The Figure Of Santiago As An Old Fisherman In The Old Man And The Sea By Ernest Hemingway
THE FIGURE OF SANTIAGO AS AN OLD FISHERMAN IN THE OLD MAN
AND THE SEA BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY
A THESIS
BY
MEDINA SYAHFITRI CHAIRANI
REG. NO. 080705010
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, MEDINA SYAHFITRI CHAIRANI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE
AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN
THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL
PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART
FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED
ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED
WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS
THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD
OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
Date
: December, 18th, 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: MEDINA SYAHFITRI CHAIRANI
TITLE OF THESIS : THE
FIGURE
OF
SANTIAGO
AS
AN
OLD
FISHERMAN IN THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA BY
ERNEST HEMINGWAY
QUALIFICATION
: S-1 / SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: December, 18th, 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to thank to Allah SWT who has given me all of the
blessing, mercy, talent and time, so that I can finish my thesis entitled The Figure of
Santiago As An Old Fisherman In The Old Man And The Sea By Ernest Hemingway.
I would like to thank to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. H.
Syahron Lubis, M.A., the Head of Department of English, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar,
the Secretary of Department of English, Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M. Hum, ant the Staff
Administration of Department of English, Bang Amran, for their unforgettable helps
in finishing my thesis.
Further, I would like to express my best and sincere thanks to my supervisor,
Dra. Redita Lubis, Dip. Appl. Ling., M. Hum and my co-supervisor, Dr. Asmyta
Surbakti, M.Si for having shared their valuable ideas, times, guidance and patience.
My gratitude is also expressed to Dr. H. Deliana, M. Hum as my academic advisor
and to all my lecturers in Department of English who taught me much and
contributed the knowledge during the academic years.
My highest appreciation and greatest gratitude is dedicated to my beloved
parents, Alm. Muhammad Kamal and Khairuna who have supported me with love,
care, prayer and financial during my study. My lovely thanks are due to my beloved
sister, Novita Dewi Rianda, S.E and brothers, Teguh Sugatta and Inf. Lettu. Tiertona
Arga. I express my deep thanks to my uncle, Rahmat Supriadi for the oppurtinity and
kindness, and also to all my families who has support me. Big thanks to all my
dearest friends who always there and has been giving me joy, laughter, support and
many other things, Syafitriyani Nasution (Pitnong), Suci Indah Sari, Kiki Rizki
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ananda, Muhammad Jarot Prayitno, Rendy Novrizal, and all of my friendship in
IMSI’s family. Thank you for all your kindness.
At last, I really realize that my thesis is still far from being perfect, so all the
critics and suggestion hopefully can make the analysis better for the future. May
Allah SWT bless all of us.
Medan, 18th Dec 2012
The Writer,
Medina Syahfitri Chairani
Reg. No. 080705010
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul THE FIGURE OF SANTIAGO AS AN OLD FISHERMAN IN
“THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA” BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY. Seorang nelayan tua
yang bernama Satiago akan menjadi pusat pembahasan dalam skripsi ini. Santiago
yang sering menghabiskan waktunya di laut dianggap sial oleh orang-orang di
sekitarnya. Santiago dijuluki salao karena tidak pernah mendapatkan ikan selama
delapan puluh empat hari. Santiago yang tidak memiliki siapapun dalam hidupnya
terlihat tegar dan yakin bahwa suatu saat ia akan menemukan hari keberuntungannya.
Kehidupan Santiago yang penuh dengan penderitaan membuat penulis tertarik untuk
menganalisis kisahnya. Penulis beranggapan bahwa perjuangan Santiago yang penuh
semangat dan tidak pernah menyerah dapat dijadikan contoh oleh siapapun yang
membaca ceritanya. Dua hal utama yang akan menjadi permasalahan dalam analisis
ini antara lain adalah bagaimana kehidupan sosial Santiago dan bagaimana peran
Santiago sebagai seorang nelayan. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan
kehidupan sosial Santiago dalam bermasyarakat dan perannya sebagai seorang
nelayan tua. Dalam menganalisis novel ini, penulis menggunakan metode pendekatan
intrinsik yang menganalisis karya sastra melalui teks sastra itu sendiri. Dasar teori
yang dipakai adalah Teori Kesusastraan karya Rene Wellek dan Austin Waren
(1977). Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metode deskriptif. Hasil yang
diperoleh penulis dari analisis tersebut antara lain, Santiago yang kurang bergaul
dengan orang-orang sekitar terlihat asing di lingkungannya sendiri. Santiago tidak
pernah bergabung dengan teman-temannya sesama nelayan sejak ia tidak
mendapatkan ikan selama delapan puluh empat hari. Santiago yang selalu dipandang
rendah, tidak pernah menyerah dan putus asa, ia selalu bersemangat menjalani
hidupnya. Santiago mampu berlayar lebih jauh dibandingkan dengan nelayan lain.
Fisiknya yang terlihat tua tidak menyusutkan keberaniannya dalam menghadapi
berbagai bahaya yang ada di laut. Santiago terus berjuang untuk dapat membuktikan
kepada orang-orang bahwa ia bukan lah seorang nelayan sial seperti yang mereka
fikirkan. Perjuangan Santiago tidak sia-sia, ia berhasil mewujudkan harapannya
setelah ia bersusah payah bertaruh melawan seekor ikan besar. Meski pada akhirnya
ikan tersebut tidak dapat dibawanya pulang dalam keadaan utuh, namun para turis
memuji hasil tangkapan Santiago yang hanya berupa sebuah kerangka.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………......
i
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………..…......
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………….
iv
LIST OF CHART........................................................................................
vi
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
CHAPTER III
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study………………….....
1
1.2
Problem of the Study…………………….......
7
1.3
Objective of the Study....…………………....
7
1.4
Scope of the Study………………………......
8
1.5
Significance of the Study…………………....
8
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1
Intrinsic Approach………...……………..…..
9
2.2
The Elements of Prose..............…..……….....
10
METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1
Research Design..............................................
16
3.2
Data Collection.............................….……….
17
3.3
Data Analyzing.............................…………...
17
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CHAPTER IV
CHAPTER V
ANALYSIS AND FINDING
4.1
Santiago in His Society……....….....………..
20
4.2
The Figure of Santiago as a Fisherman………
27
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION…………...
5.1
Conclusion……………………………….......
42
5.2
Suggestion..………………………………….
44
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
i.
Author’s Biography and Works
ii.
Summary of the Novel
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF CHART
Chart 3.1.
RESEARCH DESIGN
.............................................................19
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AND THE SEA BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY
A THESIS
BY
MEDINA SYAHFITRI CHAIRANI
REG. NO. 080705010
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, MEDINA SYAHFITRI CHAIRANI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE
AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN
THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL
PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART
FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED
ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED
WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS
THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD
OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
Date
: December, 18th, 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: MEDINA SYAHFITRI CHAIRANI
TITLE OF THESIS : THE
FIGURE
OF
SANTIAGO
AS
AN
OLD
FISHERMAN IN THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA BY
ERNEST HEMINGWAY
QUALIFICATION
: S-1 / SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: December, 18th, 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to thank to Allah SWT who has given me all of the
blessing, mercy, talent and time, so that I can finish my thesis entitled The Figure of
Santiago As An Old Fisherman In The Old Man And The Sea By Ernest Hemingway.
I would like to thank to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. H.
Syahron Lubis, M.A., the Head of Department of English, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar,
the Secretary of Department of English, Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M. Hum, ant the Staff
Administration of Department of English, Bang Amran, for their unforgettable helps
in finishing my thesis.
Further, I would like to express my best and sincere thanks to my supervisor,
Dra. Redita Lubis, Dip. Appl. Ling., M. Hum and my co-supervisor, Dr. Asmyta
Surbakti, M.Si for having shared their valuable ideas, times, guidance and patience.
My gratitude is also expressed to Dr. H. Deliana, M. Hum as my academic advisor
and to all my lecturers in Department of English who taught me much and
contributed the knowledge during the academic years.
My highest appreciation and greatest gratitude is dedicated to my beloved
parents, Alm. Muhammad Kamal and Khairuna who have supported me with love,
care, prayer and financial during my study. My lovely thanks are due to my beloved
sister, Novita Dewi Rianda, S.E and brothers, Teguh Sugatta and Inf. Lettu. Tiertona
Arga. I express my deep thanks to my uncle, Rahmat Supriadi for the oppurtinity and
kindness, and also to all my families who has support me. Big thanks to all my
dearest friends who always there and has been giving me joy, laughter, support and
many other things, Syafitriyani Nasution (Pitnong), Suci Indah Sari, Kiki Rizki
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ananda, Muhammad Jarot Prayitno, Rendy Novrizal, and all of my friendship in
IMSI’s family. Thank you for all your kindness.
At last, I really realize that my thesis is still far from being perfect, so all the
critics and suggestion hopefully can make the analysis better for the future. May
Allah SWT bless all of us.
Medan, 18th Dec 2012
The Writer,
Medina Syahfitri Chairani
Reg. No. 080705010
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul THE FIGURE OF SANTIAGO AS AN OLD FISHERMAN IN
“THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA” BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY. Seorang nelayan tua
yang bernama Satiago akan menjadi pusat pembahasan dalam skripsi ini. Santiago
yang sering menghabiskan waktunya di laut dianggap sial oleh orang-orang di
sekitarnya. Santiago dijuluki salao karena tidak pernah mendapatkan ikan selama
delapan puluh empat hari. Santiago yang tidak memiliki siapapun dalam hidupnya
terlihat tegar dan yakin bahwa suatu saat ia akan menemukan hari keberuntungannya.
Kehidupan Santiago yang penuh dengan penderitaan membuat penulis tertarik untuk
menganalisis kisahnya. Penulis beranggapan bahwa perjuangan Santiago yang penuh
semangat dan tidak pernah menyerah dapat dijadikan contoh oleh siapapun yang
membaca ceritanya. Dua hal utama yang akan menjadi permasalahan dalam analisis
ini antara lain adalah bagaimana kehidupan sosial Santiago dan bagaimana peran
Santiago sebagai seorang nelayan. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan
kehidupan sosial Santiago dalam bermasyarakat dan perannya sebagai seorang
nelayan tua. Dalam menganalisis novel ini, penulis menggunakan metode pendekatan
intrinsik yang menganalisis karya sastra melalui teks sastra itu sendiri. Dasar teori
yang dipakai adalah Teori Kesusastraan karya Rene Wellek dan Austin Waren
(1977). Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metode deskriptif. Hasil yang
diperoleh penulis dari analisis tersebut antara lain, Santiago yang kurang bergaul
dengan orang-orang sekitar terlihat asing di lingkungannya sendiri. Santiago tidak
pernah bergabung dengan teman-temannya sesama nelayan sejak ia tidak
mendapatkan ikan selama delapan puluh empat hari. Santiago yang selalu dipandang
rendah, tidak pernah menyerah dan putus asa, ia selalu bersemangat menjalani
hidupnya. Santiago mampu berlayar lebih jauh dibandingkan dengan nelayan lain.
Fisiknya yang terlihat tua tidak menyusutkan keberaniannya dalam menghadapi
berbagai bahaya yang ada di laut. Santiago terus berjuang untuk dapat membuktikan
kepada orang-orang bahwa ia bukan lah seorang nelayan sial seperti yang mereka
fikirkan. Perjuangan Santiago tidak sia-sia, ia berhasil mewujudkan harapannya
setelah ia bersusah payah bertaruh melawan seekor ikan besar. Meski pada akhirnya
ikan tersebut tidak dapat dibawanya pulang dalam keadaan utuh, namun para turis
memuji hasil tangkapan Santiago yang hanya berupa sebuah kerangka.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………......
i
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………..…......
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………….
iv
LIST OF CHART........................................................................................
vi
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
CHAPTER III
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study………………….....
1
1.2
Problem of the Study…………………….......
7
1.3
Objective of the Study....…………………....
7
1.4
Scope of the Study………………………......
8
1.5
Significance of the Study…………………....
8
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1
Intrinsic Approach………...……………..…..
9
2.2
The Elements of Prose..............…..……….....
10
METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1
Research Design..............................................
16
3.2
Data Collection.............................….……….
17
3.3
Data Analyzing.............................…………...
17
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CHAPTER IV
CHAPTER V
ANALYSIS AND FINDING
4.1
Santiago in His Society……....….....………..
20
4.2
The Figure of Santiago as a Fisherman………
27
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION…………...
5.1
Conclusion……………………………….......
42
5.2
Suggestion..………………………………….
44
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
i.
Author’s Biography and Works
ii.
Summary of the Novel
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF CHART
Chart 3.1.
RESEARCH DESIGN
.............................................................19
Universitas Sumatera Utara