English Teaching For Elementary School Students.
ENGLISH TEACHING FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
STUDENTS AT SD NO.1 MENGWITANI
KADEK DODIT SANJIVA CARYA
1218351069
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank the God for the blessing given to me, so
that I can complete this study.
I would like to say thank you very much to Dr. I Gst. Ayu Gede Sosiowati,
M.A. and Ni Ketut Alit Ida Setianingsih, S.S, M.Hum., my first and second
supervisors respectively for their patience, assistance, and contribution in guiding
me to write this paper.
My gratitude is also extended to all of the lecturers of English Department
who have educated me and given me invaluable knowledge through my academic
years at Faculty of Letters and Cultures, Udayana University.
I would like to express my gratitude to the Headmaster of SD No.1
Mengwitani with the teachers and staffs who helped me with my project.
I dedicate my best gratitude to my parents and my brothers who give me
motivation and support to finish this study.
Kadek Dodit Sanjiva Carya
Denpasar, May, 2016
i
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................
ii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study ............................................................................
1
1.2 Problems of Study .................................................................................
2
1.3 Aims of Study ........................................................................................
2
1.4 Scope and Discussion ............................................................................
3
1.5 Research Method ...................................................................................
3
1.5.1 Data Source............................................................................ 3
1.5.2 Method and Technique of Collecting Data...........................
4
1.5.3 Method and Technique of Analyzing Data...........................
4
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURES, CONCEPT AND
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Literature Review .................................................................................
6
2.2 Views of Language...............................................................................
9
2.2.1 Structural View........... ........................................................
9
2.2.2 Functional View.. ................................................................
9
ii
2.2.3 Interactional View...............................................................
10
2.3 Language Teaching..............................................................................
10
2.4 Language Teaching Principles (The Approach, Methods, and
Techniques Used in Foreign Language Teaching) ..............................
11
2.4.1 Approaches in Foreign Language Teaching........................
12
2.4.2 Methods in Foreign Language Teaching.............................
14
2.4.3 Techniques in Language Teaching......................................
18
2.5. Roles of Foreign or Second Language Teacher...................................
19
2.6 Syllabus in Foreign Language Teaching..............................................
21
2.7 Stages of Foreign Language Teaching.................................................
22
2.7.1 Introducing New Language.................................................
22
2.7.2 Practicing............................................................................
23
2.7.3 Communicative Activities.................................................
24
2.8 Difficulties Faced by Foreign Language Teacher...............................
24
2.8.1 Learners (Students)............................................................
25
2.8.2 Reference and Text Book..................................................
25
2.8.3 Physical Surroundings.......................................................
27
CHAPTER III ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH TEACHING FOR
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AT SD NO.1
MENGWITANI
3.1 Preliminary ............................................................................................
iii
28
3.2 Profile of the SD No.1 Mengwitani.......................................................
29
3.2.1 General Situation and Condition...........................................
29
3.2.2 The Division..........................................................................
30
3.3. English Teaching Process of the Fifth Grade at SD No.1 Mengwitani.. 31
3.3.1 English Teaching Material....................................................
32
3.3.2 The English Teacher at SD No. 1 Mengwitani.....................
39
3.3.3 Time Allocation....................................................................
39
3.4 Approaches Used in Teaching English by the Teacher.........................
40
3.5 Methods Used in Teaching English by the Teacher..............................
41
3.6 Techniques Used in Teaching English by the Teacher..........................
43
3.7 Difficulties Faced by the English Teacher in Teaching English............
49
3.7.1 Internal Difficulties Faced by the English Teacher in
Teaching English..................................................................
49
3.7.2 External Difficulties Faced by the English Teacher in
Teaching English..................................................................
51
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION
4.1 Conclusion............................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
iv
52
ABSTRACT
The title of this Study is “English Teaching for Elementary School
Students at SD No.1 Mengwitani”. This study aimed at investigating how the
teacher taught his/her students in the class and the details of what kinds of
approaches, methods, and techniques that are used in teaching fifth grade students.
This study also aimed at discovering the difficulties that were faced by the teacher
in teaching English for the fifth grade school students.
The data were collected by documentation, observation, and interview
techniques that were conducted in SD No.1 Mengwitani. The collected data
analyzed by qualitative methods. It also identified and analyzed based on a theory
proposed by Richards and Rodgers on their book Approaches, Methods in
Language Teaching (1992).
The results show that the English teacher of SD No.1 Mengwitani used
communicative approach in the class to build up the students’ confidence in using
English. The methods that were used by the English teacher during the teachinglearning process are translation method and audio-lingual method. The techniques
that were used by the English teacher in the class Imitation (choral imitation and
individual imitation), drilling, reading a text, and translating some sentences.
Games and songs also applied during teaching- learning process as teaching aids.
Regarding the difficulties that were faced by the English teacher of SD
No.1 Mengwitani, internally they were the number of the students and time
allocation. Whereas the external difficulties that were faced by the English teacher
came from the SD No.1 Mengwitani environments’ condition and habit of the
students.
v
STUDENTS AT SD NO.1 MENGWITANI
KADEK DODIT SANJIVA CARYA
1218351069
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank the God for the blessing given to me, so
that I can complete this study.
I would like to say thank you very much to Dr. I Gst. Ayu Gede Sosiowati,
M.A. and Ni Ketut Alit Ida Setianingsih, S.S, M.Hum., my first and second
supervisors respectively for their patience, assistance, and contribution in guiding
me to write this paper.
My gratitude is also extended to all of the lecturers of English Department
who have educated me and given me invaluable knowledge through my academic
years at Faculty of Letters and Cultures, Udayana University.
I would like to express my gratitude to the Headmaster of SD No.1
Mengwitani with the teachers and staffs who helped me with my project.
I dedicate my best gratitude to my parents and my brothers who give me
motivation and support to finish this study.
Kadek Dodit Sanjiva Carya
Denpasar, May, 2016
i
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................
ii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study ............................................................................
1
1.2 Problems of Study .................................................................................
2
1.3 Aims of Study ........................................................................................
2
1.4 Scope and Discussion ............................................................................
3
1.5 Research Method ...................................................................................
3
1.5.1 Data Source............................................................................ 3
1.5.2 Method and Technique of Collecting Data...........................
4
1.5.3 Method and Technique of Analyzing Data...........................
4
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURES, CONCEPT AND
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Literature Review .................................................................................
6
2.2 Views of Language...............................................................................
9
2.2.1 Structural View........... ........................................................
9
2.2.2 Functional View.. ................................................................
9
ii
2.2.3 Interactional View...............................................................
10
2.3 Language Teaching..............................................................................
10
2.4 Language Teaching Principles (The Approach, Methods, and
Techniques Used in Foreign Language Teaching) ..............................
11
2.4.1 Approaches in Foreign Language Teaching........................
12
2.4.2 Methods in Foreign Language Teaching.............................
14
2.4.3 Techniques in Language Teaching......................................
18
2.5. Roles of Foreign or Second Language Teacher...................................
19
2.6 Syllabus in Foreign Language Teaching..............................................
21
2.7 Stages of Foreign Language Teaching.................................................
22
2.7.1 Introducing New Language.................................................
22
2.7.2 Practicing............................................................................
23
2.7.3 Communicative Activities.................................................
24
2.8 Difficulties Faced by Foreign Language Teacher...............................
24
2.8.1 Learners (Students)............................................................
25
2.8.2 Reference and Text Book..................................................
25
2.8.3 Physical Surroundings.......................................................
27
CHAPTER III ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH TEACHING FOR
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AT SD NO.1
MENGWITANI
3.1 Preliminary ............................................................................................
iii
28
3.2 Profile of the SD No.1 Mengwitani.......................................................
29
3.2.1 General Situation and Condition...........................................
29
3.2.2 The Division..........................................................................
30
3.3. English Teaching Process of the Fifth Grade at SD No.1 Mengwitani.. 31
3.3.1 English Teaching Material....................................................
32
3.3.2 The English Teacher at SD No. 1 Mengwitani.....................
39
3.3.3 Time Allocation....................................................................
39
3.4 Approaches Used in Teaching English by the Teacher.........................
40
3.5 Methods Used in Teaching English by the Teacher..............................
41
3.6 Techniques Used in Teaching English by the Teacher..........................
43
3.7 Difficulties Faced by the English Teacher in Teaching English............
49
3.7.1 Internal Difficulties Faced by the English Teacher in
Teaching English..................................................................
49
3.7.2 External Difficulties Faced by the English Teacher in
Teaching English..................................................................
51
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION
4.1 Conclusion............................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
iv
52
ABSTRACT
The title of this Study is “English Teaching for Elementary School
Students at SD No.1 Mengwitani”. This study aimed at investigating how the
teacher taught his/her students in the class and the details of what kinds of
approaches, methods, and techniques that are used in teaching fifth grade students.
This study also aimed at discovering the difficulties that were faced by the teacher
in teaching English for the fifth grade school students.
The data were collected by documentation, observation, and interview
techniques that were conducted in SD No.1 Mengwitani. The collected data
analyzed by qualitative methods. It also identified and analyzed based on a theory
proposed by Richards and Rodgers on their book Approaches, Methods in
Language Teaching (1992).
The results show that the English teacher of SD No.1 Mengwitani used
communicative approach in the class to build up the students’ confidence in using
English. The methods that were used by the English teacher during the teachinglearning process are translation method and audio-lingual method. The techniques
that were used by the English teacher in the class Imitation (choral imitation and
individual imitation), drilling, reading a text, and translating some sentences.
Games and songs also applied during teaching- learning process as teaching aids.
Regarding the difficulties that were faced by the English teacher of SD
No.1 Mengwitani, internally they were the number of the students and time
allocation. Whereas the external difficulties that were faced by the English teacher
came from the SD No.1 Mengwitani environments’ condition and habit of the
students.
v