APPENDIX I THE BTOGRAPHY OF BERNARD SHAW

APPENDIXES

45

APPENDIX I
THE BTOGRAPHYOF BERNARD SHAW

GeorgeBemmd Shawwas bom in Dublin on July 26,1g56.He was the
thrd child and oniy son.The Shawswereprotestantsin a Catholiccounrry,so the
boy beganlife as an outsider.His father,Georgecarr shaw, was an impecunious
civil servant,a failure in business,and an alcoholic. Shaw's mother, Lucinda
ElizabethGurly, a cultivatedyoung womanwith a beautifliI mezzosopranovoice.
His mother was a singerwho took part in amateurperformances.Through her
interest,Shawacquireda culturein music,drama.andpainting.
His formal educationwas limited. He srudiedLatin grammarpnvately
from an urcle later sentto wesleyancomexional Scholl,laterknown as wesley
College,in Dublin.
Then, Shaw was employedfor five years in the office of a Dublin land
agent,at a salary'which rangedfrom the equivalentofabout $ 90 to $ 240 a yem.
This work was irksometo one of his temperament,
and in 1876,at the ageof 20,

he threw it up and f-ledto Londonto take up a literary career.Therehejoined his
mother,who had left her husbandand was eamingher own living in that ciqr as a
prolessional
musicteacher.
Beginningthreeyearsafter his arrival in London, Shawmadean effort to
becomea novelist.The fust of his novelswasIntntaturilv-.

In 1 8 8 4Shawjoined the FabianSocietyof ModerateSocialist,foundedin
that year. He becamean ardent pamphleteerand a lecturer for the causeof
socialism.
Shaw's popularity as an active dramatist began in New york and in
Germanyin the middle nineties,severalactivities.In the next year he wrote lre
Philanderer,a commentaryon Ibsenismandthe "new woman".
His first play was Widower's Houses (1892), an attack on slum
landlordism,a directoutgrowthof his socialistactivities.In the nextyearhe wrote
Mrs. Warren'sProfessionat the suggestionof Mrs. SidneyWebb in 1894,but
censorshippreventedits performance.
ln associationwith Harley Granville-Berker,N{r. ShawproducedMan and
Sttpermanin London in 1905. With his position in the theater thoroughly
established,Shaw also beganturning out new plays. John Bull's other Island,a

satireon the land problemin lrelandbeforeautonomy,was a greatsuccess.Then
come,Huu He Lied to her Httsband,Malor Barbara, and CaptainBrassbound's
Conversion.The following plays followed'.T'heDoctor's Dilemma (.1906),The
Showing Up of Blanco Posnel (1907) bannedby the censor,(ietting married
(1908),I'ress Cultings(1909),TheDark Lady oJ'TheSonnets(1910),F-anny's
h'irstPlay'(1911),Ovemrled(1912),Pygmalion(1912),Androclesand fhe Lion
(1913),HeatbreakHouse(1974),Back to Methusoleh(1921), and Saint.loan
(1921\.
ln 1925,Shawreceivedthe Nobel Pricefor Literature,andturnedthe prize
moneyoverto the Anglo-SwedishLiterary alliance.

A1

Shaw took care of his health. He took regular warks and was a "sun
worshipper."He was also vegetarian,and an abstainerall his life from liquor and
tobacco,which he oftenmadethe subjectof attackin his plays andotherwritings.
In September1950,Shaw'sF'ar-Iretched
l,ablesproveda failure in its
presentation.
A fall in his gardenon September10, 1950,when Shawwas ninety-four,

resultedin a brokenthigh which in turn led to complicationsresultingin his death
on November 2, 1950. His will decreed that he was not to be buried rn
WestminsterAbbey.

48

APPENDIX 2
SYNOPSISOF THE PLAY

Henry Higgins is an eccentricprofessor of phonetics.He
hems Eriza
Doolittle,who is a cockneyflower girl, speakwith an atrocious
accent.He makes
noteson her speech,Liza andthe bystanderstaking him to be a policeman.
In the
crowd is Colonelpickering,retired lndia officer, an authorityon

Indian dialects,

who has come to London especiallyto meet professorHiggus.

Higgins gives
Eliza a handfulof moneyto stopher whining,and sheleavesin the

unaccustomed

splendorof a taxi. However,shehas heard Higgrnssay that in three
monthshe
could passher off as a duchess,so the next morning she taris to
his houseon
wimpole Street in order to take voice lessons.pickering bets Higgins
all the
expensesof Liza's training that he cannot do it. Higgins flatters,
cajoles,and
threatensher by tums, and finally wins her acceptanceof the plan.
Alfred
Doolittle, her father, a rascally dustman,calls to see what has
becomeof his
daughter,but Higginsbuyshim offwith five pounds.
After a penod of rigoroustraining, Liza is sent off to Higgins, mother,s
home in chelsea. when she arrives Mrs. Elnsford Hill, her son, Freddy,

and
daughter,clara, are calling. Liza, beautifullygownedand speakingwith pedantic
correctness,
sticks to her two topics,the weatherand people'shealth.she gives
Freddya studiedaccountofthe former,andhis mothera vivid report ofher aunt,s
"doing rl." The Eynsford Hill is enchantedwith what they believe
to be a new
kind of small talk. Finally, Higgins presentsLtza at the ambassador's
ball and

49

wins his bet fiom Pickering.The two men discussher so coldly and
scientificaily
tltatLrza is rousedto fluy. Shethrows Higgrns' slippersin his face and
demands
to know what he plans to do with her now. She then takes refuge
with Mrs.
Hrggins,who beratesher sonfor his lack of consideration.
Hen he showsup at his

mother'shouseand asksher to returnhomewith him, they quarrel little
a
but the
audiencegets the impressionthat he will never let her go, eventthough
they do
not marr]'.
Finally, Liza andHiggins wilt not marry. Liza marriesFreddy,and with
colonel Pickering'scontin.ed financial supportthey finally becomeestablished
in the florist andgreengrocer
business.

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