The Ability Of Using Conditional Sentences By The Students Of Sma Cahaya Medan
THE ABILITY OF USING CONDITIONAL SENTENCES BY THE
STUDENTS OF SMA CAHAYA MEDAN
A THESIS
BY :
HANNA M PANGGABEAN
REG. NO. : 110705046
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2015
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies of
University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra
Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M. S.
NIP. 195411171980031002
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M. A., Ph. D.
NIP. 197502092008121002
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, HANNA M PANGGABEAN, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR
OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT
OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A
THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT
DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed
:
Date
: July 2nd, 2015
v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: HANNA M PANGGABEAN
TITLE OF THESIS : THE ABILITY OF USING CONDITIONAL
SENTENCES BY THE STUDENTS OF SMA CAHAYA
MEDAN
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: July 2nd, 2015
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, the researcher thank all who in one way or another contributed in
the completion of this thesis. The researcher give thanks to Jesus Christ for
protection and ability in finishing this thesis as requirement to finish her study in
Deparment of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
Special and heartily thanks to her supervisor, Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dip.
TESOL M. Hum and her co-supervisor Drs. Yulianus Harefa, M. Ed. TESOL
who given time, guidance and help this thesis towards a completion. The researcher
is also thankful to Dr. Syahron Lubis, M. A., the Dean of Faculty of Cultural
Studies, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M. S., the chief of Department of English,
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M. A., Ph. D as secretary of Department of English,
University of Sumatera Utara. The researcher also thankful to all lecturers and staffs
who had given their useful and valuable knowledge during her academic years. The
researcher wishes to thank Sr. Ludovika Situmorang, S. Psi, the headmaster of
SMA Cahaya Medan for having allowed the students in grade XI as respondents of
her study and entire teacher.
Deep gratitude to her parents, Manat M. Panggabean and Anita R. Siahaan
and her brother, Todo Lukas Panggabean who encouraged me and prayed for me
throughout the time of my research. This research is heartily dedicated to her parents
who took the lead to heaven before the completion of this work. May the Almighty
God richly bless all of you.
vii
The researcher would like to acknowledge her fellows Sheila, Mariaty and
Atika who giving ideas, comments and productive critics. Sweet thanks for her
bestfriend Dj, Irna and Septalia for treating the friendship during the past 4 years
and I hope it never be the end of the story. Specially thanks for Maya and also
thanks for all her friends and classmates for supporting her in finishing this research.
Finally, I do appreciate any recommendations and suggestions to make this
research better. Therefore, I cordially welcome any critics and comments. I do hope
this research will be useful for those who want to enhance and expand his/her
knowledge on the concept of ability.
Medan, July 2nd, 2015
Hanna M Panggabean
REG. NO. 110705046
viii
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul “The Ability of Using Conditional Sentences by The
Students of SMA Cahaya Medan” merupakan skripsi yang menganalisa kemampuan
penggunaan kalimat conditional dalam mengisi pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang
diberikan kepada siswa kelas XI SMA Cahaya Medan.
Tujuan dari skripsi adalah untuk mengamati bagaimana kemampuan siswa
kelas XI SMA Cahaya Medan dalam menggunakan kalimat conditional dengan
mengklasifikasikan kemampuan tersebut ke dalam beberapa tipe berdasarkan standar
kelulusan dari SMA Cahaya Medan yaitu ‘Very Good’ (90-100), ‘Good’ (80-89),
‘Average’ (70-79), ‘Poor’ (60-69) dan ‘Very Poor’ (0-59) dan masalah apa yang
dialami oleh siswa kelas XI SMA Cahaya Medan dalam menggunakan kalimat
conditional.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi adalah deskriptif kualitatif
dan kuantitatif dengan melakukan riset lapangan di SMA Cahaya, memberikan
pertanyaan yang sudah dipelajari dan mencari referensi yang berhubungan dengan
judul skripsi.
Berdasarkan penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa banyak siswa SMA Cahaya
Medan memperoleh kemampuan ‘Very Poor’ (68,3%) dan tidak ada siswa yang
memperoleh kemampuan ‘Good’ (0%). 1 siswa memperoleh kemampuan ‘Very
Good’ (1,7%), 5 siswa memperoleh kemampuan ‘Average’ (8,35) dan 41 siswa
memperoleh kemampuan ‘Poor’ (21,7%). Artinya, proses belajar mengajar bahasa
inggris di SMA Cahaya Medan belum optimal.
ix
ABSTRACT
The thesis entitled “The Ability of Using Conditional Sentences by The
Students of SMA Cahaya Medan” is a thesis that analyzed the ability of using
conditional sentences by completing the test which is given to the students of grade
XI SMA Cahaya Medan.
The objective of this research is to find out the ability of students in grade XI
of SMA Cahaya Medan in using conditional sentences by classifying them into score
range based on KKM (Minimum Standart Scores) of SMA Cahaya Medan is 'Very
Good' (90-100), 'Good' (80- 89), 'Average' (70-79), 'Poor' (60-69) and 'Very Poor' (059) and to find out the problems of students in grade XI of SMA Cahaya Medan in
using conditional sentences.
The method which is used in the thesis is a qualitative and quantitative
descriptive by conducting field research in SMA Cahaya Medan, giving them a test
that have been learned and find references that relate to the title of the thesis.
Based on the research, it can be concluded that most students of SMA Cahaya
Medan are in 'Very Poor' ability (68.3%) and there are no students in 'Good' ability
(0%). 1 students are in 'Very Good' ability (1.7%), 5 students are in 'Average' ability
(8.35) and 41 students are in 'Poor' ability (21.7%). It means the process of teaching
and learning English in SMA Cahaya Medan is not optimum.
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION............................................................................... v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION........................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................... vii
ABSTRAK................................................................................................................. ix
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................... xi
LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................. xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.............................................................................. 1
1.1. Background of the Study............................................................. 1
1.2. Problems of the Study.................................................................. 4
1.3. Objectives to the Study................................................................. 5
1.4. Scopes of the Study...................................................................... 5
1.5. Significances of the Study............................................................ 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE.......................................................... 6
2.1 Ability............................................................................................. 7
2.1.1 Factors of Ability......................................................................... 8
2.2 Grade XI......................................................................................... 11
2.3 Conditional Sentences ................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Future Conditional (Conditional Sentence Type 1)..................... 13
2.3.2 Present Conditional (Conditional Sentence Type 2)................... 17
2.3.3 Past Conditional (Conditional Sentence Type 3)........................ 20
2.4 Test................................................................................................. 23
2.4.1 Kinds of Test................................................................... ........... 24
2.4.2 Criteria of Test............................................................................. 29
2.5 A Case Study...................................................................... ........... 31
CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH......................................................... 32
3.1 Research Design............................................................................. 32
3.2 Location and Time.......................................................................... 33
3.3 Population and Sample................................................................... 34
3.4 Data Collection Procedures............................................................ 35
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis........................................................... 36
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS....................................................... 40
4.1 Data Analysis….............................................................................. 40
4.2 Findings.......................................................................................... 47
xi
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS..................................... 55
5.1 Conclusions.................................................................................... 55
5.2 Suggestions..................................................................................... 56
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................... 57
APPENDICES
xii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1
Table 2.2
Table 2.3
Table 2.4
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Table 4.3
Table 4.4
Table 4.5
Table 4.6
The number of students in grade XI SMA Cahaya Medan......... 12
Form of future conditional and the examples............................... 14
Form of present conditional and the examples............................. 18
Form of past conditional and the example in sentence................. 21
Distribution of Research Population.............................................. 35
Students’ score range in SMA Cahaya Medan............................. 39
Conditional Sentences function and each item.............................. 41
The Highest to The Smallest Scores............................................... 42
The Students’ Score in Using Conditional Sentences................... 47
The Percentage of Students’ Score in Using Conditional
Sentences........................................................................................... 48
The Students’ Ability in Using Conditional
Sentences........................................................................................... 49
The Percentage of Questionnaire Items......................................... 53
xiii
STUDENTS OF SMA CAHAYA MEDAN
A THESIS
BY :
HANNA M PANGGABEAN
REG. NO. : 110705046
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2015
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies of
University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra
Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M. S.
NIP. 195411171980031002
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M. A., Ph. D.
NIP. 197502092008121002
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, HANNA M PANGGABEAN, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR
OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT
OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A
THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT
DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed
:
Date
: July 2nd, 2015
v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: HANNA M PANGGABEAN
TITLE OF THESIS : THE ABILITY OF USING CONDITIONAL
SENTENCES BY THE STUDENTS OF SMA CAHAYA
MEDAN
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: July 2nd, 2015
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, the researcher thank all who in one way or another contributed in
the completion of this thesis. The researcher give thanks to Jesus Christ for
protection and ability in finishing this thesis as requirement to finish her study in
Deparment of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
Special and heartily thanks to her supervisor, Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dip.
TESOL M. Hum and her co-supervisor Drs. Yulianus Harefa, M. Ed. TESOL
who given time, guidance and help this thesis towards a completion. The researcher
is also thankful to Dr. Syahron Lubis, M. A., the Dean of Faculty of Cultural
Studies, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M. S., the chief of Department of English,
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M. A., Ph. D as secretary of Department of English,
University of Sumatera Utara. The researcher also thankful to all lecturers and staffs
who had given their useful and valuable knowledge during her academic years. The
researcher wishes to thank Sr. Ludovika Situmorang, S. Psi, the headmaster of
SMA Cahaya Medan for having allowed the students in grade XI as respondents of
her study and entire teacher.
Deep gratitude to her parents, Manat M. Panggabean and Anita R. Siahaan
and her brother, Todo Lukas Panggabean who encouraged me and prayed for me
throughout the time of my research. This research is heartily dedicated to her parents
who took the lead to heaven before the completion of this work. May the Almighty
God richly bless all of you.
vii
The researcher would like to acknowledge her fellows Sheila, Mariaty and
Atika who giving ideas, comments and productive critics. Sweet thanks for her
bestfriend Dj, Irna and Septalia for treating the friendship during the past 4 years
and I hope it never be the end of the story. Specially thanks for Maya and also
thanks for all her friends and classmates for supporting her in finishing this research.
Finally, I do appreciate any recommendations and suggestions to make this
research better. Therefore, I cordially welcome any critics and comments. I do hope
this research will be useful for those who want to enhance and expand his/her
knowledge on the concept of ability.
Medan, July 2nd, 2015
Hanna M Panggabean
REG. NO. 110705046
viii
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul “The Ability of Using Conditional Sentences by The
Students of SMA Cahaya Medan” merupakan skripsi yang menganalisa kemampuan
penggunaan kalimat conditional dalam mengisi pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang
diberikan kepada siswa kelas XI SMA Cahaya Medan.
Tujuan dari skripsi adalah untuk mengamati bagaimana kemampuan siswa
kelas XI SMA Cahaya Medan dalam menggunakan kalimat conditional dengan
mengklasifikasikan kemampuan tersebut ke dalam beberapa tipe berdasarkan standar
kelulusan dari SMA Cahaya Medan yaitu ‘Very Good’ (90-100), ‘Good’ (80-89),
‘Average’ (70-79), ‘Poor’ (60-69) dan ‘Very Poor’ (0-59) dan masalah apa yang
dialami oleh siswa kelas XI SMA Cahaya Medan dalam menggunakan kalimat
conditional.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi adalah deskriptif kualitatif
dan kuantitatif dengan melakukan riset lapangan di SMA Cahaya, memberikan
pertanyaan yang sudah dipelajari dan mencari referensi yang berhubungan dengan
judul skripsi.
Berdasarkan penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa banyak siswa SMA Cahaya
Medan memperoleh kemampuan ‘Very Poor’ (68,3%) dan tidak ada siswa yang
memperoleh kemampuan ‘Good’ (0%). 1 siswa memperoleh kemampuan ‘Very
Good’ (1,7%), 5 siswa memperoleh kemampuan ‘Average’ (8,35) dan 41 siswa
memperoleh kemampuan ‘Poor’ (21,7%). Artinya, proses belajar mengajar bahasa
inggris di SMA Cahaya Medan belum optimal.
ix
ABSTRACT
The thesis entitled “The Ability of Using Conditional Sentences by The
Students of SMA Cahaya Medan” is a thesis that analyzed the ability of using
conditional sentences by completing the test which is given to the students of grade
XI SMA Cahaya Medan.
The objective of this research is to find out the ability of students in grade XI
of SMA Cahaya Medan in using conditional sentences by classifying them into score
range based on KKM (Minimum Standart Scores) of SMA Cahaya Medan is 'Very
Good' (90-100), 'Good' (80- 89), 'Average' (70-79), 'Poor' (60-69) and 'Very Poor' (059) and to find out the problems of students in grade XI of SMA Cahaya Medan in
using conditional sentences.
The method which is used in the thesis is a qualitative and quantitative
descriptive by conducting field research in SMA Cahaya Medan, giving them a test
that have been learned and find references that relate to the title of the thesis.
Based on the research, it can be concluded that most students of SMA Cahaya
Medan are in 'Very Poor' ability (68.3%) and there are no students in 'Good' ability
(0%). 1 students are in 'Very Good' ability (1.7%), 5 students are in 'Average' ability
(8.35) and 41 students are in 'Poor' ability (21.7%). It means the process of teaching
and learning English in SMA Cahaya Medan is not optimum.
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION............................................................................... v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION........................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................... vii
ABSTRAK................................................................................................................. ix
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................... xi
LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................. xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.............................................................................. 1
1.1. Background of the Study............................................................. 1
1.2. Problems of the Study.................................................................. 4
1.3. Objectives to the Study................................................................. 5
1.4. Scopes of the Study...................................................................... 5
1.5. Significances of the Study............................................................ 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE.......................................................... 6
2.1 Ability............................................................................................. 7
2.1.1 Factors of Ability......................................................................... 8
2.2 Grade XI......................................................................................... 11
2.3 Conditional Sentences ................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Future Conditional (Conditional Sentence Type 1)..................... 13
2.3.2 Present Conditional (Conditional Sentence Type 2)................... 17
2.3.3 Past Conditional (Conditional Sentence Type 3)........................ 20
2.4 Test................................................................................................. 23
2.4.1 Kinds of Test................................................................... ........... 24
2.4.2 Criteria of Test............................................................................. 29
2.5 A Case Study...................................................................... ........... 31
CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH......................................................... 32
3.1 Research Design............................................................................. 32
3.2 Location and Time.......................................................................... 33
3.3 Population and Sample................................................................... 34
3.4 Data Collection Procedures............................................................ 35
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis........................................................... 36
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS....................................................... 40
4.1 Data Analysis….............................................................................. 40
4.2 Findings.......................................................................................... 47
xi
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS..................................... 55
5.1 Conclusions.................................................................................... 55
5.2 Suggestions..................................................................................... 56
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................... 57
APPENDICES
xii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1
Table 2.2
Table 2.3
Table 2.4
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Table 4.3
Table 4.4
Table 4.5
Table 4.6
The number of students in grade XI SMA Cahaya Medan......... 12
Form of future conditional and the examples............................... 14
Form of present conditional and the examples............................. 18
Form of past conditional and the example in sentence................. 21
Distribution of Research Population.............................................. 35
Students’ score range in SMA Cahaya Medan............................. 39
Conditional Sentences function and each item.............................. 41
The Highest to The Smallest Scores............................................... 42
The Students’ Score in Using Conditional Sentences................... 47
The Percentage of Students’ Score in Using Conditional
Sentences........................................................................................... 48
The Students’ Ability in Using Conditional
Sentences........................................................................................... 49
The Percentage of Questionnaire Items......................................... 53
xiii