Kamus Bahasa Melayuung Inggeris. pdf

Berhad

memberangsangkan: to fill with vigour; to enliven

Limited

bentuk

form; shape; appearance

berbentuk: having the form of

berangus

berhala

membentuk: to form; to create; to mould idol; image; fetish; worshipped object pembentukan: formation; creation; establishment

muzzle

sebentuk: numerical coefficient for curved objects terbentuk: formed; established

keberanian: bravery

memberi: to give

continent

memberanikan: to encourage

memberikan: to give memberikan: to give

rebel; revolt

berus

pemberi: one who gives

brush

memberontak: to rebel; to revolt pemberontak: a rebel; an insurgent

memberus: to brush

pemberontakan: a rebellion; a revolt

beringin

banyan tree

besan

beroti

parents of a married couple

berita angin: rumour

bersih

big

berita kilat: newsflash

clean

memberitakan: to inform

besar hati: proud; elated

pemberita: reporter; journalist

kebersihan: cleanliness

besar kepala: stubborn; conceited; big-headed

membersihkan: to clean

besar mulut: boastful

pembersih: cleaner

besar-besaran: grand; on a large scale

pembersihan: act of cleaning

berbesar hati: grateful

beritahu

kebesaran: greatness

inform

membesar: to grow big membesar-besarkan: to exaggerate

memberitahu: to inform

bersin

membesarkan: to enlarge

pemberitahuan: announcement; notification

sneeze

membesarkan diri: to brag memperbesar: to enlarge or expand

pembesar: dignitary terbesar: largest

glower; scowl

memberkas: to bind; to arrest

besi

memberkaskan: to bind; to fasten

iron (metal)

bertih

rice fried in the husk

besi baja: steel besi berani: magnet

berkat

bertih jagung: popcorn

boon; benefit; blessing

memberkati: to bless

berudu well-bred; intelligent

tadpole

bernas

full (of grain); highly spirited (of speech); factual and convincing

besut

(of writing); fertile and productive (of cultivation)

refine metal

beruk

monkey

membesut: to refine metal; to spurt (of water or blood)

berontak berontak

beta

I; me (used by king)

berbeza: to differ; to be different berbeza-beza: differently

biasiswa

membeza-bezakan: to differentiate; to discriminate; to

scholarship

distinguish between

betah

membezakan: to differentiate

recovered; accustomed

perbezaan: difference; dissimilarity pembezaan: differentiation; discrimination; classification

how (emphasising the degree)

biadab

impolite; discourteous

biaya

kebiadaban: rudeness

cost; expenses

betik

dibiayai: defrayed

papaya

membiayai: to defray; to subsidise pembiayaan: financing; subsidisation

biak

pembiaya: the person who pays for the expenses

prolific; productive; fertile

betina

female

membiak: to multiply; to reproduce membiakkan: to breed; to rear

pembiakan: breeding; reproduction

sandbar; sandbank

biar

let; allow

bicara

discussion

membiarkan: to allow; to neglect; to ignore

betis

terbiar: neglected; ignored

berbicara: to discuss

calf (of leg) membicarakan: to discuss; to deliberate over; to preside over a court case pembicaraan: discussion perbicaraan: court hearing or trial

biara

betul

convent; monastery

correct; true

betul-betul: truly; exactly; really

bicu

kebetulan: by coincidence; by chance; incidentally

jack (for lifting heavy objects)

membetulkan: to correct; to rectify

bias

deflect; refract

pembetulan: correction

sebetulnya: in fact

biasan: refraction; diversion

membiaskan: to deflect; to refract

a large type of bamboo

biasa

habitual; usual; ordinary

bidadari

pembetungan: sewerage houri (beautiful woman of the Muslim paradise)

biasanya: usually kebiasaan: custom; habit; practice

membiasakan: to accustom; to familiarise

beza

bidai bidai

judicious; smart; wise

when; if

pawn

kebijakan: intelligence; smartness

bila-bila: whenever

blade (of knife or sword); lath; numerical coefficient for weapons bidalan: proverb

judicious; smart; wise

of sharpened metal

kebijaksanaan: wisdom; prudence

sesame seed

bidang

bilang

domain; field or range of activity; numeral coefficient for things

biji

calculate; count; tell; repeat

that are spread out and flat

seed; grain; pip; numerical coefficient for fruits and small spherical objects

bilangan: number; amount; quantity berbilang: several; numerous

berbiji: having seed

membilang: to count; to call out; to say

bidas

biji-bijian: cereals

sebilangan: a number of

criticise; spring back or rebound terbilang: counted; included; famous

membidas: to criticise; to spring back or rebound

rinse; wash; cleanse

bidik

bijih besi: iron ore

aim at

bijih timah: tin ore

membilas: to rinse or wash bilasan: cleansing; rinsing

membidik: to aim at

male singer

bloodshot eye

pageboy; valet

membikin: to make; to manufacture bikinan: product; creation

bimbang

biduanita

fearful; worried; anxious; nervous

female singer

biku

edging; trimming

kebimbangan: anxiety; worry membimbangkan: to cause anxiety kebimbangan: anxiety; worry membimbangkan: to cause anxiety

bimbing

bingung

lead; guide

bewildered; confused

bincut

kebingungan: bewilderment; confusion membimbing: to lead; to guide

bimbingan: guidance; tuition; advice

lump; swelling

membingungkan: to confuse; to puzzle; to perplex pembimbing: a guide or leader; adviser

carry dangling in the hand

berbini: married (for a man)

membimbit: to carry dangling in the hand

bingit

deafening

membingitkan: to deafen tmporarily

berbintang: starry

bingka

sebintang: compatible

a type of cake made from tapioca

membintangi: to act in a film

bina

perbintangan: astronomy; astrology construct; build

binaan: something built or constructed

bingkah

membina: to construct; to build

nugget; chunk

binti

pembina: builder

daughter of

pembinaan: construction

spot; dot

destroyed; ruined

berbintik: spotted; dotted

membinasakan: to destroy pembinasa: destroyer

bingung

pembinasaan: destruction

bewildered; confused

bintil

nodule; pimple

bounce; rebound

membingkas: to bounce; to rebound

biola

kebinatangan: animalistic characteristics; bestiality

parcel; package

blind or screen, esp. on roller, for window; balustrade berbincang: to discuss; to deliberate

bingkisan: a gift or present

berbincang-bincang: to discuss

membingkis: to send a gift or present accompanied by a letter membingkis: to send a gift or present accompanied by a letter

bisu

relationship between two brothers' wives or between two sisters'

mute or dumb

husbands

membisu: to remain silent

bohong

lie; bluff

biri-biri

berbohong: to lie

sheep

bisul

membohongi: to lie to; to deceive

boil; abscess

membohongkan: to denounce as a lie; to deny pembohong: liar pembohongan: a lie

biru lebam: blue black

bola

biru muda: light blue

membius: to anesthetise

ball

kebiru-biruan: bluish

pembiusan: anesthetisation

kebiruan: blueness

venom; malice berbolak-balik: to vacillate; to hesitate

membobok: to gurgle

membolak-balik: to twist and turn

berbisa: venomous; malicious

membobokkan: to put a child to sleep

can; able to; permitted to

whisper

leaking; a leak

boleh jadi: maybe

bisikan: a murmur; a whisper

kebocoran: leakage

berkebolehan: capable; talented

berbisik: to whisper

membocorkan: to cause a leak; to puncture

kebolehan: ability

membisikkan: to whisper

membolehkan: to permit; to allow seboleh-bolehnya: to the best of one's ability

pierced; penetrated; stripped off (hair, feathers, clothes, etc. kebisingan: noisiness

kebodohan: stupidity

memperbodohkan: to make a fool of

membising: to make noise

membolos: to abandon; to desert

bogel

biskop

nude; naked

bolot

bishop

wrap up

berbogel: nude; naked membogelkan: to undress

membolot: to wrap up; to bundle together; to win

bistari

expert; skilled

boh

bomba

cow's moo

fire brigade fire brigade

Malay medicine-man

hunchback

memborongkan: to sell wholesale pemborong: wholesaler

membongkok: to stoop; to humble oneself

membongkokkan: to bend; to stoop; to bow

bonceng

terbongkok-bongkok; doubled up

sponger; ride pillion

boros

extravagant

membonceng: to get a lift from; to sponge on somebody

memboncengkan: to give a lift to

bongsu

memboroskan: to waste

pembonceng: passenger

youngest (of children); lowest (of rungs of ladder or steps)

borosan: extravagance pemboros: spendthrift

a bulge; a lump

bosan

bored

kebosanan: boredom

boneka

boo

membosankan: to bore

doll; puppet

exclamation of disapproval

pembosan: one who is easily bored

membotakkan: to make bald

berbonggol: having a hump

bor

tool for drilling

boyak

bongkah

block or solid piece

drab; dull; uninteresting; tasteless

berbongkah-bongkah: in large chunks or pieces

borak

talk idly

boyot

pot-bellied

berborak: to talk idly

bongkak

arrogant; boastful

buah

borang

(1)fruit (2)numeral coefficient for large objects

form (document)

bongkar

unpack; unload

buah fikiran: opinion; thought buah hati: sweetheart buah-buahan: fruits

membongkar: to unpack; to unload

borek

berbuah: to bear fruit

bongkar-bangkir: in disorder

membongkar rahsia: to expose a secret membuahkan: to produce; to yield; to cause

speckled; spotted

membongkar sauh: to raise up the anchor

buah pinggang: kidney

terbongkar: forced open; exposed pembongkaran: disclosure; upheaval terbongkar: forced open; exposed pembongkaran: disclosure; upheaval

swing; rock; sway

buaya budaya

buaian: a cradle; a swing

crocodile

culture

berbuai-buai: to swing

membuai: to make something swing

buaya darat: thief; scoundrel

budayawan: cultured person

terbuai-buai: swinging; swaying; rocking

kebudayaan: culture

bubar

buak

disband; disperse; scatter

budi

effervescence

kindness; good deed

membubarkan: to disperse; to liquidate

pembubaran: liquidation; disbandment

budi bahasa: good manners budi bicara: discretion; common-sense

bual

budi pekerti: disposition; character

converse

berbudi: kind; wise; sensible

bubu

bualan: talk; chatter; conversation

fish-trap made of bamboo and rattan

berbual: to converse

perbualan: conversation

budiman

wise; generous

bubuh

put; add; affix

buang

discard; throw

membubuhi: to add; to affix

bugar

membubuhkan: to add; to affix

strong and healthy

membuang: to throw

membuangkan: to throw away; to discard terbuang: discarded buangan: something that has been discarded

berbuih: foaming

buas

savage; uncivilised; wild

bubul

membuas: act savagely

cobble; mend roughly

bujang

(1)celebate (2)unmarried man; bachelor

buasir

bubur

pile; haemorrhoid

porridge

bujuk

persuade; coax

bucu

bujukan: persuasion

buat

make; do or perform

corner; angle

membuat: to do; to make; to cause

buat sementara: temporarily

bujur

buatan: brand; manufactured by; product of

budak

oblong; oval; longitudinal

perbuatan: deed; act

child

pembuatan: manufacture; production membujur: to stretch out lengthwise buat-buatan: pretence

kebudak-budakan: childish

terbujur: stretched out lengthwise terbujur: stretched out lengthwise

(1)earth (2)dry land

membuka: to open

bulangan: ribbon

mengebumikan: to bury

membukakan: to expose; to open; to reveal

pengebumian: burial

pembukaan: opening terbuka: not covered; unlimited; public bukaan: an opening or aperture

bulat

circular; round; spherical buncit

distended; bloated

bulatan: (1)circle (2)traffic roundabout

bukan

membulatkan: to make circular or round

membuncitkan: to inflate

non-; not; does not

sebulat: unanimous

bukan-bukan: absurdity; nonsense

bundar

bulbul

round; globular

nightingale

bukit

membundarkan: to make something round hill

berbukit: hilly

buli-buli

berbukit-bukit: hilly

(1)small flask or jug (2)small gland

bunga

membukit: to pile up; to heap up

(1)flower (2)interest (monetary)

bunga api: sparklers

bulu

bunga-bungaan: all kinds of flowers

bukti

fur; body hair; feathers

berbunga: to produce flowers

evidence; proof

berbunga-bunga: floral; flowery

berbulu: hairy; feathery

membungai: to decorate

membuktikan: to prove

bulu babi: sea-urchin

terbukti: proven

bulu kambing: wool bulu kening: eyebrows

bungkal

lump; weight

buku

(1)book (2)loaf (of bread) (3)knot (in wood) (4)node

buluh

bamboo

buku lima: fist

bungkam

membukukan: to record; to note; to put into book form

quiet; speechless

pembukuan: an entry in a book

bulur

membungkam: to gag; to silence

hungry

pembungkam: silencer

bulan

kebuluran: starvation

(1)moon (2)month

bungkus

bulan madu: honeymoon

wrap up

bulan purnama: full moon

bulan sabit: crescent

bumbung

bungkusan: parcel; package

bulanan: monthly

roof

berbulan-bulan: for several months membungkus: to wrap

membumbung: to rise; to ascend

pembungkusan: packaging pembungkusan: packaging

membunuh: to kill

pembungkus: wrapper

pembunuh: killer; murderer pembunuhan: murder; killing terbunuh: killed

invisible forest elf or spirit

froth; foam

buntak

bunyi-bunyian: music

short and stout

berbunyi: to sound

berbusa: to froth; to foam

membunyikan: to produce a sound

membusa: to pant; to puff

sebunyi: of the same sound

buntal

(1)bloated; pot-bellied (2)globe-fish

busuk

buru

rotten; bad; putrid

hunt

membusuk: to give out a strong bad odour

berburu: to hunt

buntang

membusukkan: to disgrace or defame; to putrefy

memburu: to hunt

wide open and staring (of eyes)

kebusukan: decay; badness

pemburu: hunter

membuntang: to stare wide-eyed

pemburuan: a hunt perburuan: prey terburu-buru: in great haste

busung

bloated; distended

buntil

cloth knapsack

buruh

labourer; worker

busur

perburuhan: labour

bow (for shooting arrows)

bunting

pregnant (of animals)

buruj

busut

constellation of stars

molehill; anthill

buntu

blocked or closed

kebuntuan: deadlock

buruk

buta

bad; ugly

blind

buruk laku: ill-mannered

buta huruf: illiterate

buntut

membuta: (1)to sleep soundly (2)to act blindly bottom or buttocks

buruk makan: gluttonous

buruk sangka: prejudiced

buruk siku: to take back what has been given

membuntuti: to trail; to follow

keburukan: ugliness; badness; wickedness memburukkan: to worsen; to aggravate

berbunuhan: killing of one another (1)item; fact; point (2)numeral coefficient for small round objects berbunuhan: killing of one another (1)item; fact; point (2)numeral coefficient for small round objects

mencabut: to pull out; to extract by pulling

cadang

mencabut nyawa: to take a life

intend

buyung

mencabut undi: to draw lots

earthenware

tercabut: has been pulled out

bercadang: intend cadangan: proposal; suggestion

mencadangkan: to propose; to plan; to suggest pencadang: proposer

cacah

C tattoo

bercacah: tattooed

cadar

mencacah: to tattoo

upright or erect (for pole)

lift up (e.g. snake's head about to strike)

cabang

branch

mencacak: to plant upright

mencaduk: to lift up (e.g. snake's head about to strike)

mencacakkan: to plant upright

bercabang: having branches

tercacak: upright or erect

bercabang-cabang: having many branches

cagar

deposit; mortgage

cagaran: a deposit

challenge mencagarkan: to pawn; to mortgage; to deposit as security

bercacar: vaccinated against smallpox

cabaran: a challenge

pencacaran: vaccination against smallpox

mencabar: to challenge pencabar: challenger

cagut

peck or eat with beak

cacat

defective; handicapped; deformed

mencagut: to peck or eat with beak

cabik

tattered; ragged; torn

cacat akal: mentally retarded kecacatan: a handicap or defect

mencabik: to tear or rip

mencacati: to abuse; to deface; to deform

cahaya

mencabikkan: to tear or rip

light; radiance

bercahaya: giving out light

caci

cabul

scorn; abuse

indecent; disgusting

cacian: an abusive remark

cair

mencabul: to molest

bercaci-cacian: to exchange abusive remarks

liquid

mencabuli: to molest

mencaci: to scorn; to abuse

pencabulan: violation; molestation

cairan: solution; dilution mencairkan: to liquefy; to melt; to dilute

pencairan: liquefaction

(1) to pull out (2) to flee

cakah

cabut lari: to leave immediately cabut lari: to leave immediately

mencalit: to smear or smudge

campur

mencalitkan: to smear or smudge

mix

campur tangan: interfere

cakap

campuran: mixture; combination

talk; speak

calon

bercampur: to be involved; to associate

candidate

bercampur baur: mixed (feelings)

bercakap: to talk; to speak

bercampur gaul: to mingle

bercakap-cakap: to chat

mencalonkan: to nominate

mencampur: to mix

percakapan: conversation; talk

pencalonan: nomination

mencampuradukkan: to mix up; to muddle up mencampuri: to mix with; to associate with

mencampurkan: to mix tercampur: mixed; blended

cakar

calung

(1) a claw (2) claw or scratch

dipper; ladle; cup for collecting latex

bercakar: to argue

canai

mencakar: to scratch; to claw

grind; polish

pencakar langit: skyscraper

cam

recognise; identify batu canai: whet-stone; grinding wheel roti canai: a flat Malaysian bread made from wheat

mengecam: to recognise; to identify

mencanai: to roll out the dough; to grind; to polish

cakera

mengecamkan: to ascertain the identity of

wheel; disc

pengecaman: identification

cakera padat: compact disc

mencanangkan: to announce

universe; firmament

cambah

candat

burgeon; begin to grow rapidly

cakup

grapnel

catch something by using hand or mouth

bercambah: germinate; sprout mencambahkan: to sow

mencakup: to catch something using hand or mouth

percambahan: germination

abrasion; scratch

spoon

cangak

calar-balar: badly scratched

look up

bercalar: having been scratched

mencalarkan: to scratch

campak

mencangak: to look up

tercalar: injured by being scratched

(1) throw; fling; hurl (2) measles

mencampak: to throw; to fling mencampakkan: to throw away; to fling; to hurl; to cast away

canggah

calit

tercampak: thrown

(1) fork (2) dissent

smear or smudge bercanggah: in opposition; conflicting; forked calitkan: to smear with

bercanggahan: in opposition; conflicting; forked percanggahan: opposition; conflict bercanggahan: in opposition; conflicting; forked percanggahan: opposition; conflict

mencari: to search; to look for

(1) sophisticated (2) excessively talkative

mencantikkan: to beautify

mencari-cari: to search; to look for mencarikan: to look for

kecanggihan: sophistication

tercari-cari: looking for; searching pencarian: livelihood

cantum

coalesce; join together; come together

canggung

gauche; awkward; clumsy

bercantum: to join together; to coalesce; to come together

carigali

mencantumkan: to join; to merge; to bring together

exploration

percantuman: merger; union tercantum: joined together

mencarigali: to explore

stamp; print; trade mark

tear or rip

cangkir

mencarik-carikkan: to tear into small pieces small cup

cap jari: fingerprint

cap mohor: royal or official seal mengecap: to imprint; to stamp a mark or brand

cangkuk

carta

chart; map; table; diagram

hook

capai

achieve; attain; accomplish

mencangkuk: to hook mencangkukkan: to attach hooks to

mencapai: to achieve; to attain; to accomplish

tercangkuk: hooked

caruk

pencapaian: achievement; accomplishment; attainment tercapai: achieved gorge; eat greedily

fee; subscription

sandals

mencangkul: to hoe; to dig

caruman: fee; subscription

lame; limping

carut

tercapik-capik: limping obscenity

mencangkung: to squat

mencarut: to talk obscenely

cantas

cara

way; means; method

to prune, trim or lop

cas

electrical charge

mencantas: to prune, trim or lop

secara: by way of; like; resembling

cat cat

bercat: painted mengecat: to paint

cawangan

cecair

branch (e.g. of office)

liquid

catat

note down; jot down

mencatat: to note down; to jot down

catatan: a note

bercawat: to wear a loincloth

mencatatkan: to note down; to jot down

pencatat: registrar

pout; jeer; mock

catu

ration

mencebik: to pout; to jeer; to mock

mencebikkan: to pout cedera

catuan: a ration; a fixed allowance

injure

mencatukan: to ration

pencatuan: rationing

kecederaan: injury

cebis mencederakan: to injure; to hurt tercedera: injured; wounded

bit; piece

catuk

cebisan: a small piece or quantity

peck with beak

cedok

mencatuk: to peck with beak

scoop up

cebok

mencedok: to scoop up

(1) water dipper (2) wash up after defaecating or urinating

pencedok: a scoop

catur

mencebok: to wash the lower part of the body after defaecating

chess

or urinating

cegah

deter; prevent

catut

mencegah: to deter; to prevent; to hinder pincers

pencegah: something that prevents; preventive

cebur

pencegahan: prevention

plunge

cauk

mencebur: to plunge

dimple

menceburi: to get involved in; to plunge into

cegat

menceburkan: to plunge into; to get involved in

stand erect or upright

tercegat: stand erect or upright

dip lightly

cekah

mencecah: to dip lightly

to crack or split

cawan

mencecahkan: to touch something lightly

cup cup

amount one can hold with thumb and finger

cekup celaru

secekak: amount one can hold with thumb and finger

cover or catch something with the palm

disorganised; disorderly

bercekak: with arms akimbo

bercekak pinggang: standing with arms akimbo

mencekup: to cover or catch something with the palm

bercelaru; disorganised; disorderly

mencekak: to hold between thumb and finger

mencelarukan: to disorganise

cela

cekal

fault; blame; flaw; misdeed

celepa

resolute; firm; determined metal containers for cigarettes, tobacco, etc

celaan: criticism; rebuke

cekal hati: stout-hearted; steadfast

mencela: to blame; to criticise; to rebuke mencelakan: to blame; to criticise; to rebuke

tercela: despicable

celik

open (eyes); wake up

cekang

stiff; taut; tight

mencelik mata: to open the eyes

celaan

mencelikkan: to open the eyes

severe criticism and rebuke

cekap

efficient; proficient; competent

celopar

celah

talkative; out-spoken; very frank

kecekapan: competence; efficiency

interspace; slit; crevice; cleft

ketidakcekapan: incompetent

mencelah: to interrupt

clutch at; grasp at

celak

berceloteh: to chatter

eye-liner

mencekau: to clutch at; to grasp at

celungap

celaka

eat greedily

cekik

fatal; fateful; inauspicious; damn

choke; strangle

kecelakaan: misfortune; accident

mencekik darah: daylight robbery

mencelakakan: to cause misfortune; to ruin

tercekik: choking; to be choked

celup

dip in liquid; dye

mencelup: to dip; to immerse temporarily

celana

mencelupkan: to dip; to immerse temporarily

cekuh

trousers

pencelup: dye

hold with the hand

pencelupan: act of dipping

mencekuh: to hold with the hand

immerse in boiling water; scald

cekung

mencelapak: to straddle

concave

mencelur: to scald mencelur: to scald

bercendawan: mouldy

whip

celus

penetrate or slip in

cendekia

cemik

intellectual; learned

mencelus: to penetrate; to slip in

pout lips to sneer

cendekiawan: an intellectual

mencemik: to pout one's lips to sneer or tease mencemikkan: to pout; to sneer

cemar

contaminated; impure; polluted

cendera

(1) moon (2) deity

mencemari: to contaminate; to pollute

cempaka

mencemarkan: to dirty; to tarnish

a type of tree with sweet-smelling flowers

pencemaran: pollution; contamination tercemar: contaminated; polluted

a fruit resembling the jackfruit

cemara

wig; artificial hair

cenderawasih

bird of paradise

cemuh

flout or disobey openly; ridicule

cemas

dreaded; frightened; worried; desperate

mencemuhkan: to ridicule

cenderung

inclined or sloping

kecemasan: emergency; urgency

mencemaskan: to cause fear kecenderungan: tendency; inclination

cencaluk

prawn pickle

cembul

cendol

container; receptacle

a drink made of jelly-like strands of dough and coconut milk

cencang

chop or mince

cembung

mencencang: to chop or mince

tercengang-cengang: amazed

cencorot

cemburu

musk-shrew or shrew-mouse

jealous

cengkadak

praying mantis

kecemerlangan: excellence; glory; glow; radiance

grasp or clutch tightly

cendawan

mushroom

cengkaman: grasp; grip; clutch; stranglehold mencengkam: to grasp; to clutch cengkaman: grasp; grip; clutch; stranglehold mencengkam: to grasp; to clutch

a lecture or talk

club-footed

berceramah: to lecture

cengkeram

penceramah: speaker

deposit

cepu

small ornamental casket

cerana

cengkerama

cepudebunga: anther

metal box

amuse

bercengkerama: to amuse

cricket or cicada (insect)

clove (spice)

ceracau

cerca

mutter or talk nonsense

scorn; insult

cengkung

menceracau: to mutter or talk nonsense; to cry in one's sleep

mencerca: to scorn; to insult

sunken or hollow (of eyes or cheeks)

bright; fair (light-coloured); fine (weather); promising

apt; intelligent

cliff

kecerdasan: intelligence

cerai

cepat

divorce; separate; scatter

quick; fast; early

cerdik

ceraian: section of a written law or agreement

bright; clever; intelligent

kecepatan: quickness; speed

bercerai: divorced; to part

mempercepatkan: to quicken; to speed up

bercerai-berai: scattered; broken up

kecerdekan: intelligence

secepat: as quickly as

menceraikan: to divorce; to separate perceraian: separation; divorce

cerek cepiau

tercerai: separated; scattered

kettle

hat with strings that tie under the chin; bonnet

cerakin

cereka cepoa

to analyse

mencerakin: to analyse

story; fiction

mencerakinkan: to analyse

fussy; fastidious fussy; fastidious

muzzle (of firearm)

cigar

kecergasan: agility; alertness

bercetai-cetai: tattered

bercerita: to tell a story

cerpen

menceritakan: to narrate

short story

penceritaan: narration of a story

cetak

cerpenis: short story writer

print

cetak rompak: piracy (in printing)

cermat

cetakan: edition; print (noun)

careful; cautious; thrifty

cerucuk

mencetak: to print

pile driven into the ground

percetakan: printing

mencermatkan: to economise

cermin mata: spectacles cerminan: reflection

ceti

bercermin: having a mirror

ceruh

money lender

mencerminkan: to reflect; to give an impression of

to pound (rice)

menceruh: to pound (rice)

cetus

cerna

outburst (of feeling); outbreak

digest

ceruk

nook; corner

cetusan: outburst; outbreak

mencernakan: to digest pencernaan: digestion mencetuskan: to cause an outburst

cerun

ceroboh

steep slope (at edge of plateau)

(1) trespass; gatecrash; intrude (2) graceless

kecerunan: gradient; steepness

cicak

lizard

menceroboh: to trespass

penceroboh: trespasser; intruder pencerobohan: intrusion

cerut

(1) cheroot (2) to tie tightly; to strangle with rope

cicit

great grandchild

cerobong

mencerut: to tie up tightly; to strangle

mencerut leher: to strangle

mencicit: to squeak

ship's funnel; chimney ship's funnel; chimney

create; invent

cicir

ciptaan: creation

coklat

drop or fall out

mencipta: to create; to invent

brown; chocolate

pencipta: creator; author

berciciran: dropping scatteredly

penciptaan: the creation of

keciciran: drop-out

tercipta: created; composed

mencicirkan: to scatter little by little

cokmar

tercicir: left behind; dropped out; lagged behind

ceremonial mace

bercirikan: featured; characterised

colek

Miss

mencirikan: to characterise

a bit

secolek: a bit mencolek: to touch; to scrape up

sapodilla (fruit)

cita-cita

ambition

bercita-cita: ambitious

colok

citarasa: taste; flavour

(1) kiss (2) smell

bercium: (1) to kiss (2) to smell ciuman: (1) a kiss (2) a sniff; a smell

bercium-ciuman: to exchange kisses

comot

mencium: (1) to kiss (2) to smell; to sniff

dirty; grubby

cinta

tercium: (1) kissed accidentally (2) sniffed; smelt

love

bercinta: in love; having feeling of love

compang-camping

mencintai: to love

cocok

in rags or tatters (clothes)

pencinta: lover; fan; admirer

suitable; agreeable; compatible

pencinta alam: nature lover

percintaan: love affair tercinta: loved

secocok: suitable; agreeable; compatible; identical; similar

condong

incline; slant

cogan

kecondongan: inclination

cipan

mencondongkan: to slant; to incline (1) battle-axe (2) tapir

ensign

cogan kata: slogan; motto cogan kata: slogan; motto

coreng-moreng: full of streaks and scratches

mencubit: to pinch

count mentally

bercoreng: streaked

secubit: a pinch (very small amount) cubitan: a pinch

congkak

coret

conceited; proud

scribble or scrawl

cuci

(1)wash (2)develop (a film)

mencuci: to wash

conteng

corong

cucian: laundry or washing

doodle

funnel; chimney; microphone

menconteng: to doodle on mencontengkan: to doodle

cucu-cicit: grandchild and great grandchild

contoh

example; sample; model

cota

mencontohi: to take as an example

baton

cucuh

percontohan: specimen; sample

ignite

mencucuh: to ignite

cuaca

mencucuhkan: to set fire to

copet

pencucuh: igniter

weather; climate

pickpocket

mencopet: to pickpocket pencopet: a pickpocket

cuai

cucuk

careless; negligent

prick; inject; pierce

mencucuk: to prick; to inject; to poke

kecuaian: carelessness; negligence

corak

mencuaikan: to neglect; to act carelessly

tercucuk: pricked; pierced; stabbed

design; pattern; colour

bercorak: having designs and colour

mencorakkan: to design

afraid; nervous

corat-coret

sketch; scrawl

cuba

cucur

flow; trickle; sprinkle

try; attempt

bercucuran: to flow; to gush

corek

mencucuri: to pour on; to sprinkle on scratch

cubaan: an attempt; an experiment

mencuba: to try; to attempt; to test

mencucurkan: to sprinkle

percubaan: act of trying

scratch or streak

pinch

beckon with finger beckon with finger

menculik: to kidnap penculik: kidnapper penculikan: kidnapping

curam cuka

kecuraman: steepness

cuka getah: formic acid

only; merely

mencuram: to steepen

percuma: free (without any charge)

insincere; disloyal; dishonest

cumbu

cukai pendapatan: income tax

praise; flatter; caress; kiss

kecurangan: dishonesty

cukai pintu: assessment

mencurangi: to deceive

cukai kepala: levy

cumbuan: smooch; flattery; caress; kiss

cukai tanah: quit rent

bercumbu-cumbuan: smooch

mencukai: to tax

bercumbuan: to flirt

mencuri: to steal

enough; exactly

pant

kecurian: stolen; theft pencuri: thief

cukup bulan: end of the month

tercungap: panting

cukup letih: exhausted

tercungap-cungap: panting

cukup umur: having reached the required age mencukupi: enough; sufficient; adequate

curiga

mencukupkan: to supplement; to make sufficient

suspicious; questionable

cungkil

pick; dig out; extract

kecurigaan: suspicion mencurigai: to suspect; to distrust

cukur

mencungkil: to pick; to dig out; to extract

mencurigakan: to arouse suspicion

shave

bercukur: to shave mencukur: to shave

cupak

curut

pencukur: shaver; person who shaves

a cubic measure

cigar; cheroot

horn of rhinoceros

ear-lobe

leave; holiday; vacation

cuti am: public holiday bercuti: to be on holiday

culas

curah

percutian: vacation; holiday

lazy

pour

mencurah: to pour curahan: downpour; outpour

culik

mencurahi: to pour on

kidnap

mencurahkan: to pour out mencurahkan: to pour out

mendahulukan: to advance or bring forward to beat or thump

dagang

foreign; alien; trade

pendahuluan: a preface; an advance (of payment, etc.) terdahulu: earlier

dagangan: merchandise berdagang: to trade

dacing

memperdagangkan: to commercialise; to trade in something pedagang: trader; merchant

weighing scale or balance

daif

perdagangan: trade; commerce

weak; feeble; humble; lowly

kedaifan: weakness; incompetence

meat; flesh

dajal

mendada: to walk proudly; to strut

embrace or hug

dahaga

berdakap: to embrace or hug

dadak

thirsty

dakapan: a hug

sudden; abrupt berdakap-dakapan: embracing one another

mendahagakan: to cause thirst

mendakap: to embrace or hug

hum; clear throat

(1)dirt or stain (2)climb

berdaham: to hum; to clear throat especially to attract attention

pendakian: a climb mendaki: to climb or ascend

dadu

pendaki: climber

dice

terdaki: to manage to climb

dahan

branch (of plant)

kedaerahan: regionalism

dahi

forehead

dakwaan: summons; accusation; indictment mendakwa: to accuse; to indict; to charge

pendakwa: prosecutor; complainant pendakwaan: prosecution; summons

horrible; awful; terrible

berdaftar: registered

dakwah

mendaftar: to register or enrol

sermon or preaching

mendaftarkan: to register or enrol

pendaftar: registrar

dahulu

pendaftaran: registration

before; former; of the past; earlier

berdakwah: to preach pendakwah: preacher

dahulu kala: long ago mendahului: to be ahead dahulu kala: long ago mendahului: to be ahead

peace; tranquility

berdamai: to make peace kedamaian: peace; tranquility mendamaikan: to pacify

dangkal

dakyah

pendamai: peacemaker; mediator

shallow; unintelligent

propaganda

perdamaian: peace

kedangkalan: shallowness; superficiality

dalal

damak

fee or commission

dart (for blow-pipe)

(1)inside; in (2)deep

resin

dapat

earn; get as reward; gain as interest; can (be able to) dalamnya: depth; profundity mendalam: profound; detailed

mendapat: to receive; to obtain

mendalami: to probe further

dampar

mendapati: to realise; to discover

mendalamkan: deepen

mendapatkan: to get; to communicate pedalaman: hinterland; interior

cast ashore; stranded

pendapat: opinion

sedalam: as deep as

terdampar: washed ashore; stranded

pendapatan: income

sedalam-dalamnya: as thoroughly as possible sedapat-dapatnya: if possible; as far as possible terdapat: found; discovered

damping

dalang

intimate (friendship)

mastermind

dapur

berdampingan: adjacent; adjoining; side by side; close to

kitchen; stove

mendalangi: to mastermind

mendampingi: to stand next to; to flank

maiden; virgin

equivocation; pretext

and

berdalih: to give excuses berdalih-dalihan: to blame one another

darab

mendalihkan: to feign; to pretend

mendarabkan: to multiply pendarab: multiplier

coiffure; hair-style

darah

dandanan: coiffure; make-up; outfit

blood

dam

berdandan: adorned

draughts (board game)

mendandan: to adorn

darah daging: blood relation darah muda: youthful darah panas: hot-headed darah tinggi: hypertension darah daging: blood relation darah muda: youthful darah panas: hot-headed darah tinggi: hypertension

memperdayakan: to cheat or deceive sedarah: of the same family line

datang

come or arrive

berdaya: to have the ability sedaya: to the extent possible

mendatang: to come or appear suddenly

terdaya: capable of

kedatangan: arrival

terperdaya: tricked; deceived

darat

mendatangi: to pay a visit; to attack; to invade

land

mendatangkan: to bring about pendatang: immigrant

daratan: mainland

dayang

mendarat: to land

court maiden

mendaratkan: to bring something to land pendaratan: landing

datar

flat; even

dayu

dataran: plain; area of flat land

rumble; moan

dari

mendatar: horizontal; level or flat

from (place or time)

mendayu: to rumble; to moan

datin

daripada

a title of distinction for woman

dayung

from (person)

oar

berdayung: rowing (boat)

datuk

mendayung: to row

darjah

(1)grandfather (2)title of distinction for man and woman

pendayung: oarsman

degree; standard; class

man whose wife has committed adultery status; rank

majesty; kingly power

berdaulat: sovereign; supreme

sedarjat: of equal status debar

berdarjat: of high rank or status

kedaulatan: sovereignty

palpitation or throbbing

daun

debaran: throbbing or palpitation

darurat

leaf

berdebar: to throb or palpitate

emergency mendebarkan: to cause to palpitate

berdaun: having leaves

das

debu

gun or rifle shot

dawai

dust; dirt

wire

berdebu: dusty

mendawaikan: to connect wires in pendawaian: wiring

dasar

base; policy; underlying principle

debunga

berdasarkan: based upon

pollen

daya

power; capacity; ability

mendebungakan: to pollinate mendebungakan: to pollinate

delima

dengar

(1) ruby (2) pomegranate

hear or listen

debus

mendengar: to hear or listen

whistling or rustling sound

kedengaran: audible

demam

mendengarkan: to listen to; to overhear

fever

memperdengarkan: to let someone hear pendengar: listener

pendengaran: sense of hearing

dedah

divulge; expose; reveal

demi

mendedahkan: to introduce; to expose; to reveal

(1) for (2) when (3) one by one (4) by (for oath or vow)

pendedahan: revelation; exposure

dengki

terdedah: exposed

berdemi: to swear by the name of God

jealousy; envy

berdengki-dengkian: jealous; envious mendengki: to envy; to spite

dedak

demikian

kedengkian: jealousy; envy

bran

thus; hence; therefore

squeal; yelp (of a dog)

stubborn; obstinate

spoor; track or scent left by an animal

berdengking: to yelp; to squeal mendengking: to yelp; to squeal

kedegilan: stubbornness

denda

fine (imposed for offence)

dekah

dengkur snore

guffaw; loud laughter

berdengkur: to snore

dendam

revenge; grudge; spite

dekan

dean

berdendam: having a grudge

dengung

mendendami: to have a grudge against

buzzing sound

pendendam: the person who has a grudge

berdengung: to buzz

berdekatan: nearby

singing happily and for fun

dengus

kedekatan: proximity

a snort

mendekati: to come close to

berdendang: to sing gaily

berdekat: to be nearby

dendangan: singing

terdekat: nearest

mendendangkan: to sing for someone

dengut

emit a long murmur

delapan

dengan

eight

with

denting denting

berderam-deram: to rumble

menderita: to suffer

menderam: to growl

penderitaan: suffering

dentum

an explosive sound

derap

derma

dentuman: a loud bang

(1)footstep (2)pattering sound

donation

berdentum: to make a loud bang

dermawan: philanthropist menderma: to donate

deras

mendermakan: to donate something

rapid; quick; swift

penderma: donor

denyut

beat (heart) or throb

denyutan: a beat (heart); a throb; pulsation

derau

dermaga

berdenyut: to pulsate; to throb; to beat (heart)

sound of wind in the rain

wharf or dock

fathom; length measured by outstretched arms

row or line

roar

mendepakan: to stretch the arms out sideways

deretan: rows (of houses)

menderu: to roar

berderet: in rows

deruan: a roar

berderet-deret: lined up in rows

berderetan: lined up in rows

depan

sederet: in a single row or line

di depan: in front ke depan: to the front

derhaka

berdepan: face to face

disloyal; treacherous

mengedepankan: to bring forward; to propose

desak

terdepan: foremost

menderhaka: to betray

insist or urge; jostle; press

terkedepan: first in line

penderhaka: traitor penderhakaan: betrayal; treachery

desakan: pressure; compelling force mendesak: to push; to urge terdesak: desperate

sense (e.g. sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch)

deraan: punishment

desas-desus

mendera: to punish; to abuse

heresay; rumour

dering

a chime or burr

berdering: to ring (of phone); to chirp

whistle of the wind

a growl

suffering or distress

rustle of leaves; hissing or sizzling sound rustle of leaves; hissing or sizzling sound

he or she; him or her; it; his

you

desur

babbling sound

diam

dikit

(1)silent or quiet (2)inhabit or live

a few; a little

diam ubi: quiet but diligent person

berdikit-dikit: bit by bit

detak

diam-diam: secretly; quietly

throbbing or thumping

kediaman: residence mendiami: to reside or inhabit

mendiamkan: to silence

dinding

mendiamkan diri: to become silent

wall

pendiam: quiet person

detik

terdiam: become speechless or silent

second or moment; tick

pendinding: a screen or partition

berdindingkan: walled

berdetik: ticking mendindingi: to enclose within a wall terdetik: ticking

dian

dingin dewa

candle

cold

male deity or god

diang

kedinginan: coldness

mendewa-dewakan: to show excessive devotion

bask

berdiang: to bask

dewan

hall; council

dinihari

didih

before dawn

Dewan Negara: Senate

boil

Dewan Rakyat: House of Representatives (Lower House of

Parliament)

mendidih: to boil

educate or train; bring up (children); breed

diri

kedewasaan: adulthood

didikan: educational training; upbringing

(1) oneself (2) stand

berpendidikan: educated mendidik: to educate; to train; to teach; to nurture

berdiri: to stand

pendidik: teacher; educator

mendirikan: to build; to erect

dewi

pendidikan: education

pendirian: standpoint

female deity or goddess

terdidik: educated; well brought up

terdiri: to consist of terdiri: to consist of

Disember

mendongak: to tilt the head upwards

duduknya: situation

December

mendongakkan: to tilt the head upwards

berpenduduk: populated bersekedudukan: to live together kedudukan: situation; position menduduki: to occupy for residence

doa

dongeng

mendudukkan: to place; to seat

prayer

fable; myth

terduduk: to flop down penduduk: inhabitant

berdoa: to beg; to pray

dongengan: fable; myth

mendoa: to beg; to pray mendoakan: to pray for

impel; urge into being interested; motivate

dobi

menduga: to guess

laundry or dhobi

mendorong: to impel; to urge; to motivate

dugaan: anticipation; conjecture; trials

dorongan: urging; motivation; encouragement

pendorong: one who impels terdorong: motivated

mendodoikan: to sing to sleep

berdosa: to be sinful

sadness; grief; sorrow

dodol

a sweet Malay delicacy

duka lara: sorrowful kedukaan: sorrow

dua sejoli: lovebirds

dukacita

berdua: both

feeling sorry; sad

kedogolan: baldness

berdua-dua: two by two

mendogolkan: to make bald

berdua-duaan: the only pair

berdukacita: to grieve

kedua: second

mendukacitakan: to aggrieve

menduakan: to make two of

dompet

purse; wallet

dukun

dubur

medicine man

carry astride the back or waist

dondang-sayang: a traditional Malay song sung alternately by

widower

two persons mendukung: to carry astride the back or waist berdukung: to be seated astride the back or waist

pendukung: one who carries something or someone astride the

duduk

back or waist

dongak

(1)to sit (2)to stay or reside

tilt the head upwards tilt the head upwards

dulang

tray

kedutaan: embassy

eja

mendulang: to pan for ores

spell

duyun

mengeja: to spell

in a swarm or crowd

ejaan: spelling

duli

your majesty; dust

berduyun-duyun: in a swarm or crowd

ejek

jeer; mock

mengejek: to mock; to jeer ejekan: mockery

kedunguan: stupidity

one; sole

world

dwibahasa: bilingual dwibulanan: bimonthly

duniawi: worldly

dwimata: binocular

keduniaan: worldliness

dwipihak: bipartite

ekanada

sedunia: the whole world

dwitahunan: biennial

berduri: thorny

edar

circulate; distribute

beredar: to circulate; to distribute

evil; wicked

mengedar: to circulate; to distribute edaran: cycle; circulation; rotation

mengedari: to revolve around

ekor

mengedarkan: to distribute; to ciculate

tail; numeral coefficient for animals

dusta

pengedar: distributor

a lie; untrue statement

pengedaran: distribution

ekoran: consequence; result

peredaran: circulation; rotation; revolution; orbit

berekor: having a tail

berdusta: to lie

mengekor: hang like a tail

mendustai: to lie to

mengekori: to tail; to follow closely

eh

dusun ela

exclamation of enquiry

orchard

yard (measure of length)

ehwal

matters; affairs

duta

elak elak

centrifugal; off course

Encik

mengelak: to dodge; to avoid; to evade

emparan: centrifuge

Mr.

mengelakkan: to evade; to dodge; to avoid

heed; pay attention to

beautiful; good

berempat: group of four

mengendahkan: to heed

mengelokkan: to beautify

keempat: fourth

memperelokkan: to beautify seelok-eloknya: the best or most appropriate way

mengendap: to wait in ambush

mother

emping

flake (e.g. of snow); sweetmeat made from unripe rice fried and

endul

emas

pounded flat

cradle

gold

keemasan: golden

empuk enggan

soft; tender

unwilling; reluctant

embek

keengganan: unwillingness; reluctance cry of a sheep, goat or calf

empulur

mengembek: to bleat

pith (of stem or fruit)

berembun: wet with dew

you; your

raise a fishing-line slowly

crank of a machine

empangan: dam

enau

kind of palm

engsot

move slightly and slowly

empar empar

enjal

Eropah

cram or stuff

Europe; of European origin

faharasat

mengenjal: to cram or stuff (as of food into the mouth)

index to a book

don't know

bererti: having a meaning

dawn

dimengerti: understood

entah-entah: maybe

mengerti: to understand pengertian: understanding seerti: synonym

fakir

religious beggar

enteng

light; easy

esa

keentengan: ease; lightness

sole; only one

falak

universe; astronomy

ephemeral; short-lived

keesokan: the next day

eram

brood; sit on eggs to hatch them; incubate

faraj

vagina

mengerami: to sit on eggs to hatch them pengeraman: incubation

faedah

fardu

benefit; interest (on money)

duty; obligation

erang

a groan or moan

berfaedah: beneficial; useful

mengerang: to groan or moan

erangan: a moan or groan

fasal

(1)clause in a treaty, law or contract (2)about

fahaman: understanding; comprehension; doctrine

tight; firm

fasih

berfahaman: school of thought kefahaman: understanding fluent; eloquent

mengeratkan: to tighten; to strengthen

memahami: to understand

kefasihan: fluency

pemahaman: understanding pemahaman: understanding

libel; slander; defamation

gadang

memfitnah: to slander; to libel

(1)colossal; immense (2)large round tray used for winnowing

memfitnahkan: to slander; to libel

fikah

law based on Muslim theology

gading

foya

ivory; tusk

revel; enjoy oneself

fikir

think

berfoya-foya: to relax; to enjoy oneself

gadis

fikiran: opinion; thought

girl; virgin

berfikir: to think berfikiran: having the ability to think and to form opinions

furak

kegadisan: virginity; purity

memikirkan: to think over; to ponder

difference; dissimilarity

pemikiran: thinking terfikir: remembered sefikiran: having the same opinion

G gado-gado

(1) a Malay dish made from vegetables (2) mixed up; disorderly

gabung

Filipina

join together; unite; combine

of the Philippines

gaduh

gabungan: affiliation; combination; merger

(1) quarrel (2) noise; uproar

bergabung: to affiliate; united menggabungkan: to affiliate; to combine

bergaduh: to quarrel

firasah

pergaduhan: a quarrel

hunch; intuitive feeling; premonition

gallant; brave; strong; mighty

clairvoyance kegagahan: strength; might; bravery

gada

menggagahi: to force; to compel; to conquer

club used for fighting

paradise; heaven

gagal

gadai

failed; unsuccessful

pawn; mortgage

firman

kegagalan: failure

divine decree

gadaian: a pledge

menggagalkan: to fail (another person)

bergadai: to mortgage; to pawn

menggadaikan: to mortgage; to pawn menggadaikan: to mortgage; to pawn

galur

handle; cradle (of telephone); stem

furrow; groove

gajus

cashew nut

manggalurkan: to explain

gagap

stammer; stutter

gak

gamak

tergagap: stammering

caw (e.g. of a rook)

estimate

menggamak: to estimate tergamak: willing; able

gagas

gala

to have an idea

a type of resin

gagasan: idea; plan

gamam

nervous; stunned

galah

pole

tergamam: nervous; stunned

gagau

grope

bergalah: using a pole sepenggalah: a pole's length

menggagau: to grope

gamang

suffering from acrophobia (fear of heights)

of royal descent

gamat

galakan: encouragement

noisy; unruly; chaotic

menggalakkan: to encourage

penggalak: one who encourages

hook; connection

gambar

picture; photograph; drawing; illustration gaitan: hook; connection

galas

penggait: hook; connection

carry on the back

gambar rajah: diagram gambaran: impression

menggalas: to carry on a pole over the shoulder; to vend

bergambar: illustrated; to be photographed menggambarkan: to illustrate; to depict; to imagine

gajah

tergambar: depicted; reflected

an Arab musical instrument with six strings salary; wages

menggali: to dig

galian: mineral

penggalian: act of digging; excavation

bergaji: salaried menggaji: to employ

gambut gambut

ganjak

move or budge slightly

gandin

gamelan

berganjak: to move or budge slightly Javanese orchestra

mallet

menganjak: to shift

ganding

gamit

alongside; close beside

ganjal

beckon

base; stand; wedge

berganding: alongside

menggamit: to beckon

bergandingan: alongside gandingan: coupling menggandingkan: to place beside

ganjar

reward; gratuity

gampang

easy

ganjaran: reward; gratuity

gandum

mengganjarkan: to reward

wheat

ganas

ferocious; fierce; savage; violent

ganjil

gandung

odd; queer; strange

keganasan: savagery; ferocity; violence

bamboo or wooden outrigger on the sides of a Malay boat

mengganas: to terrorise; to rampage pengganas: terrorist

menggandung: to load things onto a boat using bamboo or

wooden outriggers

gantang

a cubic measure

gancu

long hooked stick

ganggang

dry over a fire

berganti: in substitution for

double

ganggu

berganti-ganti: taking turns

mengganti: to replace; to compensate berganda: doubled

to bother; to trouble; to disturb; to disrupt

menggantikan: to replace; to substitute berganda-ganda: many times more

mengganggu: to bother; to trouble; to disturb; to disrupt

pengganti: replacement

menggandakan: to double

gangguan: disturbance; disruption; inconvenience; interference

gantirugi: indemnity; compensation

gandaan: multiple of a number

mengganggu-gugat: to bother; to disturb

terganggu: disturbed; mentally or emotionally unstable

gantung

gandar

hang or suspend

bergantung: to depend on

menggandar: to carry bergantungan: hanging in great numbers menggantung: to hang; to suspend menggantungkan: to hang up

ganja

pergantungan: dependence; support

gandik

cannabis; hemp

tergantung: hanging

(1) gold ornament on bride's forehead (2) decoration on hilt of kris (1) gold ornament on bride's forehead (2) decoration on hilt of kris

fierce and rough

chew up; devour; destroy

menggaris: to draw a line

a top

menggariskan: to draw a line

mengganyang: to chew up; to devour; to destroy

penggaris: ruler garisan: line

gatal

(1) itchy (2) lewd (of person)

gapah

hurriedly; hastily

garit

gatal-gatal: itching all over

line; scratch

gapai gaul

menggarit: to scratch; to move; to stir

stretch out the hand

mix (in society); associate

menggapai: to reach for; to clutch at

garpu

bergaul: to be together in a friendly way

fork

menggaul: to mix; to blend menggauli: to associate with; to mingle with pergaulan: mingling (in society); association (with other people)

(1)a rake (2)scratch

gaung

menggaru: to scratch

(1) deep ravine (2) echo

garam

tergaru-garu: scratching repeatedly

salt

bergaung: to echo

menggarami: to add salt

garuk

hoarse, deep or husky (of voice)

gawal

confused; mistaken

menggarang: to rage

(1) strike (2) eat gluttonously

gawang

waving with both arms