COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN AUDIOLINGUAL AND TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE METHODS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING FOR KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN AUDIOLINGUAL AND
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE METHODS IN ENGLISH
LANGUAGE LEARNING FOR KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS A THESIS By: FIKRY PRASTYA SYAHPUTRA REG. NO. 100705027 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014
Comparative Analysis between Audio-lingual and Total Physical Response
Methods in English Language Learning for Kindergarten Students A Thesis By: Fikry Prastya Syahputra Reg. No. 100705027 Supervisor, Co. Supervisor, Drs. H. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A. NIP. 19570803 198404 1 004 NIP. 19581017 198601 1 001Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra in Department of English UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES ENGLISH DEPARTMENT MEDAN 2014
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head, Secretary, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies th University of Sumatera Utara on Thursday, 17 April 2014 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA NIP.19511013 197603 1 001 Board of examiners Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA Prof. Dra. Tengku Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D Drs. H. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL
AUTHOR‟S DECLARATION
I, FIKRY PRASTYA SYAHPUTRA, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS. EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS, THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE.
NO OTHER PERSON‟S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed : Date : April 14, 2014
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : FIKRY PRASTYA SYAHPUTRA TITLE OF THESIS : ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING IN
KINDERGARTEN THROUGH AUDIOLINGUAL AND TOTAL PYSHICAL RESPONSE METHODS QUALIFICATIONS : S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH LITERATURE
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, THE UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed : Date : April 14, 2014
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, in the name of Allah SWT, the writer would like to thank Allah SWT, for all the mercy and blessing that I have. Also for the chance and power that given to me to complete this thesis. Praises and greets to Muhammad SAW who has brought us to the luminous era and lead us to the goodness of mankind.
The writer sincere gratitude also goes to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of North Sumatera, Dr. Syahron Lubis, MA, the Head and the Secretary of English Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D for all the facilities and opportunities given to the writer during the study.
First and foremost, the writer would like to thank the writer supervisor and co-supervisor, Drs. H. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL and Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A.for the guidance, support, advice, and constructive comments during the writing of this thesis.
The writer special thanks are expressed to the writer beloved parents, Freedy Syahputra and Supiah Mansyur and also beloved brother Al Gery Prayudi for giving the writer support and attention. The other special thanks goes toFitri Annisa for her kindness, support, time and love all the time.
Big thanks are addressed to the writer best friends Rizki Andrian,WinaViqa, Annisa Musa, Yuni Erika, Nadia Marchelina, and also to all my friends in English Department attended year of 2010.
For all people in IMSI‟s big family and for my friend Hary Utomo who edited the video, Uke Tri for letting me uses her laptop and Dian Putra who accompanied me in any occasion. Thank you everyone.
Finally, the writer has to admit that this thesis is far from being perfect. Thus any comments, suggestions, and criticism will be humbly accepted. May Allah SWT bless us. Amin.
Medan Fikry Prastya Syahputra
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled; “Comparative Analysis between Audio-lingual and Total Physical Response Methods in English Language Learning for Kindergarten Students” is a study of linguistic. This study appeared because of the issue about government policy to eliminate English subject in Elementary school. This emerged many opinions and claims that interested to be analyzed. Those opinions / claims are; age predictor in language learning and teaching methods effect in the successful of language learning, especially foreign language learning. This study / thesis focus on the language learning and language acquisition of children age of five. The objects of the study are language learning activities in a kindergarten. And discuss the phenomena of language acquisition within the process of English language learning as foreign language.
The study is based on Krashen claims that comparing two teaching methods will lead to an experiment of language acquisition. So this study conducted a research which compared two teaching methods. The methods are; Audio-lingual and Total Physical Response. The teaching material created by the researcher and the teachers. The researcher recorded the teaching-learning activities to recognize the progress of study.
This thesis concluded that Audio-lingual was more effective applied in the TPA/TKI Ad-Dirasa (kindergarten). The conclusion was based on the analysis of the data supported by teachers‟ opinions. There is still a chance of different result regarding the same research with a different object (kindergarten). Because this research is not the final answered of issues related to the topic. This research is a supporting evidence of the writer claims within the topic discussed and a reference to a better teaching method for kindergarten students.
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul “Comparative Analysis between Audio-lingual and Total Physical Response Methods in English Language Learning for Kindergarten Students
” ini adalah study mengenai linguistik. Studi ini muncul karena adanya perdebatan mengenai rencana pemerintah untuk menghapuskan pelajaran bahasa Inggris di Sekolah Dasar. Perdebatan tersebut memunculkan spekulasi-spekulasi yang menarik untuk diteliti, antara lain pengaruh umur dan metode pengajaran bahasa dalam keberhasilan suatu pengajaran bahasa terutama bahasa asing. Dalam
- – study ini berfokus pada pembelajaran bahasa dan pemerolehan bahasa pada anak anak umur 5 tahun. Objek penelitian adalah pembelajaran bahasa di sebuah taman kanak-kanak dan membahas fenomena-fenomena pemerolehan bahasa di dalam proses pengajaran bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing (foreign language).
Penelitian berdasarkan pendapat Krashen yang menyatakan bahwa membandingkan dua metode pembelajaran bahasa akan menuju kepada sebuah penelitian bahasa. Metode yang digunakanadalah Audio-lingual dengan Total Physical Response. Materi yang digunakan rancangan bersama antara guru-guru dan peneliti. Untuk mengetahui kemajuan dalam pembelajaran penilti merekam kegiatan belajar-mengajar.
Dalam study ini Audio-lingual dianggap lebih berhasil diterapkan pada anak- anak. Hal ini berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang berpedoman pada keberhasilan para siswa menyerap materi pembelajaran serta didukung oleh pendapat guru-guru . Akan tetapi tidak menutup kemungkinan di tempat yang lain dengan jenis penelitian yang sama akan mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda pula. Sebab dari itu hasil dari penelitian ini bukan akhir. Hasil studi ini melainkan sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk para pengajar bahasa dan peneliti bahasa lainnya kelak.
TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR‟S DECLARATION COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION………………………………………. 1
1.1 Background of the Study ……………………………………………. 1
1.2 Problems of the Study ………………………………………………… 6
1.3 Objectives of the Study ………………………………………………. 7
1.4 Scope of the Study …………………………………………………… 7
1.5 Significances of the Study……………………………………............ 7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE…………………………. 8
2.1 Behaviorism…………………………………………………………… 8
2.2 Nativism………………………………………………………………. 9
2.3 Audio- Lingual Method……………………………………………….. 11
2.4 Total Physical Response ……………………………………………… 12
2.5 Applied Linguistic Research…………………………………………... 13
2.6 Relevant Studies ………………………………………………………. 14
CHAPTER
III METHOD OF RESEARCH …………………………… 21
3.1 Research Design……………………………………. ………………… 21
3.2 Data and Data Source…………………………….. ………………….. 22
3.3 Data Collecting Method………………………………………………. 23
3.4 Data Analysis………………………………………………………….. 24
3.4.1 Data Reduction ………………………………………………………. 24
3.4.2 Data Display ………………………………………………………… 25
3.4.3 Conclusion Drawing and Verification ……………………………… 25
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING …………………………. . 26
4.1 Analysis……………………………………………………………….. 26
4.2 Findings ……………………………………………………………….. 42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS…………….. .. 52
5.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………… 52
5.2 Suggestions………………………………………………………….. 53