Penyediaan Dan Karakterisasi Kitosan Dari Kulit Udang Lipan (Squilla Mantis) Sebagai Adsorben Untuk Menurunkan Kadar Kolesterol

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai penyediaan dan karakterisasi kitosan dari kulit
udang lipan (Squilla mantis) sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol.
Kitosan diperoleh melalui proses deasetilasi kitin. Kitosan yang diperoleh digunakan
sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol, dengan cara menambahakan
kitosan dengan variasi massa sebanyak 1, 3, 5 dan 7 gram ke dalam hasil ekstraksi
lemak dan dengan variasi waktu perendaman 15, 30, 45 dan 60 menit. Besarnya
kadar kolesterol dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Kromatografi Gas (KG).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan 1 gram kitosan , kadar
kolesterol akan menurun sebesar 12,43%; 19,28%; 25,57% dan 32,94%. Pada
penambahan 3 gram kitosan, kadar kolesterol akan menurun sebesar 14,37%;
25,46%; 32,18% dan 37,54%. Dengan penambahan 5 gram kitosan , kadar kolesterol
akan menurun sebesar 32,89%; 36,12%; 42,46% dan 48,57%. Dan dengan
penambahan 7 gram kitosan, kadar kolesterol akan menurun sebesar 28,75%;
32,54%; 35,23% dan 37,48%.
Kata Kunci : Udang Lipan, Kitosan,Absorben, Kolesterol

Universitas Sumatera Utara

THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN

FROM MANTIS SHELL (Squilla mantis) AS AN ADSORBENT
TO DECREASE CONCENTRATION OF CHOLESTEROL

ABSTRACT

A research about the manufacture and characterization of chitosan from mantis shells
(Callinectes Sapidus) as an adsorbent to decrease concentration of cholesterol has
been studied. Chitosan is obtained through the deacetylation process of chitin. That
chitosan used as adsorbent to decrease concentration of cholesterol by adding
chitosan with the variation of mass 1, 3, 5 and 7 grams into the result extraction of fat
and with the variation of immersion time 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The
concentration of cholesterol are analyzed by using Gas Chromatography (GC). The
result of research show that by adding 1 gram chitosan, concentration of chitosan
decreased 12,43%; 19,28%; 25,57% and 32,94% respectively. In addition 3 grams
chitosan, concentration of cholesterol decreased 14,37%; 25,46%; 32,18% and
37,54% respectively. By adding 5 grams chitosan, concentration of cholesterol
decreased 32,89%; 36,12%; 42,46% and 48,57% respectively. And by adding 7
grams chitosan, concentration of cholesterol decreased 28,75%; 32,54%; 35,23% and
37,48% resperctively.
Keyword : Squilla mantis, Chitosan, Absorbent, Cholesterol

Universitas Sumatera Utara