The Description of English Tenses in the Novel “The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas
THE DESCRIPTION OF ENGLISH TENSES USED IN THE NOVEL
THE THREE MUSKETEERS BY ALEXANDRE DUMAS
A PAPER
WRITTEN
BY
EKA YUNI SARI BR SILALAHI
REG.NO : 122202018
DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2015
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by
Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A
19560705198903 1 002
Submitted to Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma (D-III) in English
Approved by
Head of Diploma III English Study Program,
Dr.Matius. C.A. Sembiring,M.A
19521126198112 1 001
Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program
Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara
As a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the Diploma III(D-III) of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies,
University of Sumatera Utara.
The examination is held on
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara
Dean,
Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A
NIP.19511013197603 1 001
Board of Examinery :
1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP)
2. Dr.Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A
3 Dr. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum. (Supervisor)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I am, Eka Yuni Sari br Silalahi, declare that I am the sole author of this
paper. Except where the references is made in the text of this paper, this paper
contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a
paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without acknowledgement in the
main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award for
another degree in any tertiary education.
Signed
:
Date
:
2015
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: Eka Yuni Sari br Silalahi
Title of paper
: The Description of English Tenses in the Novel
“The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas
Qualification: D-III/ Ahli Madya
Study Program
: English
I am wiling that my paper should be available for reproduction at the
discretion of the libertarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty
of Cultural Study USU on the understanding that users are made aware of
their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed
:
Date:
:
2015
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This paper is entitled The Description of English Tenses Used in the Novel “The
Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas. The methodology used in this paper is
descriptive method by Nazar (2003:54) and theory used in this tenses by
Romdony (2008:131). In Novel “The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas
used eleven different tenses, they are Present Tense, Present Continuous Tense,
Present Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Simple Past Tense, Past
Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Tense, Past Perfect Continuous Tense, Future
Tense, Past Future Tense, and Past Future Perfect Tense. Tense is the one of
English structure. There are two kinds in the sentences found of the novel that use
the verb and non verb (adjective or noun). Not only that, this tense has the
different sentence pattern. The form of the sentences, are positive, negative,
interrogative and informative question. The eleven tenses have some of sentence
patterns, they are present tense with 10 sentence patterns, present continuous
tense with 3 sentence patterns, present perfect tense with 7 sentence patterns,
present perfect continuous tense with 1 sentence pattern, simple past tense with 9
sentence patterns, past continuous tense with 1 sentence pattern, past perfect tense
with 5 sentence patterns, past perfect continuous tense with 1 sentence pattern,
future tense with 5 sentence patterns, past future tense with 3 sentence patterns,
and past future perfect tense with 2 sentence patterns. Moreover, the dominantly
of tenses used in the Novel “The Three Musketeer” is past tense because past
tense has 114 sentences in this novel and this novel tells the story of events in the
past.
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Kertas karya ini berjudul The Description of English Tenses Used in the Novel
“The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas. Metodologi yang digunakan
dalam tugas akhir ini adalah metode deskripsi oleh Nazar (2003:131) dan teori
yang digunakan dalam tenses oleh Romdony (2008:131). Dalam novel “The
Three Musketeers” oleh Alexandre Dumas menggunakan sebelas tenses yang
berbeda, diantaranya adalah Present Tense, Present Continuous Tense, Present
Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Simple Past Tense, Past Perfect
Continuous Tense, Future Tense, Past Future Tense, dan Past Future Perfect
Tense. Tenses merupakan salah satu dari struktur bahasa inggris. Ada dua jenis
kalimat yang ditemukan pada novel yaitu menggunakan kata kerja dan bukan kata
kerja (kata sifat atau kata benda). Tidak hanya itu, tense ini mempunyai rumus
yang berbeda. Bentuk dari kalimat tersebut adalah positif, negatif, kalimat
bertanya, dan kalimat menyakan. Sebelas tenses ini memiliki beberapa rumus,
yaitu present tense dengan 10 rumus, present continuous tense dengan 3 rumus,
present perfect tense dengan 7 rumus, present perfect continuous tense dengan 1
rumus, simple past tense dengan 9 rumus, past continuous tense dengan 1 rumus,
past perfect tense dengan 5 rumus, past perfect continuous tense dengan 1 rumus,
future tense dengan 5 rumus, past future tense dengan 3 rumus, dan past future
perfect tense dengan 2 rumus. Selain itu, tenses yang dominan digunakan dalam
novel ‘The Three Musketeers” adalah past tense karena past tense mempunyai 114
kalimat dan novel ini menceritakan kejadian yang sudah lalu.
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
First of all, the writer would like to say thank to God, merciful, and most gracious
who has given blessing to the writer so that the writer keep healthy and can
compile this paper. This paper is written to fulfill one of the requirements in order
to get the degree of diploma III from the Faculty of Cultural Science, North
University.
Not only that, the writer also be aware that in this paper not be completed without
the support, guidance and suggestion. Therefore, the writer would like to thank to
this following people.
1. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A the Dean of the Faculty of Cultural Science of
North Sumatera University.
2. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A the Head of the Diploma III of the
English Department which has allowed me to accomplish my paper.
3. Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A who is on this circumstance as a supervisor
and Dr. Hj. MasdianaLubis, M.Hum as a reader in writing this paper for
his patience in giving supervision, advice and have many take spend time
to check out this paper.
4. Bapak Edward Silalahi and Ibu Rupianna br Ginting as my beloved
parents. The writer would like thank to my beloved parents for your love,
support, prayers, spirit and material so that the writer can complete her
education of diploma III from the Faculty of Cultural Science, North
University.
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
5. Ervina br Silalahi as my sister, Chris Yericho Brema Silalahi as my
younger brother, Erik Silalahi and Ika Silalahi as my cousin thanks for
giving the writer support, motivation and your prayers to accomplish this
paper.
6. Florencia M Pratiwi, Mercy Sarah, Elisa Putri, Rotua Meyly and Arta
Sinaga as my best friends. The writer would like thank for your spirit and
who have shared and contributed yours knowledge so that the writer
remain motivated to accomplish her paper.
7. Jaka Lariza, Alexander Siahaan and Jan Bruana Nainggolan as a
senior in the faculty. The writer would like thanks for giving your
motivation to make the writer more spirit to accomplish her paper.
Finally, I have finished this paper for a long time and it is not perfect.
Therefore, I welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion towards
this paper.
Medan, July 2015
The writer,
EkaYuni Sari
Reg.No. 122202018
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ..................................................................... i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ................................................................. ii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................ v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. vii
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................
1.1 Background of the Study ...........................................................................
1.2 Problem of the Study .................................................................................
1.3 Scope of the Study ....................................................................................
1.4 Purpose of the Study .................................................................................
1.5 The Reason for Choosing the Topic ..........................................................
1.6 Method of the Study ..................................................................................
1
1
3
3
3
3
4
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .............................................
2.1 Language ....................................................................................................
2.2 Grammar ....................................................................................................
2.3 Tenses.........................................................................................................
2.4 Scheme of Sixteen Tenses..........................................................................
6
6
6
7
13
3. THE DESCRIPTION OF TENSES USED ............................................. 15
4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION ................................................. 54
4.1 Conclusions ............................................................................................... 54
4.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 55
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 56
APPENDICES ............................................................................................... 57
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
THE THREE MUSKETEERS BY ALEXANDRE DUMAS
A PAPER
WRITTEN
BY
EKA YUNI SARI BR SILALAHI
REG.NO : 122202018
DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2015
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by
Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A
19560705198903 1 002
Submitted to Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma (D-III) in English
Approved by
Head of Diploma III English Study Program,
Dr.Matius. C.A. Sembiring,M.A
19521126198112 1 001
Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program
Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara
As a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the Diploma III(D-III) of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies,
University of Sumatera Utara.
The examination is held on
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara
Dean,
Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A
NIP.19511013197603 1 001
Board of Examinery :
1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP)
2. Dr.Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A
3 Dr. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum. (Supervisor)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I am, Eka Yuni Sari br Silalahi, declare that I am the sole author of this
paper. Except where the references is made in the text of this paper, this paper
contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a
paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without acknowledgement in the
main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award for
another degree in any tertiary education.
Signed
:
Date
:
2015
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: Eka Yuni Sari br Silalahi
Title of paper
: The Description of English Tenses in the Novel
“The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas
Qualification: D-III/ Ahli Madya
Study Program
: English
I am wiling that my paper should be available for reproduction at the
discretion of the libertarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty
of Cultural Study USU on the understanding that users are made aware of
their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed
:
Date:
:
2015
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This paper is entitled The Description of English Tenses Used in the Novel “The
Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas. The methodology used in this paper is
descriptive method by Nazar (2003:54) and theory used in this tenses by
Romdony (2008:131). In Novel “The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas
used eleven different tenses, they are Present Tense, Present Continuous Tense,
Present Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Simple Past Tense, Past
Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Tense, Past Perfect Continuous Tense, Future
Tense, Past Future Tense, and Past Future Perfect Tense. Tense is the one of
English structure. There are two kinds in the sentences found of the novel that use
the verb and non verb (adjective or noun). Not only that, this tense has the
different sentence pattern. The form of the sentences, are positive, negative,
interrogative and informative question. The eleven tenses have some of sentence
patterns, they are present tense with 10 sentence patterns, present continuous
tense with 3 sentence patterns, present perfect tense with 7 sentence patterns,
present perfect continuous tense with 1 sentence pattern, simple past tense with 9
sentence patterns, past continuous tense with 1 sentence pattern, past perfect tense
with 5 sentence patterns, past perfect continuous tense with 1 sentence pattern,
future tense with 5 sentence patterns, past future tense with 3 sentence patterns,
and past future perfect tense with 2 sentence patterns. Moreover, the dominantly
of tenses used in the Novel “The Three Musketeer” is past tense because past
tense has 114 sentences in this novel and this novel tells the story of events in the
past.
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Kertas karya ini berjudul The Description of English Tenses Used in the Novel
“The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas. Metodologi yang digunakan
dalam tugas akhir ini adalah metode deskripsi oleh Nazar (2003:131) dan teori
yang digunakan dalam tenses oleh Romdony (2008:131). Dalam novel “The
Three Musketeers” oleh Alexandre Dumas menggunakan sebelas tenses yang
berbeda, diantaranya adalah Present Tense, Present Continuous Tense, Present
Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Simple Past Tense, Past Perfect
Continuous Tense, Future Tense, Past Future Tense, dan Past Future Perfect
Tense. Tenses merupakan salah satu dari struktur bahasa inggris. Ada dua jenis
kalimat yang ditemukan pada novel yaitu menggunakan kata kerja dan bukan kata
kerja (kata sifat atau kata benda). Tidak hanya itu, tense ini mempunyai rumus
yang berbeda. Bentuk dari kalimat tersebut adalah positif, negatif, kalimat
bertanya, dan kalimat menyakan. Sebelas tenses ini memiliki beberapa rumus,
yaitu present tense dengan 10 rumus, present continuous tense dengan 3 rumus,
present perfect tense dengan 7 rumus, present perfect continuous tense dengan 1
rumus, simple past tense dengan 9 rumus, past continuous tense dengan 1 rumus,
past perfect tense dengan 5 rumus, past perfect continuous tense dengan 1 rumus,
future tense dengan 5 rumus, past future tense dengan 3 rumus, dan past future
perfect tense dengan 2 rumus. Selain itu, tenses yang dominan digunakan dalam
novel ‘The Three Musketeers” adalah past tense karena past tense mempunyai 114
kalimat dan novel ini menceritakan kejadian yang sudah lalu.
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
First of all, the writer would like to say thank to God, merciful, and most gracious
who has given blessing to the writer so that the writer keep healthy and can
compile this paper. This paper is written to fulfill one of the requirements in order
to get the degree of diploma III from the Faculty of Cultural Science, North
University.
Not only that, the writer also be aware that in this paper not be completed without
the support, guidance and suggestion. Therefore, the writer would like to thank to
this following people.
1. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A the Dean of the Faculty of Cultural Science of
North Sumatera University.
2. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A the Head of the Diploma III of the
English Department which has allowed me to accomplish my paper.
3. Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A who is on this circumstance as a supervisor
and Dr. Hj. MasdianaLubis, M.Hum as a reader in writing this paper for
his patience in giving supervision, advice and have many take spend time
to check out this paper.
4. Bapak Edward Silalahi and Ibu Rupianna br Ginting as my beloved
parents. The writer would like thank to my beloved parents for your love,
support, prayers, spirit and material so that the writer can complete her
education of diploma III from the Faculty of Cultural Science, North
University.
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
5. Ervina br Silalahi as my sister, Chris Yericho Brema Silalahi as my
younger brother, Erik Silalahi and Ika Silalahi as my cousin thanks for
giving the writer support, motivation and your prayers to accomplish this
paper.
6. Florencia M Pratiwi, Mercy Sarah, Elisa Putri, Rotua Meyly and Arta
Sinaga as my best friends. The writer would like thank for your spirit and
who have shared and contributed yours knowledge so that the writer
remain motivated to accomplish her paper.
7. Jaka Lariza, Alexander Siahaan and Jan Bruana Nainggolan as a
senior in the faculty. The writer would like thanks for giving your
motivation to make the writer more spirit to accomplish her paper.
Finally, I have finished this paper for a long time and it is not perfect.
Therefore, I welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion towards
this paper.
Medan, July 2015
The writer,
EkaYuni Sari
Reg.No. 122202018
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ..................................................................... i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ................................................................. ii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................ v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. vii
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................
1.1 Background of the Study ...........................................................................
1.2 Problem of the Study .................................................................................
1.3 Scope of the Study ....................................................................................
1.4 Purpose of the Study .................................................................................
1.5 The Reason for Choosing the Topic ..........................................................
1.6 Method of the Study ..................................................................................
1
1
3
3
3
3
4
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .............................................
2.1 Language ....................................................................................................
2.2 Grammar ....................................................................................................
2.3 Tenses.........................................................................................................
2.4 Scheme of Sixteen Tenses..........................................................................
6
6
6
7
13
3. THE DESCRIPTION OF TENSES USED ............................................. 15
4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION ................................................. 54
4.1 Conclusions ............................................................................................... 54
4.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 55
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 56
APPENDICES ............................................................................................... 57
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara