T BING 1201329 Table of content

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE OF APPROVAL ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
DECLARATION....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
ABSTRACT .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... x
LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1 Introduction ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Background of the Study .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Research Questions .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4 Purposes of the Study ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5 Significance of the Study ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6 Definitions of Key Terms ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7 Organization of the Thesis ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1 Introduction ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Feedback ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.1 Definitions of Feedback ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2 Purposes of Feedback .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.3 Written Feedback Focus ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.3.1 Form-focused Feedback ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.3.2 Content-focused Feedback .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

2.2.3.3 Preferences for Teachers’ Written Feedback Focus ....Error! Bookmark
not defined.
2.2.4 Written Feedback Strategies .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.4.1 Direct Feedback.................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.4.2 Indirect Feedback ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.4.2.1 Coded Feedback ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.4.2.2 Uncoded Feedback........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.4.2.3 Commentary ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.4.2.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Indirect Feedback ........... Error!
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2.2.4.3 Preferences for Teachers’ Strategies in Giving Written Feedback Error!
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2.2.5 Guidelines on Giving Feedback ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 Common Writing Errors ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 Stages of Writing ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5 Discussion Texts .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6 Relevant Studies .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7 Concluding Remarks ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.1 Introduction ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2 Methodology.................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.1

The Purposes of the Study and Research Questions ... Error! Bookmark

not defined.
3.2.2

Research Design ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.3


Setting .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.4

Participants ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
vii

Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

3.2.5

Data Collection Techniques .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.5.1 Classroom Observations ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.5.2 Document Analysis........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.5.3 Interviews ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.6


Data Analysis ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.6.1 Data from Classroom Observations ... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.6.2 Data from Students’ Texts ................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.6.3 Data from Interviews ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2.7

Validity ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3 Concluding Remarks ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION...... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1 Introduction ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Data from Classroom Observations .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.1.

Teacher’s Written Feedback Focus on Students’ Writing ............. Error!

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4.2.2.


Teacher’s Written Feedback Strategies in Giving Written Feedback
Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2.3.

Students’ Preferences for Teacher’s Focus when Giving Written

Feedback ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.4.

Students’ Preferences for Teacher’s Strategies when Giving Written

Feedback ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 Data from Students’ Texts ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.1.

Teacher’s Written Feedback Focus on Students’ Writing ............. Error!

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4.3.1.1. Form-focused Feedback .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3.1.2. Content-focused Feedback ................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2.

Teacher’s Strategies in Giving Written Feedback Error! Bookmark not

defined.
viii
Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

4.3.2.1. Indirect Feedback ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2.1.1 Uncoded Feedback .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2.1.2 Coded Feedback........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2.1.3 Commentary ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2.2. Direct Feedback ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4 Data from Teacher and Student Interviews ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.1.

Data from Teacher Interview ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.


4.4.1.1. Teacher’s Written Feedback Focus on Students’ Writing ..... Error!
Bookmark not defined.
4.4.1.1.1. Form-focused Feedback ........ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.1.1.2. Content-focused Feedback .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.1.2. Teacher’s Strategies in Giving Written Feedback ................. Error!
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4.4.1.2.1. Indirect Feedback .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.1.2.2. Direct Feedback .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.2.

Data from Student Interviews ........... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.2.1. Teacher’s Written Feedback Focus on Students’ Writing ..... Error!
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4.4.2.2. Teacher’s Strategies in Giving Written Feedback ................. Error!
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4.4.2.2.1 Indirect Feedback .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.2.2.2 Direct Feedback .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.2.3. Students’ Preferences for Teacher’s Focus when Giving Written

Feedback .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4.2.4. Student’s Preferences for Teacher’s Strategy in Giving Written
Feedback .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.5 Concluding Remarks ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

ix
Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS, LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 Introduction ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Conclusions ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.6 Limitations of the Study ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.3 Recommendations ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDICES ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

x

Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Error Correction Codes ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 3.1 Types of Teacher’s Written Feedback Focus and Error Types ........ Error!
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Table 4.1 Examples of Students’ Revisions after Receiving Form-focused Feedback
............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 4.2 Examples of Students’ Revisions after Receiving Direct Feedback .. Error!
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Table 4.3 Examples of Students’ Revisions after Receiving Indirect Feedback Error!
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Table 4.4 Teacher’s Feedback Focus and Error TypesError!

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defined.
Table 4.5

Examples of Strudents’ Texts before and after Receiving Form-focused

Feedback ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 4.6 Examples of Students’ Texts before and after Receiving Content-focused
Feedback ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 4.7 Teacher’s Strategies in Giving Written FeedbackError! Bookmark not
defined.
Table 4.8 Examples of Students’ Texts before and after Receiving Indirect Feedback
............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 4.9 Examples of Students’ Texts before and after Receiving Direct Feedback
............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu


LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: A SAMPLE OF THE STUDENTS’ TEXTS WITH THE
TEACHER’S WRITTEN FEEDBACK AND ITS REVISION..Error! Bookmark
not defined.
APPENDIX 2: AN ANALYSIS OF THE TECHER’S FOCUS ON GIVING
WRITTEN FEEDBACK ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 2.1: A framework for the Analysis of the teacher’s Focus on Giving
Written Feedback ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 2.2: An Analysis of the Teacher’s Focus on Giving Written Feedback on
the Students’ Texts ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDIX 3: AN ANALYSIS OF THE TEACHER’S STRATEGIES IN GIVING
WRITTEN FEEDBACK ON THE STUDENTS’ TEXTS .. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Appendix 3.1: A framework for the Analysis of the Teacher’s Strategies on Giving
Written Feedback ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 3.2: An Analysis of the Teacher’s Strategies on Giving Written Feedback
on the Students’ Texts ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDIX 4: INTERVIEW DATA ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 4.1: Questions for Teacher Interview ..... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 4.2: A Sample of Condensed Version of Data from Teacher Interview
........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 4.3: Questions for Student Interviews .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 4.4: A Sample of Condensed Version of Data from Student Interviews
........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Appendix 4.5: A Sample of Condensed Version of Data from Student Interviews
........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDIX 5: OBSERVATION DATA ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Appendix 5.1: A Sample of Observation Notes by the Researcher ................ Error!
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xiii
Yessi Widyasari, 2014
Ateacher’s Written Feedback On Students’ Writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu