t mmb 0808135 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ......................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian .............................................................. 1
1.2 Identifikasi dan Rumusan Masalah ................................................ 9
1.2.1 Identifikasi Masalah .............................................................. 9
1.2.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................ 10
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................... 10
1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian....................................................................... 11
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN
DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN.................................................... 12
2.1 Kajian Pustaka................................................................................ 12
2.1.1 Pengertian Kinerja ................................................................ 12
2.1.1.1 Penilaian Kinerja ...................................................... 16
2.1.1.2 Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Kinerja ............... 24
2.1.1.3 Pengukuran Kinerja ................................................... 25
2.1.2 Iklim ..................................................................................... 27
2.1.2.1 Pengertian Iklim Kerja ............................................. 29
2.1.2.2 Determinan-determinan Iklim Kerja ......................... 35
2.1.2.3 Dimensi Iklim Kerja.................................................. 38
2.1.2.4 Pengukuran Iklim Kerja ............................................ 40
2.1.3 Motivasi ............................................................................... 42
2.1.3.1 Pengertian Motivasi Kerja......................................... 45
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
vi
2.1.3.2 Faktor-faktor Motivasi Kerja .................................... 47
2.1.3.3 Tujuan dan Teknik Motivasi Kerja ........................... 47
2.1.3.4 Prinsip Motivasi Kerja ............................................. 48
2.1.3.5 Teori Motivasi Kerja ................................................. 49
2.1.3.6 Pola Motivasi ............................................................ 52
2.1.3.7 Jenis dan Model Motivasi ......................................... 53
2.1.3.8 Proses Motivasi ........................................................ 54
2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran ....................................................................... 58
2.3 Hipotesis Penelitian........................................................................ 66
BAB III OBJEK DAN METODE PENELITIAN ....................................... 67
3.1 Objek Penelitian ............................................................................. 67
3.2 Metode Penelitian........................................................................... 67
3.2.1 Desain dan Jenis Penelitian ...................................................... 67
3.2.2 Operasionalisasi Variabel......................................................... 68
3.2.3 Jenis dan Sumber Data ............................................................. 72
3.2.4 Teknik dan Alat Pengumpulan Data ........................................ 73
3.2.4.1 Populasi dan Sampel ................................................. 74
3.2.5 Teknik Pengolahan Data .......................................................... 75
3.2.5.1 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen ................... 76
3.2.6 Analisis Data ............................................................................ 77
3.2.6.1 Analisis Deskriptif .................................................... 77
3.2.6.2 Pengujian Hipotesis................................................... 79
A. Uji Normalitas Data ............................................. 79
B. Analisis Korelasi .................................................. 80
C. Uji Linieritas......................................................... 80
D. Analisis Regresi.................................................... 80
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. 82
4.1 Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 82
4.1.1 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian ........................................ 82
a. Sejarah dan Perkembangan Universitas Padjadjaran ........... 82
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
vii
b. Struktur Organisasi Pegawai Administrasi UNPAD ........... 85
c. Uraian Tugas Masing-Masing Biro dan Bawahannya ......... 88
d. Profil Pegawai ...................................................................... 93
1. Jenis Kelamin .................................................................. 93
2. Usia ................................................................................. 94
3. Tingkat Pendidikan ......................................................... 94
4. Masa Kerja ...................................................................... 95
4.1.2 Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Alat Ukur ......................... 96
4.1.2.1 Uji Alat Ukur Variabel Iklim Kerja ............................. 97
4.1.2.2 Uji Alat Ukur Variabel Motivasi Kerja ........................ 98
4.1.2.3 Uji Alat Ukur Variabel Kinerja .................................... 99
4.1.3 Analisis data ............................................................................. 99
4.1.3.1 Deskriptif Variabel Penelitian ...................................... 99
4.1.3.1.1 Gambaran Variabel Iklim Kerja .......................... 100
4.1.3.1.2 Gambaran Variabel Motivasi Kerja .................... 102
4.1.3.1.3 Gambaran Variabel Kinerja ................................ 104
4.1.3.1.4 Deskripsi Data Variabel Iklim Kerja .................. 106
4.1.3.1.5 Deskripsi Data Variabel Motivasi Kerja ............. 111
4.1.3.1.6 Deskripsi Data Variabel Kinerja ......................... 115
4.1.3.2 Pengujian Hipotesis...................................................... 123
4.1.3.2.1 Uji Normalitas data ............................................. 123
4.1.3.2.2 Analisis Korelasi ................................................. 124
4.1.3.2.3 Uji Linieritas ....................................................... 125
4.1.3.2.4 Analisis Regresi .................................................. 126
a. Analisis Korelasi Ganda (R)........................................ 127
b. Analisis Determinasi (� 2 ) ......................................... 128
c. Uji Koefisien Regresi secara bersama-sama (Uji F) ... 129
d. Uji Koefisien Regresi secara parsial (Uji t) ................ 130
4.2 Pembahasan ...................................................................................... 135
4.2.1 Analisis Variabel Iklim Kerja .................................................. 135
4.2.2 Analisis Variabel Motivasi Kerja ............................................. 137
4.2.3 Analisis Variabel Kinerja ......................................................... 140
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
viii
4.2.4 Analisis Pengaruh Iklim Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap
Kinerja Karyawan ..................................................................... 142
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ........................................ 147
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 147
5.2 Rekomendasi .................................................................................. 148
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 151
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 1.1 Pencapaian Target dan Ukuran Tingkat Keberhasilan ..................... 8
Tabel 3.1 Operasionalisasi Variabel ................................................................ 70
Tabel 3.2 Jenis dan Sumber Data ..................................................................... 73
Tabel 3.3 Penyebaran Sampel .......................................................................... 75
Tabel 3.4 Kriteria Jawaban dan Skoring Penilaian Responden ....................... 78
Tabel 4.1 Jenis Kelamin ................................................................................... 93
Tabel 4.2 usia ................................................................................................... 94
Tabel 4.3 Tingkat Pendidikan .......................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.4 Masa Kerja ....................................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.5 Uji Validitas Variabel Iklim Kerja ................................................... 97
Tabel 4.6 Uji Validitas Variabel Motivasi Kerja ............................................. 98
Tabel 4.7 Uji Validitas Variabel Kinerja ......................................................... 99
Tabel 4.8 Skor Conformity ............................................................................... 106
Tabel 4.9 Skor Responsibility .......................................................................... 107
Tabel 4.10 Skor Standars ................................................................................. 108
Tabel 4.11 Skor Rewards ................................................................................. 109
Tabel 4.12 Skor Clarity.................................................................................... 110
Tabel 4.13 Skor Team Spirit ............................................................................ 111
Tabel 4.14 Skor Achievement Motivation ........................................................ 112
Tabel 4.15 Skor Affiliation Motivation ............................................................ 113
Tabel 4.16 Skor Competence Motivation ......................................................... 114
Tabel 4.17 Skor Power Motivation .................................................................. 115
Tabel 4.18 Skor Kejujuran ............................................................................... 116
Tabel 4.19 Skor Kesetiaan ............................................................................... 117
Tabel 4.20 Skor Ketaatan ................................................................................. 118
Tabel 4.21 Skor Inisiatif ................................................................................... 119
Tabel 4.22 Skor Kesanggupan ......................................................................... 120
Tabel 4.23 Skor Kemampuan ........................................................................... 121
Tabel 4.24 Skor Tanggung Jawab .................................................................... 122
Tabel 4.25 Skor Kualitas Kerja ........................................................................ 123
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1 Konsep Motif dan Motivasi.......................................................... 43
Gambar 2.2 Proses Motivasi ............................................................................ 55
Gambar 2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran Pengaruh Iklim Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja
Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai ............................................................. 64
Gambar 2.4 Model Paradigma Penelitian ........................................................ 65
Gambar 4.1 Daerah Kontinum Variabel X1 .................................................... 101
Gambar 4.2 Daerah Kontinum Variabel X2 .................................................... 103
Gambar 4.3 Daerah Kontinum Variabel Y ...................................................... 105
Gambar 4.4 Diagram Skor Iklim Kerja ............................................................ 135
Gambar 4.5 Diagram Skor Motivasi Kerja ...................................................... 138
Gambar 4.6 Diagram Skor Kinerja .................................................................. 140
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
xi
Halaman
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ......................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian .............................................................. 1
1.2 Identifikasi dan Rumusan Masalah ................................................ 9
1.2.1 Identifikasi Masalah .............................................................. 9
1.2.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................ 10
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................... 10
1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian....................................................................... 11
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN
DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN.................................................... 12
2.1 Kajian Pustaka................................................................................ 12
2.1.1 Pengertian Kinerja ................................................................ 12
2.1.1.1 Penilaian Kinerja ...................................................... 16
2.1.1.2 Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Kinerja ............... 24
2.1.1.3 Pengukuran Kinerja ................................................... 25
2.1.2 Iklim ..................................................................................... 27
2.1.2.1 Pengertian Iklim Kerja ............................................. 29
2.1.2.2 Determinan-determinan Iklim Kerja ......................... 35
2.1.2.3 Dimensi Iklim Kerja.................................................. 38
2.1.2.4 Pengukuran Iklim Kerja ............................................ 40
2.1.3 Motivasi ............................................................................... 42
2.1.3.1 Pengertian Motivasi Kerja......................................... 45
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
vi
2.1.3.2 Faktor-faktor Motivasi Kerja .................................... 47
2.1.3.3 Tujuan dan Teknik Motivasi Kerja ........................... 47
2.1.3.4 Prinsip Motivasi Kerja ............................................. 48
2.1.3.5 Teori Motivasi Kerja ................................................. 49
2.1.3.6 Pola Motivasi ............................................................ 52
2.1.3.7 Jenis dan Model Motivasi ......................................... 53
2.1.3.8 Proses Motivasi ........................................................ 54
2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran ....................................................................... 58
2.3 Hipotesis Penelitian........................................................................ 66
BAB III OBJEK DAN METODE PENELITIAN ....................................... 67
3.1 Objek Penelitian ............................................................................. 67
3.2 Metode Penelitian........................................................................... 67
3.2.1 Desain dan Jenis Penelitian ...................................................... 67
3.2.2 Operasionalisasi Variabel......................................................... 68
3.2.3 Jenis dan Sumber Data ............................................................. 72
3.2.4 Teknik dan Alat Pengumpulan Data ........................................ 73
3.2.4.1 Populasi dan Sampel ................................................. 74
3.2.5 Teknik Pengolahan Data .......................................................... 75
3.2.5.1 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen ................... 76
3.2.6 Analisis Data ............................................................................ 77
3.2.6.1 Analisis Deskriptif .................................................... 77
3.2.6.2 Pengujian Hipotesis................................................... 79
A. Uji Normalitas Data ............................................. 79
B. Analisis Korelasi .................................................. 80
C. Uji Linieritas......................................................... 80
D. Analisis Regresi.................................................... 80
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. 82
4.1 Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 82
4.1.1 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian ........................................ 82
a. Sejarah dan Perkembangan Universitas Padjadjaran ........... 82
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
vii
b. Struktur Organisasi Pegawai Administrasi UNPAD ........... 85
c. Uraian Tugas Masing-Masing Biro dan Bawahannya ......... 88
d. Profil Pegawai ...................................................................... 93
1. Jenis Kelamin .................................................................. 93
2. Usia ................................................................................. 94
3. Tingkat Pendidikan ......................................................... 94
4. Masa Kerja ...................................................................... 95
4.1.2 Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Alat Ukur ......................... 96
4.1.2.1 Uji Alat Ukur Variabel Iklim Kerja ............................. 97
4.1.2.2 Uji Alat Ukur Variabel Motivasi Kerja ........................ 98
4.1.2.3 Uji Alat Ukur Variabel Kinerja .................................... 99
4.1.3 Analisis data ............................................................................. 99
4.1.3.1 Deskriptif Variabel Penelitian ...................................... 99
4.1.3.1.1 Gambaran Variabel Iklim Kerja .......................... 100
4.1.3.1.2 Gambaran Variabel Motivasi Kerja .................... 102
4.1.3.1.3 Gambaran Variabel Kinerja ................................ 104
4.1.3.1.4 Deskripsi Data Variabel Iklim Kerja .................. 106
4.1.3.1.5 Deskripsi Data Variabel Motivasi Kerja ............. 111
4.1.3.1.6 Deskripsi Data Variabel Kinerja ......................... 115
4.1.3.2 Pengujian Hipotesis...................................................... 123
4.1.3.2.1 Uji Normalitas data ............................................. 123
4.1.3.2.2 Analisis Korelasi ................................................. 124
4.1.3.2.3 Uji Linieritas ....................................................... 125
4.1.3.2.4 Analisis Regresi .................................................. 126
a. Analisis Korelasi Ganda (R)........................................ 127
b. Analisis Determinasi (� 2 ) ......................................... 128
c. Uji Koefisien Regresi secara bersama-sama (Uji F) ... 129
d. Uji Koefisien Regresi secara parsial (Uji t) ................ 130
4.2 Pembahasan ...................................................................................... 135
4.2.1 Analisis Variabel Iklim Kerja .................................................. 135
4.2.2 Analisis Variabel Motivasi Kerja ............................................. 137
4.2.3 Analisis Variabel Kinerja ......................................................... 140
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
viii
4.2.4 Analisis Pengaruh Iklim Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap
Kinerja Karyawan ..................................................................... 142
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ........................................ 147
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 147
5.2 Rekomendasi .................................................................................. 148
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 151
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 1.1 Pencapaian Target dan Ukuran Tingkat Keberhasilan ..................... 8
Tabel 3.1 Operasionalisasi Variabel ................................................................ 70
Tabel 3.2 Jenis dan Sumber Data ..................................................................... 73
Tabel 3.3 Penyebaran Sampel .......................................................................... 75
Tabel 3.4 Kriteria Jawaban dan Skoring Penilaian Responden ....................... 78
Tabel 4.1 Jenis Kelamin ................................................................................... 93
Tabel 4.2 usia ................................................................................................... 94
Tabel 4.3 Tingkat Pendidikan .......................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.4 Masa Kerja ....................................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.5 Uji Validitas Variabel Iklim Kerja ................................................... 97
Tabel 4.6 Uji Validitas Variabel Motivasi Kerja ............................................. 98
Tabel 4.7 Uji Validitas Variabel Kinerja ......................................................... 99
Tabel 4.8 Skor Conformity ............................................................................... 106
Tabel 4.9 Skor Responsibility .......................................................................... 107
Tabel 4.10 Skor Standars ................................................................................. 108
Tabel 4.11 Skor Rewards ................................................................................. 109
Tabel 4.12 Skor Clarity.................................................................................... 110
Tabel 4.13 Skor Team Spirit ............................................................................ 111
Tabel 4.14 Skor Achievement Motivation ........................................................ 112
Tabel 4.15 Skor Affiliation Motivation ............................................................ 113
Tabel 4.16 Skor Competence Motivation ......................................................... 114
Tabel 4.17 Skor Power Motivation .................................................................. 115
Tabel 4.18 Skor Kejujuran ............................................................................... 116
Tabel 4.19 Skor Kesetiaan ............................................................................... 117
Tabel 4.20 Skor Ketaatan ................................................................................. 118
Tabel 4.21 Skor Inisiatif ................................................................................... 119
Tabel 4.22 Skor Kesanggupan ......................................................................... 120
Tabel 4.23 Skor Kemampuan ........................................................................... 121
Tabel 4.24 Skor Tanggung Jawab .................................................................... 122
Tabel 4.25 Skor Kualitas Kerja ........................................................................ 123
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1 Konsep Motif dan Motivasi.......................................................... 43
Gambar 2.2 Proses Motivasi ............................................................................ 55
Gambar 2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran Pengaruh Iklim Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja
Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai ............................................................. 64
Gambar 2.4 Model Paradigma Penelitian ........................................................ 65
Gambar 4.1 Daerah Kontinum Variabel X1 .................................................... 101
Gambar 4.2 Daerah Kontinum Variabel X2 .................................................... 103
Gambar 4.3 Daerah Kontinum Variabel Y ...................................................... 105
Gambar 4.4 Diagram Skor Iklim Kerja ............................................................ 135
Gambar 4.5 Diagram Skor Motivasi Kerja ...................................................... 138
Gambar 4.6 Diagram Skor Kinerja .................................................................. 140
Yoeyong Rahsel, 2012
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Administrasi Pusat Universitas
Padjadjaran Bandung
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | Repository.Upi.Edu
xi