Hubungan Fungsi Kognitif Berdasarkan Informant Questionnaire On Cognitive Decline In The Elderly Dengan Kadar Estradiol Serum Pada Tenaga Medis Usia Menopause di RSUP H. Adam Malik
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
Goodman NF, et al. American Association of Clinical
Endocrinnologists Medical Guidelines For Clinical Practice For The
Diagnosis And Treatment of Menopause. Endocr Pract.
2011;17(Suppl 6).
2.
Fischl F. Hormone replacement therapy through the ages New
cognition and therapy concepts. Krause & Pachernegg GmbH.
3.
Milsom I. Menopause-related symptoms and their treatment.
European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2012.
4.
Greendale G.A, et al. Menopause-associated Symptoms and
Cognitive Performance: Results From the Study of Women’s Health
Across the Nation. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:1214–1224.
5.
O’Reagan C, et al. Mental Health And Cognitive Function. The Irish
Longitudinal Study on Aging, 2012.
6.
Henderson V. W. Cognitive Changes After Menopause: Influence of
Estrogen. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2008 September ; 51(3): 618–626.
7.
Victorian Department of Health. The Assessment of Older People with
dementia and depression of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
Backgrounds: A review of current practice and the development of
guidelines for Victorian Aged Care Assessment Services. undertaken
by the National Ageing Research Institute, 2011.
8.
Jorm A. The informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly
(IQCODE): a review. International Psychogeriatrics (2004), 16:3, 1–19
C _ 2004 International Psychogeriatric Association.
9.
Sutanto L, Sutanto D.B. Menopause wanita dan gizi. FKUI, Jakarta.
2005.
10. Shimp LA, Smith MA. 20 Common Problems in Women,s Health Care
International Edition 2000.Singapore : McGraw – Hill Book & Co.
2000.
11. Kaunitz AM. Oral contraceptive use in menopause. American Journal
Obstetry & Gynecology 2001; 185: S32-7.
12. Klein NA, Soules MR. Endocrine changes of the menopause. Clinical
Obstetry & Gynecology 2004;41:912-20.
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
13. Nochtigall LE. The symptoms of perimenopause. Clinical Obstetry &
Gynecology 1998;41:921-27.
14. Zollner YF, Acquadro C, Schaefer M. Literature review of instruments
to assess health-related quality of life during and after menopause.
Quality of Life Research. 2005;14:309–27.
15. Heinemann LAJ, Dominh T, Strelow F, Gerbsh S, Schnitker J,
Schneider HPG. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) as outcome
measure for hormone treatment? A validation study. Health Quality of
Life Outcomes 2004;2:67.
16. Finkel T, Holbrook NJ. Oxidants, oxidative stres and the biology of
ageing. Nature Journal Medicine. 2000:408.
17. Aebi H (1984).”Catalase in vitro”. Methodology. Enzymology. .
Methods in Enzymology 105:121-126.
18. Castanho VS, Nakamura RT, Pinto-Neto AM, De Faria EC. Post
menopausal Therapy Reduces Catalase Activity and Attenuates Risk.
Original article. Arab Brasil Cardiology. 2012; vol.99 (5):1008-1014.
19. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster JC, Hauth JC. Robbins and
Cotran Pathologic Basic of Desease.Eight edition.Cellular adaptation,
Cell injury and Cell Death, 1 : 16 -18.
20. Soewondo P. Menopause, andropause dan somatopause perubahan
hormonal pada proses menua. Dalam : Sudoyo AW, Setiohadi B, Alwi
I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S, Editor. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam.
Edisi V. Jakarta : Pusat Penerbitan Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas
Kedokteran Indonesia; 2009. 2078-82.
21. Jung MH and Kim HY. Effects of estogen on cognition and dementia.
Journal of women’s medicine 2010.
22. Braverman et al. cognitive decline of aging: important
neuroendocrinological predictors of early cognitive decline in a clinical
setting. PATH Medical New York 2013.
23. Connections. Cognition & memory: how hormones influence our
minds. Connections 2014.
24. Shughrue PJ, Lane MV, Merchenthaler I. Comparative distribution of
estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta mRNA in the rat central nervous
system. J Comp Neurol 1997;388:507-25.
25. Shughrue PJ, Merchenthaler I. Evidence for novel estrogen binding
sites in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 2000;99: 605-12.
65
Universitas Sumatera Utara
26. Kugaya A, Epperson CN, Zoghbi S, et al. Increase in prefrontal cortex
serotonin 2A receptors following estrogen treatment in
postmenopausal women. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160:1522-4.
27. Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Pugh KR, et al. Effect of estrogen on brain
activation patterns in postmenopausal women during working memory
tasks. JAMA 1999;281: 1197-202.
28. Cowley, S.M., Hoare, S., Mosselman, S., Parker, M.G., 1997.
Estrogen receptors alpha and beta form heterodimers on DNA. J. Biol.
Chem. 272, 19858–19862.
29. Daniel JM, et al. Long-term consequences of estrogens administered
in midlife on female cognitive aging. Hormone and behavior 74 (2015)
77-85.
30. Gaub, M.P., Bellard, M., Scheuer, I., Chambon, P., Sassone-Corsi, P.,
1990. Activation of the ovalbumin gene by the estrogen receptor
involves the fos-jun complex. Cell 63, 1267–1276.
31. Barrett LF, TugadeMM,EngleRW (2004) Individual differences in
working memory capacity and dual-process theories of the mind.
Psychol Bull 130:553–573.
32. Cai JX, Arnsten AF (1997) Dose-dependent effects of the dopamine
D1 receptor agonists A77636 or SKF81297 on spatial working
memory in aged monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 283:183–189.
33. Xiao L, Becker JB (1994) Quantitative microdialysis determination of
extracellular striatal dopamine concentration in male and female rats:
effects of estrous cycle and gonadectomy. Neurosci Lett 180:155–
158.
34. Pasqualini C, Olivier V, Guibert B, Frain O, Leviel V (1995) Acute
stimulatory effect of estradiol on striatal dopamine synthesis. J
Neurochem 65:1651–1657.
35. Becker JB (1990) Estrogen rapidly potentiates amphetamine-induced
striatal dopamine release and rotational behavior during microdialysis.
Neurosci Lett 118:169 –171.
36. Rannevik, G., Jeppsson, S., Johnell, O., Bjerre, B., Laurell-Borulf, Y.,
Svanberg, L., 2008. A longitudinal study of the perimenopausal
transition: altered profiles of steroid and pituitary hormones, SHBG
and bone mineral density. Maturitas 61, 67–77.
37. Sherwin, B.B., 2009. Estrogen therapy: is time of initiation critical for
neuroprotection? Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 5, 620–627.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
38. Chlebowski, R.T., Hendrix, S.L., Langer, R.D., Stefanick, M.L., Gass,
M., Lane, D., Rodabough, R.J., Gilligan, M.A., Cyr, M.G., Thomson,
C.A., Khandekar, J., Petrovitch, H., McTiernan, A., 2003. Influence of
estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in
healthy postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative
randomized trial. JAMA 289, 3243–3253.
39. Craig, M.C., Maki, P.M., Murphy, D.G., 2005. The Women's Health
Initiative Memory Study: findings and implications for treatment.
Lancet Neurol. 4, 190–194.
40. Luine V.N. Estradiol and cognitive function: Past, present and future.
Hormones and Behavior 66 (2014) 602–618.
41. Daniel JM, et al. Long-term consequences of estrogens administered
in midlife on female cognitive aging. Hormone and behavior 74 (2015)
77-85.
42. Boulware, M.I., Kent, B.A., Frick, K.M., 2012. The impact of agerelated ovarian hormone loss on cognitive and neural function. Curr.
Top. Behav. Neurosci. 10, 165–184. Bov.
43. Luine, V.N., 2014. Estradiol and cognitive function: past, present and
future. Horm. Behav. 66, 602–618.
44. Bimonte-Nelson, H.A., Acosta, J.I., Talboom, J.S., 2010.
Neuroscientists as cartographers: mapping the crossroads of gonadal
hormones,memory and age using animalmodels. Molecules 15, 6050–
6105.
45. Ditkoff EC, Crary WG, Cristo M, Lobo RA 1991 Estrogen im proves
psychological function in asymptomatic postmenopausal women.
Obstet Gynecol 78:991–995.
46. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. 1985 Sex steroids and affect in the surgical
menopause:
a
double-blind,
cross-over
study.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 10:325–335.
47. Sherwin BB 1988. Affective changes with estrogen and androgen
replacement therapy in surgically menopausal women. J Affect Disord
14:177–187.
48. Sherwin BB 1991. The impact of different doses of estrogen and
progestin on mood and sexual behavior in postmenopausal women. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab 72:336–343.
49. Sherwin B. Estrogen and cognitive functioning in women. Endocrine
Reviews 24(2):133–151 2003.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
50. Preciados M et al. Estrogenic endocine disrupting chemicals inflencing
NRF1 regulated gene networks in the development of complex human
brain disease. International jouranl of molecular sciences 2016.
51. Egan, K.R.; Gleason, C.E. Longer duration of hormonal contraceptive
use predicts better cognitive outcomes later in life. J. Women’s Health
2012, 21, 1259–1266.
52. Griksiene, R.; Ruksenas, O. Effects of hormonal contraceptives on
mental rotation and verbal fluency. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011,
36, 1239–1248.
53. Warren, A.M.; Gurvich, C.; Worsley, R.; Kulkarni, J. A systematic
review of the impact of oral contraceptives on cognition. Contraception
2014, 90, 111–116.
54. Brinton, R.D., 2005. Investigative models for determining hormone
therapy-induced outcomes in brain: evidence in support of a healthy
cell bias of estrogen action. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1052, 57–74.
55. Suzuki, S., Brown, C.M., Dela Cruz, C.D., Yang, E., Bridwell,
D.A.,Wise, P.M., 2007. Timing of estrogen therapy after ovariectomy
dictates the efficacy of its neuroprotective and antiinflammatory
actions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104, 6013–6018.
56. Maki, P.M., 2013. Critical window hypothesis of hormone therapy and
cognition: a scientific update on clinical studies. Menopause 20, 695–
709.
57. Henderson V. Cognitive symptoms and disorders in the midlife
woman. The female patient 2011.
58. Hogervorst E, De Jager C, Budge M, Smith AD. Serum levels of
estradiol and testosterone and performance in different cognitive
domains
in
healthy
elderly
men
and
women.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2004;29:405-21.
59. Maki PM, Resnick SM. Longitudinal effects of estrogen replacement
therapy on PET cerebral blood flow and cognition. Neurobiol Aging
2000;21:373-83.
60. Phillips SM, Sherwin BB. Effects of estrogen on memory function in
surgically
menopausal
women.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
1992;17:485-95.
61. Bagger, Y.Z., Tanko, L.B., Alexandersen, P., Qin, G., Christiansen, C.,
2005. Early postmenopausal hormone therapy may prevent cognitive
impairment later in life. Menopause 12, 12–17.
68
Universitas Sumatera Utara
62. Duka T, Tasker R, McGowan JF 2000 The effects of 3-week estrogen
hormone replacement on cognition in elderly healthy females.
Psychopharmacology 149:129–139.
63. Ryan J et al. impact of a premature menopause on cognitive function
in later life. Royal college of obstetricians and gynaecologists 2014.
64. Siregar MF et al. The differences of catalase enzyme level between
menopause and reproductive women. Giorn. It. Ost. Gin. Vol. XXXVII n. 6.
65. Rocca WA, Bower JH, Maraganore DM, Ahlskog JE, Grossardt BR,
de Andrade M, et al. Increased risk of cognitive impairment or
dementia in women who underwent oophorectomy before
menopause. Neurology 2007;69:1074–83.
66. Whalley L, et al. Age at natural menopause and cognition. Elsevier
2004.
67. Greendale G. Perimenopause and cognition. Obstet Gynecol Clin
North Am. 2011 September ; 38(3): 519–535.
68. Gordon, RM, 2011. Definitions of MMPI/MMPI-2 scales: Scales of
Validity
and
Bias. The Institute advanced & Psychological
Training.Available
at:http://www.mmpi-info.com/mmpith
2/mmpidict1.html.Cited on May 25 , 2011 at 11.00 PM.
69. Victorian Department of Health. The Assessment of Older People with
dementia and depression of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
Backgrounds: A review of current practice and the development of
guidelines for Victorian Aged Care Assessment Services. undertaken
by the National Ageing Research Institute, 2011.
70. Jorm A. The informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly
(IQCODE): a review. International Psychogeriatrics (2004), 16:3, 1–19
C _ 2004 International Psychogeriatric Association.
71. Lee KL, Shahar S, Rajab NF. Serum folate concentration, cognitive
impairment, and DNA damage among elderly individuals in Malaysia.
Nutrition Research 29 (2009) 327–334.
72. Dahlan MS. Besar sampel. Jakarta: Salemba Medika, 2009
73. Fallahzadeh H. Quality of life after the menopause in Iran. Quality of
Life Research 2010;19:813-819.
74. Iswayuni N. Pemberian Ekstrak Plasenta Meningkatkan Kadar
Estradiol dan FSH Serta Mengurangi Gejala Menopause. 2011.
69
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Available from: http://www.pps.unud.ac.id/thesis/pdf_thesis/unud-2341769780408-babii.pdf. diakses tanggal 20 Februari 2017
70
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1.
Goodman NF, et al. American Association of Clinical
Endocrinnologists Medical Guidelines For Clinical Practice For The
Diagnosis And Treatment of Menopause. Endocr Pract.
2011;17(Suppl 6).
2.
Fischl F. Hormone replacement therapy through the ages New
cognition and therapy concepts. Krause & Pachernegg GmbH.
3.
Milsom I. Menopause-related symptoms and their treatment.
European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2012.
4.
Greendale G.A, et al. Menopause-associated Symptoms and
Cognitive Performance: Results From the Study of Women’s Health
Across the Nation. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:1214–1224.
5.
O’Reagan C, et al. Mental Health And Cognitive Function. The Irish
Longitudinal Study on Aging, 2012.
6.
Henderson V. W. Cognitive Changes After Menopause: Influence of
Estrogen. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2008 September ; 51(3): 618–626.
7.
Victorian Department of Health. The Assessment of Older People with
dementia and depression of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
Backgrounds: A review of current practice and the development of
guidelines for Victorian Aged Care Assessment Services. undertaken
by the National Ageing Research Institute, 2011.
8.
Jorm A. The informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly
(IQCODE): a review. International Psychogeriatrics (2004), 16:3, 1–19
C _ 2004 International Psychogeriatric Association.
9.
Sutanto L, Sutanto D.B. Menopause wanita dan gizi. FKUI, Jakarta.
2005.
10. Shimp LA, Smith MA. 20 Common Problems in Women,s Health Care
International Edition 2000.Singapore : McGraw – Hill Book & Co.
2000.
11. Kaunitz AM. Oral contraceptive use in menopause. American Journal
Obstetry & Gynecology 2001; 185: S32-7.
12. Klein NA, Soules MR. Endocrine changes of the menopause. Clinical
Obstetry & Gynecology 2004;41:912-20.
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
13. Nochtigall LE. The symptoms of perimenopause. Clinical Obstetry &
Gynecology 1998;41:921-27.
14. Zollner YF, Acquadro C, Schaefer M. Literature review of instruments
to assess health-related quality of life during and after menopause.
Quality of Life Research. 2005;14:309–27.
15. Heinemann LAJ, Dominh T, Strelow F, Gerbsh S, Schnitker J,
Schneider HPG. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) as outcome
measure for hormone treatment? A validation study. Health Quality of
Life Outcomes 2004;2:67.
16. Finkel T, Holbrook NJ. Oxidants, oxidative stres and the biology of
ageing. Nature Journal Medicine. 2000:408.
17. Aebi H (1984).”Catalase in vitro”. Methodology. Enzymology. .
Methods in Enzymology 105:121-126.
18. Castanho VS, Nakamura RT, Pinto-Neto AM, De Faria EC. Post
menopausal Therapy Reduces Catalase Activity and Attenuates Risk.
Original article. Arab Brasil Cardiology. 2012; vol.99 (5):1008-1014.
19. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster JC, Hauth JC. Robbins and
Cotran Pathologic Basic of Desease.Eight edition.Cellular adaptation,
Cell injury and Cell Death, 1 : 16 -18.
20. Soewondo P. Menopause, andropause dan somatopause perubahan
hormonal pada proses menua. Dalam : Sudoyo AW, Setiohadi B, Alwi
I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S, Editor. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam.
Edisi V. Jakarta : Pusat Penerbitan Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas
Kedokteran Indonesia; 2009. 2078-82.
21. Jung MH and Kim HY. Effects of estogen on cognition and dementia.
Journal of women’s medicine 2010.
22. Braverman et al. cognitive decline of aging: important
neuroendocrinological predictors of early cognitive decline in a clinical
setting. PATH Medical New York 2013.
23. Connections. Cognition & memory: how hormones influence our
minds. Connections 2014.
24. Shughrue PJ, Lane MV, Merchenthaler I. Comparative distribution of
estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta mRNA in the rat central nervous
system. J Comp Neurol 1997;388:507-25.
25. Shughrue PJ, Merchenthaler I. Evidence for novel estrogen binding
sites in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 2000;99: 605-12.
65
Universitas Sumatera Utara
26. Kugaya A, Epperson CN, Zoghbi S, et al. Increase in prefrontal cortex
serotonin 2A receptors following estrogen treatment in
postmenopausal women. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160:1522-4.
27. Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Pugh KR, et al. Effect of estrogen on brain
activation patterns in postmenopausal women during working memory
tasks. JAMA 1999;281: 1197-202.
28. Cowley, S.M., Hoare, S., Mosselman, S., Parker, M.G., 1997.
Estrogen receptors alpha and beta form heterodimers on DNA. J. Biol.
Chem. 272, 19858–19862.
29. Daniel JM, et al. Long-term consequences of estrogens administered
in midlife on female cognitive aging. Hormone and behavior 74 (2015)
77-85.
30. Gaub, M.P., Bellard, M., Scheuer, I., Chambon, P., Sassone-Corsi, P.,
1990. Activation of the ovalbumin gene by the estrogen receptor
involves the fos-jun complex. Cell 63, 1267–1276.
31. Barrett LF, TugadeMM,EngleRW (2004) Individual differences in
working memory capacity and dual-process theories of the mind.
Psychol Bull 130:553–573.
32. Cai JX, Arnsten AF (1997) Dose-dependent effects of the dopamine
D1 receptor agonists A77636 or SKF81297 on spatial working
memory in aged monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 283:183–189.
33. Xiao L, Becker JB (1994) Quantitative microdialysis determination of
extracellular striatal dopamine concentration in male and female rats:
effects of estrous cycle and gonadectomy. Neurosci Lett 180:155–
158.
34. Pasqualini C, Olivier V, Guibert B, Frain O, Leviel V (1995) Acute
stimulatory effect of estradiol on striatal dopamine synthesis. J
Neurochem 65:1651–1657.
35. Becker JB (1990) Estrogen rapidly potentiates amphetamine-induced
striatal dopamine release and rotational behavior during microdialysis.
Neurosci Lett 118:169 –171.
36. Rannevik, G., Jeppsson, S., Johnell, O., Bjerre, B., Laurell-Borulf, Y.,
Svanberg, L., 2008. A longitudinal study of the perimenopausal
transition: altered profiles of steroid and pituitary hormones, SHBG
and bone mineral density. Maturitas 61, 67–77.
37. Sherwin, B.B., 2009. Estrogen therapy: is time of initiation critical for
neuroprotection? Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 5, 620–627.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
38. Chlebowski, R.T., Hendrix, S.L., Langer, R.D., Stefanick, M.L., Gass,
M., Lane, D., Rodabough, R.J., Gilligan, M.A., Cyr, M.G., Thomson,
C.A., Khandekar, J., Petrovitch, H., McTiernan, A., 2003. Influence of
estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in
healthy postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative
randomized trial. JAMA 289, 3243–3253.
39. Craig, M.C., Maki, P.M., Murphy, D.G., 2005. The Women's Health
Initiative Memory Study: findings and implications for treatment.
Lancet Neurol. 4, 190–194.
40. Luine V.N. Estradiol and cognitive function: Past, present and future.
Hormones and Behavior 66 (2014) 602–618.
41. Daniel JM, et al. Long-term consequences of estrogens administered
in midlife on female cognitive aging. Hormone and behavior 74 (2015)
77-85.
42. Boulware, M.I., Kent, B.A., Frick, K.M., 2012. The impact of agerelated ovarian hormone loss on cognitive and neural function. Curr.
Top. Behav. Neurosci. 10, 165–184. Bov.
43. Luine, V.N., 2014. Estradiol and cognitive function: past, present and
future. Horm. Behav. 66, 602–618.
44. Bimonte-Nelson, H.A., Acosta, J.I., Talboom, J.S., 2010.
Neuroscientists as cartographers: mapping the crossroads of gonadal
hormones,memory and age using animalmodels. Molecules 15, 6050–
6105.
45. Ditkoff EC, Crary WG, Cristo M, Lobo RA 1991 Estrogen im proves
psychological function in asymptomatic postmenopausal women.
Obstet Gynecol 78:991–995.
46. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. 1985 Sex steroids and affect in the surgical
menopause:
a
double-blind,
cross-over
study.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 10:325–335.
47. Sherwin BB 1988. Affective changes with estrogen and androgen
replacement therapy in surgically menopausal women. J Affect Disord
14:177–187.
48. Sherwin BB 1991. The impact of different doses of estrogen and
progestin on mood and sexual behavior in postmenopausal women. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab 72:336–343.
49. Sherwin B. Estrogen and cognitive functioning in women. Endocrine
Reviews 24(2):133–151 2003.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
50. Preciados M et al. Estrogenic endocine disrupting chemicals inflencing
NRF1 regulated gene networks in the development of complex human
brain disease. International jouranl of molecular sciences 2016.
51. Egan, K.R.; Gleason, C.E. Longer duration of hormonal contraceptive
use predicts better cognitive outcomes later in life. J. Women’s Health
2012, 21, 1259–1266.
52. Griksiene, R.; Ruksenas, O. Effects of hormonal contraceptives on
mental rotation and verbal fluency. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011,
36, 1239–1248.
53. Warren, A.M.; Gurvich, C.; Worsley, R.; Kulkarni, J. A systematic
review of the impact of oral contraceptives on cognition. Contraception
2014, 90, 111–116.
54. Brinton, R.D., 2005. Investigative models for determining hormone
therapy-induced outcomes in brain: evidence in support of a healthy
cell bias of estrogen action. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1052, 57–74.
55. Suzuki, S., Brown, C.M., Dela Cruz, C.D., Yang, E., Bridwell,
D.A.,Wise, P.M., 2007. Timing of estrogen therapy after ovariectomy
dictates the efficacy of its neuroprotective and antiinflammatory
actions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104, 6013–6018.
56. Maki, P.M., 2013. Critical window hypothesis of hormone therapy and
cognition: a scientific update on clinical studies. Menopause 20, 695–
709.
57. Henderson V. Cognitive symptoms and disorders in the midlife
woman. The female patient 2011.
58. Hogervorst E, De Jager C, Budge M, Smith AD. Serum levels of
estradiol and testosterone and performance in different cognitive
domains
in
healthy
elderly
men
and
women.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2004;29:405-21.
59. Maki PM, Resnick SM. Longitudinal effects of estrogen replacement
therapy on PET cerebral blood flow and cognition. Neurobiol Aging
2000;21:373-83.
60. Phillips SM, Sherwin BB. Effects of estrogen on memory function in
surgically
menopausal
women.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
1992;17:485-95.
61. Bagger, Y.Z., Tanko, L.B., Alexandersen, P., Qin, G., Christiansen, C.,
2005. Early postmenopausal hormone therapy may prevent cognitive
impairment later in life. Menopause 12, 12–17.
68
Universitas Sumatera Utara
62. Duka T, Tasker R, McGowan JF 2000 The effects of 3-week estrogen
hormone replacement on cognition in elderly healthy females.
Psychopharmacology 149:129–139.
63. Ryan J et al. impact of a premature menopause on cognitive function
in later life. Royal college of obstetricians and gynaecologists 2014.
64. Siregar MF et al. The differences of catalase enzyme level between
menopause and reproductive women. Giorn. It. Ost. Gin. Vol. XXXVII n. 6.
65. Rocca WA, Bower JH, Maraganore DM, Ahlskog JE, Grossardt BR,
de Andrade M, et al. Increased risk of cognitive impairment or
dementia in women who underwent oophorectomy before
menopause. Neurology 2007;69:1074–83.
66. Whalley L, et al. Age at natural menopause and cognition. Elsevier
2004.
67. Greendale G. Perimenopause and cognition. Obstet Gynecol Clin
North Am. 2011 September ; 38(3): 519–535.
68. Gordon, RM, 2011. Definitions of MMPI/MMPI-2 scales: Scales of
Validity
and
Bias. The Institute advanced & Psychological
Training.Available
at:http://www.mmpi-info.com/mmpith
2/mmpidict1.html.Cited on May 25 , 2011 at 11.00 PM.
69. Victorian Department of Health. The Assessment of Older People with
dementia and depression of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
Backgrounds: A review of current practice and the development of
guidelines for Victorian Aged Care Assessment Services. undertaken
by the National Ageing Research Institute, 2011.
70. Jorm A. The informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly
(IQCODE): a review. International Psychogeriatrics (2004), 16:3, 1–19
C _ 2004 International Psychogeriatric Association.
71. Lee KL, Shahar S, Rajab NF. Serum folate concentration, cognitive
impairment, and DNA damage among elderly individuals in Malaysia.
Nutrition Research 29 (2009) 327–334.
72. Dahlan MS. Besar sampel. Jakarta: Salemba Medika, 2009
73. Fallahzadeh H. Quality of life after the menopause in Iran. Quality of
Life Research 2010;19:813-819.
74. Iswayuni N. Pemberian Ekstrak Plasenta Meningkatkan Kadar
Estradiol dan FSH Serta Mengurangi Gejala Menopause. 2011.
69
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Available from: http://www.pps.unud.ac.id/thesis/pdf_thesis/unud-2341769780408-babii.pdf. diakses tanggal 20 Februari 2017
70
Universitas Sumatera Utara