Kinestetik ............................................... 118
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Hasil Jawaban Nomor 1Gambar 4.15 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 39Gambar 4.26 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 47Gambar 4.25 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 46Gambar 4.24 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 46Gambar 4.23 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 45Gambar 4.22 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 44Gambar 4.21 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 44Gambar 4.20 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 43Gambar 4.19 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 42Gambar 4.18 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 41Gambar 4.17 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 40Gambar 4.16 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 39Gambar 4.14 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 38Gambar 4.1 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 27Gambar 4.13 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 37Gambar 4.12 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 36Gambar 4.11 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 35Gambar 4.10 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 34Gambar 4.9 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 34Gambar 4.8 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 33Gambar 4.7 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 32Gambar 4.6 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 32Gambar 4.5 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 31Gambar 4.4 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 30Gambar 4.3 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 29Gambar 4.2 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 28
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Gambar 4.27 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 48Gambar 4.42 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 56Gambar 4.54 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 63Gambar 4.53 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 62Gambar 4.52 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 61Gambar 4.51 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 61Gambar 4.50 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 60Gambar 4.49 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 60Gambar 4.48 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 59Gambar 4.47 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 59Gambar 4.46 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 58Gambar 4.45 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 58Gambar 4.44 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 57Gambar 4.43 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 57Gambar 4.41 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 56Hasil Jawaban Nomor 2
Gambar 4.40 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 55Gambar 4.39 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ...............................................................55Gambar 4.38 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 54Gambar 4.37 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 54Gambar 4.36 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 53Gambar 4.35 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 53Gambar 4.34 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 52Gambar 4.33 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 52Gambar 4.32 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 51Gambar 4.31 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 50Gambar 4.30 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 50Gambar 4.29 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 49Gambar 4.28 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 49
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Hasil Jawaban Nomor 3
Gambar 4.69 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 71Gambar 4.82 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 80Gambar 4.81 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 80Gambar 4.80 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 79Gambar 4.79 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 78Gambar 4.78 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 78Gambar 4.77 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ...............................................................77Gambar 4.76 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 76Gambar 4.75 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 76Gambar 4.74 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 75Gambar 4.73 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 74Gambar 4.72 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 74Gambar 4.71 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 73Gambar 4.70 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 72Hasil Jawaban Nomor 4
Gambar 4.55 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 63Gambar 4.68 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 71Gambar 4.67 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 70Gambar 4.66 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 69Gambar 4.65 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 69Gambar 4.64 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 68Gambar 4.63 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 68Gambar 4.62 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 67Gambar 4.61 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 67Gambar 4.60 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 66Gambar 4.59 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 66Gambar 4.58 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ...............................................................65Gambar 4.57 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 64Gambar 4.56 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 64
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Gambar 4.83 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 81Gambar 4.84 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 81Gambar 4.85 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 82Gambar 4.86 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................... 83Gambar 4.87 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 83Gambar 4.88 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 84Gambar 4.89 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................... 85Gambar 4.90 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 85Gambar 4.91 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................... 86Gambar 4.92 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 86Gambar 4.93 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 87Gambar 4.94 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................... 88Hasil Jawaban Nomor 5
Gambar 4.95 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 89Gambar 4.96 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 90Gambar 4.97 Hasil Jawaban R-V1 ............................................................... 91Gambar 4.98 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 91Gambar 4.99 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 92Gambar 4.100 Hasil Jawaban R-V2 ............................................................... 93 Gambar 4.101 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 94 Gambar 4.102 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 95 Gambar 4.103 Hasil Jawaban R-V3 ............................................................... 96 Gambar 4.104 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 96 Gambar 4.105 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 97 Gambar 4.106 Hasil Jawaban R-A1 ............................................................... 98 Gambar 4.107 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 98 Gambar 4.108 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................... 99 Gambar 4.109 Hasil Jawaban R-A2 ............................................................. 100 Gambar 4.110 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................. 101 Gambar 4.111 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................. 102
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Gambar 4.112 Hasil Jawaban R-A3 ............................................................. 103 Gambar 4.113 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................. 103 Gambar 4.114 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................. 104 Gambar 4.115 Hasil Jawaban R-K1 ............................................................. 105 Gambar 4.116 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................. 105 Gambar 4.117 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................. 106 Gambar 4.118 Hasil Jawaban R-K2 ............................................................. 107 Gambar 4.119 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................. 107 Gambar 4.120 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................. 108 Gambar 4.121 Hasil Jawaban R-K3 ............................................................. 109
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