Analysis Of Metaphor In Psalm Section 1 To 119 Of Bible
ANALYSIS OF METAPHOR IN PSALM SECTION 1 TO 119 OF
BIBLE
A PAPER
WRITEN
BY:
DESI R. SARI KABAN
REG.NO. 122202014
ENGLISH DIPLOMA III STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2015
AUTHOR'S DECLARATION
I am, DESI RATNA SARI KABAN, declare that I am the sole author of
this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper
contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a
paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree. No other person's
work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper.
This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary
education.
Signed : …………..
Date : July, 27th 2015
i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
:
DESI RATNA SARI KABAN
Title of Paper
:
ANALYSIS OF METAPHORIN IN PSALM
SECTION 1 TO 119 OF BIBLE
Qualification
:
D-III/ AhliMadya
Study Program
:
English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion
of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Letters
USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law
of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed : …………….
Date :July, 27th 2015
ii
ABSTRACT
This paper is entitled Analysis of Metaphors in Psalm section 1 to 119 of Bible
discusses about existing metaphor in Psalm and analyze the meaning of the
metaphor. The writer only studies metaphor in Psalm of David. In writing of this
paper, writer conduct method research of bibliography for the study of
bibliography to collect information and data by using some books and internet that
related to problem of analyzes metaphor. Writer collect metaphor data found on
verses in Psalm of David, List the verses which use the Metaphor, Mark and select
the metaphor in Psalm of David, interpreting metaphor in the form of table, and
the last analyze it to be taken the conclusion of most dominant metaphor. The
metaphor of this paper related to two objects to be compared directly. In Psalm of
David, writer found 63 metaphors that contain of metaphor about God, God
people, and Enemy of God people. And the metaphor about God is the most
dominant metaphor in Psalm of David.
iii
ABSTRAK
Kertaskarya yang berjudul Analysis of Metaphors in Psalm section 1 to 119 of
Bible ini membahas metafora yang ada dalam kitab mazmur dan menganalisa
maknametafora tersebut. Penulis hanya membahas metafora yang ada pada
Mazmur Daud.Dalam penulisan kertas kary aini, penulis melakukan metode
penelitian kepustakaanuntuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dengan
menggunakan beberapa buku dan internetyang berkaitan dengan masalah untuk
menganalisis metafora. Penulis mengumpulkan data metafora yang terdapat pada
ayat-ayat di Mazmur Daud, mengurutkan ayat-ayat yang menggunakan metafora,
menyeleksi metafora dalam ayat-ayat Mazmur Daud, menginterpretasikan
metafora dalam bentuk tabel, dan terakhir menganalisisnya untuk diambil
kesimpulan metafora yang paling dominan. Metafora pada kertaskarya ini
mengacu pada dua ha lyang akan dibandingkan secaralangsung. Dalam Mazmur
Daud, penulis menemukan 63 metafora yang berisi tentang Tuhan, umat Tuhan,
dan Musuh umat Tuhan. Dan dalam Mazmur Daud metafora
tentang
Tuhan
merupakan metafora yang paling dominan.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
In the name of Jesus Christ, Amen.
All praise is to God, first of all, I would like to thank to Jesus Christ, the
Almighty God for His blessing and leading me, who gives me health, time, love,
and strength from I begin my study in English Diploma Study Program, Faculty of
Culture Study, University of North Sumatera. so that I could finish my study to
fulfill one
of requirements for the degree of AhliMadya from the English
Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Then, I would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of
Sumatera Utara, Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A and all the staffs for their help during
the period of study in this faculty, the Head of English Department, Drs. Matius
C. A. Sembiring, M.A and his Secretary for giving all facilities and opportunities
during my academic years and in completing this paper. I would like to express
my special gratitude and great appreciation to my supervisor, Dra. Nur Cahaya
Bangun, M.Si. for her support and beneficial suggestion, and her willingness to
share time in correcting this paper. Thanks to Drs. Siamir, M.Hum. as my reader
and Drs. Muhijar Muchtar Lubis, M.Si. as my Academic Consultant and all the
lecturers of English Department for giving me a great help and contribution of
knowledge throughout my academic years. My best, deep appreciation and love
are dedicated to my beloved father Sir. Jusuf Kaban my beloved mother Nurlela
br. Ginting, my sister Sri ulinaKaban, my little sister Elisabeth Kaban , my brother
Eben Ezer Kaban and my little brother Josusa Kaban who always pray, support,
and advices me with their love. Thank you for being patient with me. And I render
v
thanks to very special someone and very precious to me, who takes care of me,the
one who loves me, Febry Bangun, for he is the most meritorious someone and
always help me,help me in all matter, material, energy, and though during I do
this paper. I would like to thank to all of my big family, I really love them all. I
would like to thank to my best friend in Solidas, and thanks awfully for my close
friend, Bonifasia (Miss of Lecturer), Debby Maria (miss of fashion design),
Lestari Tarpat, Margaret ( queen of vegetables), Marlina(Miss Galau), Rolly Crist
(the Miss Universe), and the last one Princess wenny. They are the best friend
who always together with me in good and bad times, who always gives breathe
into my life and advise me. All of you are reasons for I can be a successful
woman. Thank you to all people who always help me a lot solve to finishall
problems in this paper, thank you
for your kindness. Thank you for all. To all
my classmates in SOLIDAS'12 whose names can't be mentioned one by one,
thank for their help and support for spending our great. Finally, may this paper be
advantageous for the readers. May the grace and love of the Lord, Jesus Christ are
with us all forever. Amen.
Medan, 13rd July, 2015
The writer
Desi Ratna Sari Kaban
Reg. No: 122202014
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION .................................................................... i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ................................................................ ii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. iii
ABSTRAK.................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................... vii
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study .......................................................................... 1
1.2 The Problem of the Study......................................................................... 7
1.3 The Purpose of the Study ......................................................................... 7
1.4 The Reason for Choosing This Topic ...................................................... 7
1.5 The Scope of the Study ............................................................................ 8
1.6 Method of the Study ................................................................................. 8
1.7 Draft of Method of Study ......................................................................... 9
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ........................................... 10
2.1 Semantics ............................................................................................... 10
2.2 Meaning .................................................................................................. 13
2.3 Figurative Language ............................................................................... 14
2.4 Metaphor ................................................................................................ 16
2.4.1 The Creation of Similarity of Metaphor .............................................. 18
2.4.2 Classification of Metaphor .................................................................. 20
3. RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................................ 23
3.1 Methods .................................................................................................. 23
3.2 Research Method .................................................................................... 23
3.2.1 Research Design ............................................................................................. 23
3.2.2 Object of the Research ................................................................................... 24
3.2.3 Data Sources ........................................................................................ 24
3.2.4 Method of Data Collection ............................................................................. 24
3.2.5 Method of Data Analysis ............................................................................... 25
4. DATA FINDINGS AND DATA ANALYSIS .................................................. 26
4.1 Data Findings ......................................................................................... 26
vii
4.2 Data Analysis ......................................................................................... 32
4.3 Findings .................................................................................................. 74
5. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................................. 77
5.1 Conclusions ............................................................................................ 77
5.2 Suggestions............................................................................................. 78
REFERENCES ........................................................................................... 80
APPENDIX ................................................................................................. 82
Summary of Psalm ....................................................................................... 82
viii
BIBLE
A PAPER
WRITEN
BY:
DESI R. SARI KABAN
REG.NO. 122202014
ENGLISH DIPLOMA III STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2015
AUTHOR'S DECLARATION
I am, DESI RATNA SARI KABAN, declare that I am the sole author of
this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper
contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a
paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree. No other person's
work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper.
This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary
education.
Signed : …………..
Date : July, 27th 2015
i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
:
DESI RATNA SARI KABAN
Title of Paper
:
ANALYSIS OF METAPHORIN IN PSALM
SECTION 1 TO 119 OF BIBLE
Qualification
:
D-III/ AhliMadya
Study Program
:
English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion
of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Letters
USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law
of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed : …………….
Date :July, 27th 2015
ii
ABSTRACT
This paper is entitled Analysis of Metaphors in Psalm section 1 to 119 of Bible
discusses about existing metaphor in Psalm and analyze the meaning of the
metaphor. The writer only studies metaphor in Psalm of David. In writing of this
paper, writer conduct method research of bibliography for the study of
bibliography to collect information and data by using some books and internet that
related to problem of analyzes metaphor. Writer collect metaphor data found on
verses in Psalm of David, List the verses which use the Metaphor, Mark and select
the metaphor in Psalm of David, interpreting metaphor in the form of table, and
the last analyze it to be taken the conclusion of most dominant metaphor. The
metaphor of this paper related to two objects to be compared directly. In Psalm of
David, writer found 63 metaphors that contain of metaphor about God, God
people, and Enemy of God people. And the metaphor about God is the most
dominant metaphor in Psalm of David.
iii
ABSTRAK
Kertaskarya yang berjudul Analysis of Metaphors in Psalm section 1 to 119 of
Bible ini membahas metafora yang ada dalam kitab mazmur dan menganalisa
maknametafora tersebut. Penulis hanya membahas metafora yang ada pada
Mazmur Daud.Dalam penulisan kertas kary aini, penulis melakukan metode
penelitian kepustakaanuntuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dengan
menggunakan beberapa buku dan internetyang berkaitan dengan masalah untuk
menganalisis metafora. Penulis mengumpulkan data metafora yang terdapat pada
ayat-ayat di Mazmur Daud, mengurutkan ayat-ayat yang menggunakan metafora,
menyeleksi metafora dalam ayat-ayat Mazmur Daud, menginterpretasikan
metafora dalam bentuk tabel, dan terakhir menganalisisnya untuk diambil
kesimpulan metafora yang paling dominan. Metafora pada kertaskarya ini
mengacu pada dua ha lyang akan dibandingkan secaralangsung. Dalam Mazmur
Daud, penulis menemukan 63 metafora yang berisi tentang Tuhan, umat Tuhan,
dan Musuh umat Tuhan. Dan dalam Mazmur Daud metafora
tentang
Tuhan
merupakan metafora yang paling dominan.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
In the name of Jesus Christ, Amen.
All praise is to God, first of all, I would like to thank to Jesus Christ, the
Almighty God for His blessing and leading me, who gives me health, time, love,
and strength from I begin my study in English Diploma Study Program, Faculty of
Culture Study, University of North Sumatera. so that I could finish my study to
fulfill one
of requirements for the degree of AhliMadya from the English
Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Then, I would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of
Sumatera Utara, Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A and all the staffs for their help during
the period of study in this faculty, the Head of English Department, Drs. Matius
C. A. Sembiring, M.A and his Secretary for giving all facilities and opportunities
during my academic years and in completing this paper. I would like to express
my special gratitude and great appreciation to my supervisor, Dra. Nur Cahaya
Bangun, M.Si. for her support and beneficial suggestion, and her willingness to
share time in correcting this paper. Thanks to Drs. Siamir, M.Hum. as my reader
and Drs. Muhijar Muchtar Lubis, M.Si. as my Academic Consultant and all the
lecturers of English Department for giving me a great help and contribution of
knowledge throughout my academic years. My best, deep appreciation and love
are dedicated to my beloved father Sir. Jusuf Kaban my beloved mother Nurlela
br. Ginting, my sister Sri ulinaKaban, my little sister Elisabeth Kaban , my brother
Eben Ezer Kaban and my little brother Josusa Kaban who always pray, support,
and advices me with their love. Thank you for being patient with me. And I render
v
thanks to very special someone and very precious to me, who takes care of me,the
one who loves me, Febry Bangun, for he is the most meritorious someone and
always help me,help me in all matter, material, energy, and though during I do
this paper. I would like to thank to all of my big family, I really love them all. I
would like to thank to my best friend in Solidas, and thanks awfully for my close
friend, Bonifasia (Miss of Lecturer), Debby Maria (miss of fashion design),
Lestari Tarpat, Margaret ( queen of vegetables), Marlina(Miss Galau), Rolly Crist
(the Miss Universe), and the last one Princess wenny. They are the best friend
who always together with me in good and bad times, who always gives breathe
into my life and advise me. All of you are reasons for I can be a successful
woman. Thank you to all people who always help me a lot solve to finishall
problems in this paper, thank you
for your kindness. Thank you for all. To all
my classmates in SOLIDAS'12 whose names can't be mentioned one by one,
thank for their help and support for spending our great. Finally, may this paper be
advantageous for the readers. May the grace and love of the Lord, Jesus Christ are
with us all forever. Amen.
Medan, 13rd July, 2015
The writer
Desi Ratna Sari Kaban
Reg. No: 122202014
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION .................................................................... i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ................................................................ ii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. iii
ABSTRAK.................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................... vii
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study .......................................................................... 1
1.2 The Problem of the Study......................................................................... 7
1.3 The Purpose of the Study ......................................................................... 7
1.4 The Reason for Choosing This Topic ...................................................... 7
1.5 The Scope of the Study ............................................................................ 8
1.6 Method of the Study ................................................................................. 8
1.7 Draft of Method of Study ......................................................................... 9
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ........................................... 10
2.1 Semantics ............................................................................................... 10
2.2 Meaning .................................................................................................. 13
2.3 Figurative Language ............................................................................... 14
2.4 Metaphor ................................................................................................ 16
2.4.1 The Creation of Similarity of Metaphor .............................................. 18
2.4.2 Classification of Metaphor .................................................................. 20
3. RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................................ 23
3.1 Methods .................................................................................................. 23
3.2 Research Method .................................................................................... 23
3.2.1 Research Design ............................................................................................. 23
3.2.2 Object of the Research ................................................................................... 24
3.2.3 Data Sources ........................................................................................ 24
3.2.4 Method of Data Collection ............................................................................. 24
3.2.5 Method of Data Analysis ............................................................................... 25
4. DATA FINDINGS AND DATA ANALYSIS .................................................. 26
4.1 Data Findings ......................................................................................... 26
vii
4.2 Data Analysis ......................................................................................... 32
4.3 Findings .................................................................................................. 74
5. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................................. 77
5.1 Conclusions ............................................................................................ 77
5.2 Suggestions............................................................................................. 78
REFERENCES ........................................................................................... 80
APPENDIX ................................................................................................. 82
Summary of Psalm ....................................................................................... 82
viii