AMBITION OF MINKE REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND (1975): Ambition Of Minke Reflected At Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Novel This Earth Of Mankind (1975): A Psychoanalytic Approach.
AMBITION OF MINKE REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA
TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND (1975):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
Putri Sulistyo Hernasari
A 320 100 054
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
ii
iii
iv
MOTTO
“The most important thing in life is to stop saying ‘I wish’ and start saying ‘I will’
(Charles Dickens)
“A clever person solves a problem. A wise person avoids it”
(Albert Einstein)
“The opposite of love is not hate, it is indifference.”
(Elie Wiesel)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is proudly delicat ed t o :
? The Great est Allah SWT, The Lord of Universe.
? My beloved Fat her, Heryant o , Bc. Hk.
? My beloved Mot her, Sit t a Wahyu Ariest iana.
? My beloved I bu Dean Palupi SH.
? My beloved Grandparent , (Alm) Pelt u Soeparman
and (Almh) Endang Sulist yorini.
? My beloved old uncle f am’s, Mahf ud S. Sos, Zuli
Nursari Am. d and Rosit a.
? My beloved young Grandparent , Oma Raras, Kol Caj
Teguh Bangun Mart ot o and I r Sigit Lulus Sediant o.
? My beloved sist er, Hoppy Nurj ayat i S. Pd.
? My beloved Family’s.
? My beloved Friends.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Great thanks to Allah SWT, the most gracious and merciful, blessings can
never be calcuted or measured, so that the researcher can finish this research paper
entitled “AMBITION OF MINKE REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA
ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND NOVEL (1975): A
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH”. And also thanks for the great prophet
Muhammad SAW, peace be upon him, who brings the Muslim from the darkness
into the brightness.
The researcher realizes that the research paper cannot be finished without
many helps and supports from several people. Thus, the researcher would like to
express her earnest gratitude for the following persons :
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji, M. Si, as the headmaster of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S.pd, M.Hum, Ph.d, as the chief of English
Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. Phil Dewi Candraningrum M. Ed, as the first consultant, who has
given her time to guide, advice, and share much knowledge patiently to the
researcher until this research paper finished.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum, as the second consultant, who has given
his time to correct the grammatical structure of the research paper.
vii
5. Prof. Dr. Harun Djoko Prayitno, SE, M.Hum, as the Dean of School of
Teaching training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. All lectures of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, especially
English Department who has helped and guided the researcher in many
ways. Also her deepest thanks for all of their beneficial knowledge that has
taught to the researcher.
7. Her beloved parents, Heryanto, Bc.Hk and Sitta Wahyu Ariestiana
A.Md, thank you so much for the love, care, prayer, support, advice, tears,
smile, laugh, sacrifices, and strength for her life. Thanks you for giving
birth to me at the first place and supporting me spiritually throughout my
life.
8. Her lovely person, Dean Palupi, Thank you for being her amazing people,
for every love, la ugh, tears, and caring her. She feels very fortunate for
having a person like her.
9. Her beloved grandparents, (Alm) Peltu Suparman and (Almh)Endang
Sulistyorini, Thank you for the sweetest time that spent with them. She
really loves her grandparents, especially for their love when she was child,
and caring her until their closed the eyes.
10. Her beloved grandparents,Kol. Teguh Bangun Martoto and Ir. Sigit
Lulus Sedianto,Thank you for the spirit that spent with them. She really
loves her grandparents.
viii
11. Her lovely family,Her Old Uncle fam’s, Mahfud S S.sos with Zuli
Nursari and her young sister Rosita Nur, Thanks you for all support,
prays, advice, help and spirit. All of those give additional spirit for her.
12. Her lovely young brother, Richfister, Thanks you for all support, prays,
advice, help and spirit. All of those give additional spirit for her.
13. Her big family, Thanks you for all support, prays, advice, help and spirit.
All of those give additional spirit for her.
14. Her bestfriends in campus, Hoppy Nurjayati. She was nothing without
her. Thanks you for always give her big help, support, advice, care and
love. Thanks for everything.
15. Her beloved friend in “PPL SMP AL ISLAM KARTASURA” ,, Thanks
you for all support, prays, advice, help and spirit. All of those give
additional spirit for her.
16. And her entire friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta that
cannot be mentioned one by one, especially English Department class B
2010.
ix
Finally, the researcher realizes that this research paper still has many
weakness, caused by the limitation of her capability and knowledge. Therefore,
the researcher welcomes any critiques, comments and suggestions from the
readers. She hopes this research paper can be beneficial for the readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Surakarta,
Juli 2 014
The Researcher
Putri Sulistyo Hernasari
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE ..............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ....................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY ..................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ...........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ..................................................................................
xi
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................
xiv
CHAPTER
I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study.................................................
1
B. Literature Review ...........................................................
5
C. Problem Statement .........................................................
8
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................
9
E. Objectives of the Study ...................................................
9
F. Benefit of the Study ........................................................
9
G. Research Method.............................................................
10
H. Research Paper Organization ..........................................
10
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis...............................................
13
B. Structure of Personality .................................................
14
1. Id ..............................................................................
14
2. Ego ..........................................................................
15
3. Superego ..................................................................
15
C. Anxiety...........................................................................
16
1. Reality Anxiety ........................................................
16
2. Neurotic Anxiety .....................................................
17
3. Moral Anxiety .........................................................
18
xi
D. Notion of Ambition ........................................................
18
E. Structural Elements .......................................................
20
1. Character ..................................................................
20
2. Setting .....................................................................
20
3. Plot ...........................................................................
21
4. Point of view ............................................................
22
5. Theme ......................................................................
24
F. Theoretical Application .................................................
24
CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements of This Earth of Mankind
B. Novel .............................................................................
26
1. Character and Characterization ...............................
26
a. Major Character ...................................................
27
b. Minor Character . .................................................
31
2. Setting .....................................................................
37
a. Setting of Place .................................................
37
b. Setting of Time ..................................................
39
3. Plot ..........................................................................
39
a. Exposition .........................................................
40
b. Complication......................................................
42
c. Climax ...............................................................
43
d. Resolution .........................................................
44
e. Causality ............................................................
44
f. Plausability ........................................................
45
4. Theme.......................................................................
45
5. Point of View ..........................................................
46
6. Style ........................................................................
46
a. Gramatical Structure ..........................................
46
b. Sentence Construction........................................
46
c. Diction ...............................................................
46
d. Figurative Language ..........................................
46
xii
e. Imagery and Symbols ........................................
46
C. Discussion .....................................................................
47
CHAPTER IV : PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS
CHAPTER V :
A. Basic Concept of Psychoanalytic Approach .................
49
1. Id ..............................................................................
50
2. Ego ...........................................................................
52
3. Superego ..................................................................
54
B. Notion of Ambition ........................................................
56
C. Discussion .....................................................................
57
CONCLUSION, EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATION
AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ....................................................................
59
B. Educational Implication ................................................
60
C. Suggestion .....................................................................
61
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xiii
SUMMARY
PUTRI SULISTYO HERNASARI, A320100054, AMBITION OF MINKE
REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS
EARTH OF MANKIND (1975): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH,
RESEARCH PAPER,
SURAKARTA, 2014.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
This research aims at knowing of ambition Minke and what individuality
character based on reflected in real story of novel This Earth of mankind is
suitable with the theory by Sigmund Freud.
The type of this research is descriptive qualitative. Type of the data and the
data source taken from two data source: primary and secondary. The
primary data source is This earth of Mankind novel written by Pramoedya
Ananta Toer’s released in 1975. And the secondary data sources are taken
from books theory, other source and internet related to the study. The
technique of collecting data is documentation. The steps are reading novel,
classfying and analyzing the data, taking note and browsing to the internet.
Based on the analysis, the researcher portrays some conclusions, the study
shows that the problem faced by the major character is the own psychology
condition to decide the appropriate ways for his life. This novel is about
ambition of Minke to love for Annelies.
Key words : Ambition of Minke. This Earth of Mankind novel,
Psychoanalytic Approach, Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s.
xiv
TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND (1975):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
Putri Sulistyo Hernasari
A 320 100 054
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
ii
iii
iv
MOTTO
“The most important thing in life is to stop saying ‘I wish’ and start saying ‘I will’
(Charles Dickens)
“A clever person solves a problem. A wise person avoids it”
(Albert Einstein)
“The opposite of love is not hate, it is indifference.”
(Elie Wiesel)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is proudly delicat ed t o :
? The Great est Allah SWT, The Lord of Universe.
? My beloved Fat her, Heryant o , Bc. Hk.
? My beloved Mot her, Sit t a Wahyu Ariest iana.
? My beloved I bu Dean Palupi SH.
? My beloved Grandparent , (Alm) Pelt u Soeparman
and (Almh) Endang Sulist yorini.
? My beloved old uncle f am’s, Mahf ud S. Sos, Zuli
Nursari Am. d and Rosit a.
? My beloved young Grandparent , Oma Raras, Kol Caj
Teguh Bangun Mart ot o and I r Sigit Lulus Sediant o.
? My beloved sist er, Hoppy Nurj ayat i S. Pd.
? My beloved Family’s.
? My beloved Friends.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Great thanks to Allah SWT, the most gracious and merciful, blessings can
never be calcuted or measured, so that the researcher can finish this research paper
entitled “AMBITION OF MINKE REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA
ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND NOVEL (1975): A
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH”. And also thanks for the great prophet
Muhammad SAW, peace be upon him, who brings the Muslim from the darkness
into the brightness.
The researcher realizes that the research paper cannot be finished without
many helps and supports from several people. Thus, the researcher would like to
express her earnest gratitude for the following persons :
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji, M. Si, as the headmaster of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S.pd, M.Hum, Ph.d, as the chief of English
Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. Phil Dewi Candraningrum M. Ed, as the first consultant, who has
given her time to guide, advice, and share much knowledge patiently to the
researcher until this research paper finished.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum, as the second consultant, who has given
his time to correct the grammatical structure of the research paper.
vii
5. Prof. Dr. Harun Djoko Prayitno, SE, M.Hum, as the Dean of School of
Teaching training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. All lectures of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, especially
English Department who has helped and guided the researcher in many
ways. Also her deepest thanks for all of their beneficial knowledge that has
taught to the researcher.
7. Her beloved parents, Heryanto, Bc.Hk and Sitta Wahyu Ariestiana
A.Md, thank you so much for the love, care, prayer, support, advice, tears,
smile, laugh, sacrifices, and strength for her life. Thanks you for giving
birth to me at the first place and supporting me spiritually throughout my
life.
8. Her lovely person, Dean Palupi, Thank you for being her amazing people,
for every love, la ugh, tears, and caring her. She feels very fortunate for
having a person like her.
9. Her beloved grandparents, (Alm) Peltu Suparman and (Almh)Endang
Sulistyorini, Thank you for the sweetest time that spent with them. She
really loves her grandparents, especially for their love when she was child,
and caring her until their closed the eyes.
10. Her beloved grandparents,Kol. Teguh Bangun Martoto and Ir. Sigit
Lulus Sedianto,Thank you for the spirit that spent with them. She really
loves her grandparents.
viii
11. Her lovely family,Her Old Uncle fam’s, Mahfud S S.sos with Zuli
Nursari and her young sister Rosita Nur, Thanks you for all support,
prays, advice, help and spirit. All of those give additional spirit for her.
12. Her lovely young brother, Richfister, Thanks you for all support, prays,
advice, help and spirit. All of those give additional spirit for her.
13. Her big family, Thanks you for all support, prays, advice, help and spirit.
All of those give additional spirit for her.
14. Her bestfriends in campus, Hoppy Nurjayati. She was nothing without
her. Thanks you for always give her big help, support, advice, care and
love. Thanks for everything.
15. Her beloved friend in “PPL SMP AL ISLAM KARTASURA” ,, Thanks
you for all support, prays, advice, help and spirit. All of those give
additional spirit for her.
16. And her entire friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta that
cannot be mentioned one by one, especially English Department class B
2010.
ix
Finally, the researcher realizes that this research paper still has many
weakness, caused by the limitation of her capability and knowledge. Therefore,
the researcher welcomes any critiques, comments and suggestions from the
readers. She hopes this research paper can be beneficial for the readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Surakarta,
Juli 2 014
The Researcher
Putri Sulistyo Hernasari
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE ..............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ....................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY ..................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ...........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ..................................................................................
xi
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................
xiv
CHAPTER
I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study.................................................
1
B. Literature Review ...........................................................
5
C. Problem Statement .........................................................
8
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................
9
E. Objectives of the Study ...................................................
9
F. Benefit of the Study ........................................................
9
G. Research Method.............................................................
10
H. Research Paper Organization ..........................................
10
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis...............................................
13
B. Structure of Personality .................................................
14
1. Id ..............................................................................
14
2. Ego ..........................................................................
15
3. Superego ..................................................................
15
C. Anxiety...........................................................................
16
1. Reality Anxiety ........................................................
16
2. Neurotic Anxiety .....................................................
17
3. Moral Anxiety .........................................................
18
xi
D. Notion of Ambition ........................................................
18
E. Structural Elements .......................................................
20
1. Character ..................................................................
20
2. Setting .....................................................................
20
3. Plot ...........................................................................
21
4. Point of view ............................................................
22
5. Theme ......................................................................
24
F. Theoretical Application .................................................
24
CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements of This Earth of Mankind
B. Novel .............................................................................
26
1. Character and Characterization ...............................
26
a. Major Character ...................................................
27
b. Minor Character . .................................................
31
2. Setting .....................................................................
37
a. Setting of Place .................................................
37
b. Setting of Time ..................................................
39
3. Plot ..........................................................................
39
a. Exposition .........................................................
40
b. Complication......................................................
42
c. Climax ...............................................................
43
d. Resolution .........................................................
44
e. Causality ............................................................
44
f. Plausability ........................................................
45
4. Theme.......................................................................
45
5. Point of View ..........................................................
46
6. Style ........................................................................
46
a. Gramatical Structure ..........................................
46
b. Sentence Construction........................................
46
c. Diction ...............................................................
46
d. Figurative Language ..........................................
46
xii
e. Imagery and Symbols ........................................
46
C. Discussion .....................................................................
47
CHAPTER IV : PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS
CHAPTER V :
A. Basic Concept of Psychoanalytic Approach .................
49
1. Id ..............................................................................
50
2. Ego ...........................................................................
52
3. Superego ..................................................................
54
B. Notion of Ambition ........................................................
56
C. Discussion .....................................................................
57
CONCLUSION, EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATION
AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ....................................................................
59
B. Educational Implication ................................................
60
C. Suggestion .....................................................................
61
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xiii
SUMMARY
PUTRI SULISTYO HERNASARI, A320100054, AMBITION OF MINKE
REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS
EARTH OF MANKIND (1975): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH,
RESEARCH PAPER,
SURAKARTA, 2014.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
This research aims at knowing of ambition Minke and what individuality
character based on reflected in real story of novel This Earth of mankind is
suitable with the theory by Sigmund Freud.
The type of this research is descriptive qualitative. Type of the data and the
data source taken from two data source: primary and secondary. The
primary data source is This earth of Mankind novel written by Pramoedya
Ananta Toer’s released in 1975. And the secondary data sources are taken
from books theory, other source and internet related to the study. The
technique of collecting data is documentation. The steps are reading novel,
classfying and analyzing the data, taking note and browsing to the internet.
Based on the analysis, the researcher portrays some conclusions, the study
shows that the problem faced by the major character is the own psychology
condition to decide the appropriate ways for his life. This novel is about
ambition of Minke to love for Annelies.
Key words : Ambition of Minke. This Earth of Mankind novel,
Psychoanalytic Approach, Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s.
xiv