S SEJ 1002208 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... i
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH .......................................................................... ii
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 5
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 6
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 6
1.5 Metode Penelitian ...................................................................................... 7
1.6 Struktur Organisasi Skripsi ....................................................................... 8
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Kajian Pustaka ........................................................................................... 10
2.1.1 Biografi Singkat Adolf Hitler ................................................................. 10
2.1.2 Jerman pada Perang Dunia II ................................................................. 12
2.2 Landasan Teori ........................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Teori Konflik .......................................................................................... 16
2.2.2 Teori Konspirasi ..................................................................................... 21
2.2.3 Teori Kekuasaan ..................................................................................... 23
2.2.4 Teori Kepemimpinan ............................................................................. 28
2.3 Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................................. 40
2.3.1 Skripsi .................................................................................................... 40
2.3.2 Jurnal ...................................................................................................... 43
2.3.3 Buku ....................................................................................................... 44
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
3.1 Metode dan Teknik Penelitian .................................................................. 49
3.1.1 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 49
3.1.2 Teknik Penelitian ................................................................................... 56
Vanni Octavania, 2015
Jerman Di Bawah Pemerintahan Adolf Hitler
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
3.2 Persiapan Penelitian .................................................................................. 57
3.2.1 Penentuan dan Pengajuan Topik ............................................................ 57
3.2.2 Penyusunan Rancangan Penelitian ......................................................... 59
3.2.3 Mengurus Perizinan ............................................................................... 61
3.2.4 Menyiapkan Perlengkapan Penelitian .................................................... 61
3.2.5 Proses Bimbingan .................................................................................. 61
3.3 Pelaksanaan Penelitian .............................................................................. 62
3.3.1 Heuristik ................................................................................................. 62
3.3.2 Kritik ...................................................................................................... 64
3.3.3 Interpretasi .............................................................................................. 67
3.3.4 Historiografi ........................................................................................... 70
BAB IV JERMAN DI BAWAH PEMERINTAHAN HITLER : KAJIAN
HISTORIS GERAKAN OPOSISI TERHADAP PEMERINTAHAN
HITLER PADA TAHUN 1933-1945
4.1 Karakteristik Kepemimpinan Adolf Hitler ............................................... 72
4.1.1 Naziisme ................................................................................................. 73
4.1.2 Proses Adolf Hitler dalam Meraih Kekuasaan ....................................... 78
4.1.3 Cara Adolf Hitler dalam Mempertahankan Kepemimpinan .................. 82
4.2 Latar Belakang Munculnya Kelompok Oposisi ........................................ 87
4.2.1 Politik Rasialisme Adolf Hitler .............................................................. 87
4.2.2 Penerapan Wajib Militer oleh Adolf Hitler ............................................ 88
4.2.3 Ekspansi Jerman ke Kawasan Eropa ...................................................... 89
4.2.4 Kekhawatiran Rakyat Jerman atas Pendudukan Cekoslovakia .............. 91
4.2.5 Peristiwa Holocaust ................................................................................ 92
4.2.6 Penyimpangan Kebijakan Adolf Hitler .................................................. 94
4.2.7 Konflik antara Abwehr dan Gestapo ...................................................... 95
4.3 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi dalam Menggulingkan Pemerintahan
Adolf Hitler ............................................................................................... 98
4.3.1 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi pada Tahun 1938-1941 ................................ 98
4.3.1.1 Upaya Kudeta pada September 1938 .................................................. 98
4.3.1.2 Upaya Kudeta Kedua pada November 1939 ....................................... 107
Vanni Octavania, 2015
Jerman Di Bawah Pemerintahan Adolf Hitler
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
4.3.1.3 Percobaan Pembunuhan Hitler pada Tahun 1939-1941 ...................... 110
4.3.2 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi pada Tahun 1942-1943 ................................ 112
4.3.2.1 Upaya Kudeta Ketiga pada 13 Maret 1943 ......................................... 112
4.3.2.2 Upaya Kudeta Keempat pada 21 Maret 1943 ..................................... 116
4.3.2.3 Upaya Kudeta Kelima pada Desember 1943 ...................................... 118
4.4 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi pada Tahun 1944 ............................................ 121
4.4.1 Percobaan Pembunuhan Hitler pada Maret 1944 ................................... 121
4.4.2 Upaya Kudeta Keenam pada 20 Juli 1944 ............................................ 122
4.5 Dampak Munculnya Kudeta terhadap Kelangsungan
Pemerintahan Hitler ................................................................................. 139
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................... 145
5.2 Rekomendasi ............................................................................................. 149
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 150
LAMPIRAN
RIWAYAT HIDUP
Vanni Octavania, 2015
Jerman Di Bawah Pemerintahan Adolf Hitler
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... i
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH .......................................................................... ii
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 5
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 6
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 6
1.5 Metode Penelitian ...................................................................................... 7
1.6 Struktur Organisasi Skripsi ....................................................................... 8
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Kajian Pustaka ........................................................................................... 10
2.1.1 Biografi Singkat Adolf Hitler ................................................................. 10
2.1.2 Jerman pada Perang Dunia II ................................................................. 12
2.2 Landasan Teori ........................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Teori Konflik .......................................................................................... 16
2.2.2 Teori Konspirasi ..................................................................................... 21
2.2.3 Teori Kekuasaan ..................................................................................... 23
2.2.4 Teori Kepemimpinan ............................................................................. 28
2.3 Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................................. 40
2.3.1 Skripsi .................................................................................................... 40
2.3.2 Jurnal ...................................................................................................... 43
2.3.3 Buku ....................................................................................................... 44
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
3.1 Metode dan Teknik Penelitian .................................................................. 49
3.1.1 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 49
3.1.2 Teknik Penelitian ................................................................................... 56
Vanni Octavania, 2015
Jerman Di Bawah Pemerintahan Adolf Hitler
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
3.2 Persiapan Penelitian .................................................................................. 57
3.2.1 Penentuan dan Pengajuan Topik ............................................................ 57
3.2.2 Penyusunan Rancangan Penelitian ......................................................... 59
3.2.3 Mengurus Perizinan ............................................................................... 61
3.2.4 Menyiapkan Perlengkapan Penelitian .................................................... 61
3.2.5 Proses Bimbingan .................................................................................. 61
3.3 Pelaksanaan Penelitian .............................................................................. 62
3.3.1 Heuristik ................................................................................................. 62
3.3.2 Kritik ...................................................................................................... 64
3.3.3 Interpretasi .............................................................................................. 67
3.3.4 Historiografi ........................................................................................... 70
BAB IV JERMAN DI BAWAH PEMERINTAHAN HITLER : KAJIAN
HISTORIS GERAKAN OPOSISI TERHADAP PEMERINTAHAN
HITLER PADA TAHUN 1933-1945
4.1 Karakteristik Kepemimpinan Adolf Hitler ............................................... 72
4.1.1 Naziisme ................................................................................................. 73
4.1.2 Proses Adolf Hitler dalam Meraih Kekuasaan ....................................... 78
4.1.3 Cara Adolf Hitler dalam Mempertahankan Kepemimpinan .................. 82
4.2 Latar Belakang Munculnya Kelompok Oposisi ........................................ 87
4.2.1 Politik Rasialisme Adolf Hitler .............................................................. 87
4.2.2 Penerapan Wajib Militer oleh Adolf Hitler ............................................ 88
4.2.3 Ekspansi Jerman ke Kawasan Eropa ...................................................... 89
4.2.4 Kekhawatiran Rakyat Jerman atas Pendudukan Cekoslovakia .............. 91
4.2.5 Peristiwa Holocaust ................................................................................ 92
4.2.6 Penyimpangan Kebijakan Adolf Hitler .................................................. 94
4.2.7 Konflik antara Abwehr dan Gestapo ...................................................... 95
4.3 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi dalam Menggulingkan Pemerintahan
Adolf Hitler ............................................................................................... 98
4.3.1 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi pada Tahun 1938-1941 ................................ 98
4.3.1.1 Upaya Kudeta pada September 1938 .................................................. 98
4.3.1.2 Upaya Kudeta Kedua pada November 1939 ....................................... 107
Vanni Octavania, 2015
Jerman Di Bawah Pemerintahan Adolf Hitler
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
4.3.1.3 Percobaan Pembunuhan Hitler pada Tahun 1939-1941 ...................... 110
4.3.2 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi pada Tahun 1942-1943 ................................ 112
4.3.2.1 Upaya Kudeta Ketiga pada 13 Maret 1943 ......................................... 112
4.3.2.2 Upaya Kudeta Keempat pada 21 Maret 1943 ..................................... 116
4.3.2.3 Upaya Kudeta Kelima pada Desember 1943 ...................................... 118
4.4 Upaya Kelompok Oposisi pada Tahun 1944 ............................................ 121
4.4.1 Percobaan Pembunuhan Hitler pada Maret 1944 ................................... 121
4.4.2 Upaya Kudeta Keenam pada 20 Juli 1944 ............................................ 122
4.5 Dampak Munculnya Kudeta terhadap Kelangsungan
Pemerintahan Hitler ................................................................................. 139
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................... 145
5.2 Rekomendasi ............................................................................................. 149
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 150
LAMPIRAN
RIWAYAT HIDUP
Vanni Octavania, 2015
Jerman Di Bawah Pemerintahan Adolf Hitler
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu