Proceeding ISSIMM 2016 - Malang.pdf (7,789Kb)
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
CONFERENCE ORGANIZER
International Advisory Board
Agus Budiyono, Prof. Dr., Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Australia
Agus Rubiyanto, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS), Indonesia
Arinto Yudi P. Wardoyo, Ph.D., Brawijaya University (UB), Indonesia
Frederic Merienne, Prof., Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Arts et Metiers (ENSAM), France
Gereon Elbers, Prof. Dr. rer. nat., FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Hans Dieter Liess, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., University of Armed Forces Munich, Germany
Hariyadi, Prof. Dr., Ahmad Dahlan University (UAD), Indonesia
Jakrapong Kawkhao, Prof. Dr., NRPU, Thailand
Jazi Eko Istiyanto, Prof. Dr., Gadjah Mada University (UGM), Indonesia
Khairurrijal, Prof. D.Eng., Bandung Instutute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia
Martin Liess, Prof. Dr., RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Mego Pinandito, Dr., LIPI, Indonesia
Mitra Jamal, Prof. Dr.-Ing., Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Mohd Fua'ad Rahmat, Prof. Dr., University Teknology Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia
Ralf Lucklum, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., Otto von Guericke University, Germany
Tatsuhiko Aizawa, Prof. Dr., Shibaura Institute of Technology (SIT), Japan
Tosawat Seetawan, Prof. Dr., Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand
Warsito, Prof. Dr., Universitas of Lampung, Indonesia
Chairman/Co-Chairman
Chairman : Setyawan P. Sakti, Dr.-Ing., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Co-Chairman : Kuwat Triyana, D.Eng., Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Organizing Committee
Achmad Nadhir, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Agfianto Eko Putra, Dr., Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Agus Naba, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Cuk Imawan, Dr.rer.nat., Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Didik R. Santoso, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
D.Djoko H. Santjojo, Ph.D., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Eri Prasetyo, Dr., Gunadarma University, Indonesia
Ersyzario Edo Yunata, Dr., Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan
i
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Lazuardi Umar, Dr.rer.nat., University of Riau, Indonesia
Hari Arief Dharmawan, Ph.D, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Idha Royani, Dr., Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Johan A.E. Noor, Ph.D., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Masruroh, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Melania Suweni Muntini, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Muhammad Miftahul Munir, Dr., Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Muhammad Irfan, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Ramli, Dr., Padang State University, Indonesia
Riska Ekawita, Dr., University of Bengkulu, Indonesia
Sugeng Rianto, Dr., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Suprijadi, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Suyatno, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Yono Hadipramono, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Yulkifli, Dr., Padang State University, Indonesia
Technical Program Committee
Prof. Khairurrijal (Bandung Institute of Technology)
Prof. Mitra Djamal (Indonesia Physics Society)
Dr. Ford Lumban Gaol (Bina Nusantara Univ.)
Dr.-Eng. Didik R. Santosa (Brawijaya University)
Dr. Cuk Imawan (University of Indonesia)
Dr. Melania Suweni Muntini (Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology)
Dr. Muhammad Miftahul Munir (Bandung Institute of Technology)
ii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
PREFACE
On behalf of the Organizing Committee of The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors,
Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology, it is a great honor and pleasure to welcome you to
the conference. The conference will be held in Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia,
from 10th to 11th August 2016.
ISSIMM 2016 is jointly organized by Brawijaya University (UB), Gadjah Mada University (UGM),
Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia University (UI) and Sepuluh Nopember Institute
of Technology (ITS). It is supported by Indonesian Physical Society (IPS), Instrumentation and
Metrology (Puslit KIM-LIPI) and sponsored by IEEE Indonesia Section. The conference is a fusion
of “International Conference on Sensor, Sensor System and Actuator (ICSSSA)” and “International
Seminar on Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology."
The conference is for the exchange of information, research, and development in the fields of
Sensor, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology. We hope that the ISSIMM 2016 also creates
an opportunity for scientist, engineer, practitioners, students in the fields to meet and make a contact
with new peers and colleagues in the fields. The Organizing Committee are doing all efforts to
ensure a successful conference. We also hope you enjoy Malang with its beautiful climate,
hospitality, and its historic places. Malang is surrounded by active volcanoes, i.e. mount Bromo,
Semeru, Welirang and Arjuno. In a clear weather, you can see the volcanoes in the morning from
where you stay in Malang.
I cordially invite all of you to join the conference, take the chance to meet with colleagues in the
fields and share your research result and knowledge at ISSIMM 2016. We wish you all have a good
experience, friendships and memories on this
conference. We wish to meet you again in the next
ISSIMM conference.
The organizing committee would like to deeply
thanks to the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
Sciences, Department of Physics of the Brawijaya
University and Advanced System and Material
Technology Research Centre (ASMAT) for
sponsoring and supporting this conference.
Malang, August 2016
Setyawan P. Sakti (Chairman of ISSIMM 2016)
Kuwat Triyana (Co-Chairman of ISSIMM 2016)
iii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
INVITED SPEAKER
Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa
Shibaura Institute of Tachnology
([email protected])
Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa received B.E (1975), M.E. (1977), and D.E. (1980)
degrees in Nuclear Engineering from University of Tokyo. He is a professor in
Department of Engineering and Design, Shibaura Institute of Technology. His
current interest includes nano- and micromanufacturing, plasma processing, high
dense nanotechnology, and surface design engineering.
Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao
NRPU, Thailand
Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao received Ph.D. degree in physics from King
Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand, in 2008.
He attended a postdoctoral short course research of an X-rays induced
luminescence study in glasses, supervised by Prof. HongJoo Kim, at
KyungPook National University (KNU), Korea, in 2012. In the same year, he
has been awarded as the best alumni of Silpakorn University, Thailand. Through
his academic career, his research interests involve glass scintillators, photonic
glasses, color glasses, radiation shielding glasses (gamma and neutron), gemstone enhancements,
and imitation jewelry from glasses. His research on imitation jewelry from glasses has been
awarded by several national organizations, e.g., Thailand Research Fund (TRF), National
Innovation Agency (NIA), The Science Society of Thailand (SST), and National Research Council
of Thailand (NRCT). His recent work focuses on the development of imitation of color-changed
gemstone for ornament products, and has recently been awarded by National Research Council of
Thailand (NRCT) in 2015. This project has also been awarded the Best Innovation Awards by the
43rd International Exhibition of Innovation of Geneva, Switzerland, and the Medaille D’Argent
Silver Medal Silbermadaille in 2015.
Prof. Gereon elbers
FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences
([email protected])
Prof. Elbers got his Ph.D (Dr. rer. nat.) in 1986, at Institute of Physical
Chemistry of Muenster University, with Prof. Dr. G. Lehmann, University as his
advisor. His thesis entitled Spectroscopy of Solids, UV/Vis and Electron
Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of transition metal impurities in diamagnetic
single crystals. He then worked at Agency of Nature, Environment and
Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW, former: North Rhine-Westphalia State Center of Air Quality,
Noise and Vibration), Germany. At LANUV NRW, his work focus on the topics of
chemical/physical analysis of hazards, air quality monitoring, development of measuring and
analysis methods.
iv
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Prof. Mohd Fu'aad bin Rahmat
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
([email protected])
Prof. Mohd Fu'aad bin Rahmat received Bachelor of Electical Engineering
degree in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, in 1989. In 1993 he received Master
of Science degree in control system engineering from University of Sheffield,
England. In 1996 he received PhD degree in electronic instrumentation
engineering from Sheffield Hallam University, England. He got Hinckley Prize
for Outstanding Academic Achievement in the field of Engineering in 1997. In 2011, he got the title
of professor. His field of specialization in control is system identification and estimation, controller
design and process control instrumentation. In instrumentation, he has specialization for process
tomography, flow measurement and sensor design.
Prof. Tossawat Seetawan
Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research Development Institute,
Sakon Nakhon Rajabath University
([email protected])
Prof Tossawat Seetawan received his Ph.D. in Physics. In 2011, he has been
awarded “Outstanding National Research Award” in recognition of his research
in thermoeletric entitled “Thermoelectric Generator by Using Raw Materials in
Thailand”. His expertises are in the area of thermal properties, thermoelectric,
conductivity and material characterization. At present he is Associate Dean Faculty of Science and
Technology, chief of Centere of Excellence on Alternative Energy and Chief of Thermoelectric
Research Centre at Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat Univeristy, Thailand and President of Thai
Thermoelectric Society.
Dr. Mego Pinandito, M.Eng
Director of Research Center for Metrology LIPI
([email protected])
Dr. Mego Pinandito received his bachelor in 1992 and master degree in 1994
from Ehime University, Japan. He received his doctoral degree from Shinshu
University, Japan in 2001. His current position is the Director of Research Center
for Metrology of the Indonesian Institute of Science. His works includes
telemetry, lidar, navigation system, calibration and metrology. He also known as
an expert in radiometry and photometry.
v
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
FLOOR PLANS
vi
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
FLOOR PLANS
1st Floor
vii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
FLOOR PLANS
2nd Floor
viii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
PROGRAMME
August 09, 2016
Date & Time
Location
Event
st
12:00 - 16:00
1 Floor, MIPA Center Registration & Seminar Kit
August 10, 2016
07:30 - 08:00
1st Floor, MIPA Center
08:00 - 08.15
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
08:15 - 09:00
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
09:00 - 09:45
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
09:45 - 10:00
10:00 - 10:45
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
10:45 - 11:30
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
11:30 - 12:30
12:30 - 13:00
Main Conference
Room & MC 2.6
Registration & Seminar Kit
Opening ceremony
Keynote Speaker: Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa
Invited Speaker I: Prof. Jakrapong
Kaewkhao
Coffee break
Invited Speaker II: Prof. Gereon Elbers
Invited Speaker III: Prof. Mohd F. Rahmat
Lunch
Invited Speaker IV & V:
Prof.Tossawat Seetawan &
13:00 - 14:30
14:30 - 14:45
14:45 - 15:15
15:15 - 17:00
19:00 - 21:00
2nd Floor, MIPA
Center
1st Floor, MIPA Center
1st Floor, MIPA Center
2nd Floor, MIPA
Center
Main Hall MIPA
Center
Dr. Mego Pinandito
Parallel Session I
Poster Session
Coffe break
Parallel Sesion II
Closing Ceremony
Hospitality (Round table dinner)
August 11, 2016
08:00 - 11:00
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Instrumentation, Measurement & Sensor
open Discussion.
Prof. Jazi Eko Istiyanto (Nuclear Energy
Regulatory Agency)
Prof. Mitra Jamal (Indonesia Physics
Society)
Dr.-Ing. Setyawan P. Sakti, M.Eng.
(Brawijaya University)
1
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 2
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 3
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 4
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 5
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 6
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
SP01
Design Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) as PreAmp on ECG with 0,35µm
CMOS Technology
Yulisdin Mukhlis1,a, Dyah Nur'ainingsih1,b and Veronica3,c
1
Gunadarma University, Jl. Margonda Raya no 100 Depok, Indonesia
[email protected], [email protected],
c
[email protected]
a
Keywords: gain, Op-Amp, PreAmp, ECG
ABSTRACT. The heartbeat has a frequency from 0.1 Hz to 150 Hz. The electrical signal which is resulted
from the heartbeat has amplitude of 100μV - 100 mV. In order that the amplitude can be sampled by the
ADC, it must be amplified 100 times, thus amplitude amplifier about 60dB it is required. In this research, the
researcher designs a System on Chip ECG based on Einthoven method which has 3 Leads, so amplitude can
be amplified based on the different voltage of each Lead. Differential amplifier is an initial amplifier that
will amplify the difference of two inputs of voltage. Differential amplifier is designed using 3 operational
amplifiers (op-amp). Op-Amp A1 and Op-Amp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the difference of two
input levels. The function of Op-Amp A3 is to amplify the difference results of the sampled input level. OpAmp A1, Op-Amp A2 and Op-Amp A3 are designed with offset voltage of Vos ≈ 0V, Open Loop Gain ≈ 54
dB, Phase Margin ≈ 600 and Unity Gain Bandwidth ≈ 154.8 MHz. Method of the research is design and
simulation using 0.35 micro Mentor Graphics technology. Result of the research is a layout of PreAmp for
System on Chip ECG with gain of 62.4 dB and 0.034 mm2 area.
Figure 1. Block diagram of research
References
[1] J. Kolczyński, “Design of Operational Amplifier with Low Power Consumption in 0,35µmTechnology”
14th International Conference Mixdes 2007 Ciechocinek, Poland, 21-23 June 2007.
[2] T. Raj Kumar, M. Ganga Ram and M. Maheshwar, “A New High Performance CMOS Differential
Amplifier”, International Journal of Electronic Engineering Research, Vol 1 No 2 pp. 147-154, 2009.
[3] R. Jacob Baker, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation” 3rd Edition IEEE Press, Wiley
pub1998, New Jersey, pp. 711-738.
[4] K. A. Ng and P. K. Chan, “A CMOS Analog Front End IC for portable ECG/EEG monitoring
Application”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 52(11):2335-2347.
[5] Alex Wong and Choy, “An ECG Measurement IC Using Driven Right Leg Circuit”, IEEE International
Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2006, pp 345-348.
Page | 61
Design of Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) as PreAmp
on ECG With 0,35 CMOS Technology
Yulisdin Mukhlis
Dyah Nur’ainingsih
Veronica Ernita Kristianti
Electrical Engineering
Gunadarma University
Jl. Margonda Raya no 100,
Depok, Indonesia
[email protected]
Electrical Engineering
Gunadarma University
Jl. Margonda Raya no 100,
Depok, Indonesia
[email protected]
Electrical Engineering
Gunadarma University
Jl. Margonda Raya no 100,
Depok, Indonesia
[email protected]
Abstract—The heartbeat has frequency from 0.1 Hz to 150
Hz. The electrical signal which is resulted from the heartbeat has
amplitude of 100μV - 4 mV. In order that the amplitude can be
sampled by the ADC, it must be amplified 100 times, thus
amplitude amplifier about 60dB it is required. In this research,
the researcher designs a System on Chip ECG based on
Einthoven method which has 3 Leads, so amplitude can be
amplified based on the different voltage of each Lead.
Differential amplifier is an initial amplifier that will amplify the
difference of two inputs of voltage. Differential amplifier is
designed using 3 operational amplifiers (op-amp). Op-Amp A1
and Op-Amp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the
difference of two input levels. The function of Op-Amp A3 is to
amplify the difference results of the sampled input level. Op-Amp
A1, Op-Amp A2 and Op-Amp A3 are designed with offset voltage
of Vos ≈ 0V, Open Loop Gain ≈ 66.42 dB, Phase Margin ≈ 400
and Unity Gain Bandwidth ≈ 160.7MHz. Method of the research
is design and simulation using 0.35 micro Mentor Graphics
technology. Result of the research is a layout of PreAmp for
System on Chip ECG with gain of 62.4 dB and 0.034 mm2 area.
Keywords—OpAmp; PreAmp; ECG
I. INTRODUCTION
Electrocardiograph (ECG) is a medical device that is used
to measure the electrical activity of the heart. The method used
is measuring the biopotential difference on every Lead. ECG
signal is an AC signal with a bandwidth from 0.1 Hz to 150
Hz and amplitude of 100 uV up to 4 mV [1,2] .
The amplitude signal will be amplified to 60 dB (AV≈ 100
times) by the Pre Amp (IA) so that it can be processed by the
ADC.
The main components of the IA are three pieces of
OpAmp (A1, A2 and A3). OpAmp A1 and OpAmp A2 are
used for detecting and sampling the voltage difference
between the two Leads. The function of OpAmp A3 as a
buffer. Amplification of amplifier is determined by the
value of Rgain.
Overall of research
Topics of research
A1
R1
R3
Ra
A3
Rb
A2
R2
R4
Fig 1. Block diagram of Research
The Instrumentation Amplifier as PreAmp ECG must have
of several requirements as follows [3.4].
Have a high input impedance (Differential > 2.5
Mohm and common-mode > 100 Mohm).
High CMRR so that have ability to reduce the noise
(CMRR > 80 dB).
Assuming R1 = R2 and R3 = R4, the amount ofdifferential
can be determined:
The differential is a lot of influencedby the value of Rgain.
II. TRANSCONDUCTANCE CMOS OP AMP (OTA)
Function of op-amp on IA is used on sampling of
differential voltages and buffer process. Op-amp requirements
and specifications on ADC are [5,6,7]:
Gain Open Loop (AoL) ≥ 2N+2 V/V.
Gain Open Loop (dB) ≥ 20.Log 2N+2 V/V.
Gain Close Loop (AcL) = 2 V/V
Frequency Unity (ƒu) ≥ 0,22(N + 1) ƒclock.
Fig. 2 is op-amp OTA circuits. Differential gain (M1-4)
provides two inputs, inverting and non inverting, which cause
noise and offset. High gain (M9-7) is almost similiar to not
gate if opamp drives low loads, then it is followed by buffer
stage, and current M5 (IM5) resulted from current mirror
circuits.
where
gds = parameter of transconductance drain to source
= parameter of channel length modulation
Fig 3. Schematic of CMOS OTA
Fig 2. Diagram block of OTA Circuit
Idealop-amp has several characteristics namely unlimited
open loop mode gain (AoL..), close loop mode gain = 1,
unlimited input impedance, value of output impedance is
nearly 0, unlimited gain of bandwidth, value of Vout=Av
(V+V-), with Av used on design for open loop mode gain.
All oop-amps have restriction on its operating voltage
range. CMIR limit (common input mode range) is border
range scale of each op-amp input. Beyond the limit, it will
cause cause output distortion or truncated.
CMR VSS
I D5
Vin(max) VDS 5( sat ) 90%.VOS
CMR VDD
I D5
VTO3 (max) Vin(min) 90%.VOS
1
3
Function of current mirror as bias current source for
MOS components is as controller or as driver of current
source towards control current, e.g. Iref = Iout.
In fig 2, op-amp of 2 transconductance stages can be
analyzed as follows:
ID1 = ID2 =
SlewRate (SR) =
Gain of stage 1
AV 1
ISS = ID5, ID3=ID4 ,
gm1, 2
2 gm1, 2
gds2 gds4 Iss 2 4
Gain of stage 2
AV 2
gm6
gm6
gds6 gds7 I D6 6 7
With λN = 0.05V-1 and λp = 0.15V-1, for technology 0.35
µm available of result Open Loop Gain (AoL) = 67,9 dB,
Phase Margin (PM) = 59.20, Slew Rate (SR) = 289.86/µS and
CMR = + 2.68V and – 2.85V.
Table 1. W/L OTA
MOS
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
Cc
µm
42/0.35
42/0.35
2.2/0.35
2.2/0.35
9/0.35
12.5/0.35
51/0.35
0.9/0.35
0.6/10
0.6/10
0.25 pf
Drain Current
µA
20
20
20
20
40
224
224
4
4
4
III. INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER
Fig 4 shows the schematic of instrumentation amplifier for
biomedical applications. This instrumentation amplifier based
on OTA , which actually could accomplish the desired
features of high common mode rejection .The Instrumentation
Amplifier is based on a current-balancing technique . The
differential inputs voltage, Vin1 and Vin2, are converted into
a Differential Currents [8].
A1
A3
A2
Fig 4. Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig 6. The result of testing CMR
A1, A2 and A3 are OTA. For ideal conditions, it is
determinedthat Av = 60dB, RA = RB = 10K and R1 = R2 =
R3 = R4 = 100K, so that it is obtained the value of Rgain:
= 60dB
Av = 20 log
3.
Av ≈ 1000 V/V
1000 =
The results of simulation obtained the value of CMR = +
2.673V and - 3V. There is a shift of the graph from the
results of the calculation, which means there is value of W
/ L thatcan be lowered again. Factors shift from the ideal
value can be attributed to the influence of in capacitor and
the value of Kn, Kp is variable.
Testing of Slew Rate, AoL and Phase Margin
The testing of Slew rate are shown as follows:
, Rgain = 100K
IV. RESULTS OF SIMULATION
A. Transconductans Amplifier OTA
The testing simulation uses CATsoftware mentor
graphicsAMS technology 0,35μm. The testing is focused on
the characteristics of the op-amp circuit applied into the ECG.
1. DC Offset (Vos) and Output Swing (OS).
The Op Amp of OTAis giventhe power supply DC 3.3 V
and - 3.3 V. The results of the simulation as in figure 5.
Fig 7. The Simulation Result of Slew Rate
The result of SR obtained shows that there is difference
between calculation and simulation. SR calculation = 289.86V
/ μS and SR simulation = 130.34 V / μS. Settling time is 14nS
for 1%.
Fig 5. Characteristic of Vos and Output Swing
On the figure above, it is obtained that the value of
voltage output swing (OS) with OS + = 2,87V and OS - = 3,19V. And the offset voltage approaches 0V where the
meeting point (0,0) is equal to 0,0008V.
2. CMR with Input AC
The testing of CMR using of level input AC is shown in
Figure 6 below.
Fig 8. Simulation of AoL and PM
The calculation of simulation for W / L using the value Kn
= 175μA / V and Kp = 60μA / V, obtained the value of AOL =
66.42 dB, PM = 400 and GBW = 160.7 MHz.
B. Instrumentation Amplifier (IA)
Input of simulation is a sinusoidal input and PWL signal
with the characteristic of ECG.
V. CONCLUSION
The minimum requirements of differential Pre Amp for
differential the ECG signal is 60 dB. The result of
simulationshowsthe differential Pre Amp 62.4 dB. These
results are ideal. If the enlarged differential, noise also
increases. Output IA added DC bias of 0,24 mA. DC bias is
used like a phase shifting toward a positive level; so that the
rule of minimum sampling is1 LSB in ADC is full field. The
resulting of size layout is 0.034 mm2.
Fig 9. Simulation of IA with sinusoidal input
Input V + and V- is a sinusoidal voltage with delay V =
100 μs. The simulation results obtained of differential AV ≈
62.4 dB.
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
Fig 10. Simulation of IA with input PWL ECG
The method of simulation is given V+ input PWL ECG
normal, while V- given input inverse of V+. To avoid the
negative level, added to the DC bias of 0.24 mA so thatoccura
phase shift toward the positive level. It aims to PWL ECG
signal can be sample perfectly to the ADC.
C. Layout IA as a PreAmp
Pre Amp layout consists of 3 layouts of Op Amp and 7
Resistor as shown in the fig 11. Size of layout is 0.034 mm2.
Fig 11.PreAmp Layout
[6]
[7]
[8]
S. Y. Lee and C.J. Cheng, “Systematic design and modeling of a ota-c
filter for ecg detection,”IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and
System, Vol 3, 2009, pp 53-64
K.A.Ng and P.K.Chan, “A CMOS Analog front end IC for portable
ECG/EEG Monitoring Application”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and
System, 52(11):2335-2347.
T. Kugelstadt, “Getting the most out of Instrumentation Amplifier
design”, Analog Application Journal, 2005, 18(12), pp 25-30.
H. Wu and Y.P. Xu, “A low voltage low noise cmos intrumentation
amplifier for portable medical monitoring system”, IEEE-NEWCAS, pp
295-298.
J. Baker, CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation, 3rd Edition
IEEE Press on Microelectronic System, Wiley Pub, New Jersey, 1998,
pp 711-738.
J. Kolezynski, “Design of Operational Amplifier with low power
consumption in 0,35 µm Technology” 14th International Conference
Mixdes 2007 Ciechocinek, Poland, 21-23 June 2007.
Mukhlis. Yulisdin, et al, ” Design ADC Single Slope Embedded For
ECG Application With CMOS 0,35µ Technology”, 2013 IEEE
International Conference on Electronics Technology and Industrial
Development, Bali, Oct 23-24, 2013.
T. Raj Kumar, M. Ganga Ram and M. Maheshwar, “A new high
performance CMOS differential amplifier”, International Journal of
Electronic Engineering Research, Vol 1 no 2, 2009, pp 147-154.
CONFERENCE ORGANIZER
International Advisory Board
Agus Budiyono, Prof. Dr., Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Australia
Agus Rubiyanto, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS), Indonesia
Arinto Yudi P. Wardoyo, Ph.D., Brawijaya University (UB), Indonesia
Frederic Merienne, Prof., Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Arts et Metiers (ENSAM), France
Gereon Elbers, Prof. Dr. rer. nat., FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Hans Dieter Liess, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., University of Armed Forces Munich, Germany
Hariyadi, Prof. Dr., Ahmad Dahlan University (UAD), Indonesia
Jakrapong Kawkhao, Prof. Dr., NRPU, Thailand
Jazi Eko Istiyanto, Prof. Dr., Gadjah Mada University (UGM), Indonesia
Khairurrijal, Prof. D.Eng., Bandung Instutute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia
Martin Liess, Prof. Dr., RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Mego Pinandito, Dr., LIPI, Indonesia
Mitra Jamal, Prof. Dr.-Ing., Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Mohd Fua'ad Rahmat, Prof. Dr., University Teknology Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia
Ralf Lucklum, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., Otto von Guericke University, Germany
Tatsuhiko Aizawa, Prof. Dr., Shibaura Institute of Technology (SIT), Japan
Tosawat Seetawan, Prof. Dr., Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand
Warsito, Prof. Dr., Universitas of Lampung, Indonesia
Chairman/Co-Chairman
Chairman : Setyawan P. Sakti, Dr.-Ing., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Co-Chairman : Kuwat Triyana, D.Eng., Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Organizing Committee
Achmad Nadhir, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Agfianto Eko Putra, Dr., Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Agus Naba, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Cuk Imawan, Dr.rer.nat., Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Didik R. Santoso, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
D.Djoko H. Santjojo, Ph.D., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Eri Prasetyo, Dr., Gunadarma University, Indonesia
Ersyzario Edo Yunata, Dr., Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan
i
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Lazuardi Umar, Dr.rer.nat., University of Riau, Indonesia
Hari Arief Dharmawan, Ph.D, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Idha Royani, Dr., Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Johan A.E. Noor, Ph.D., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Masruroh, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Melania Suweni Muntini, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Muhammad Miftahul Munir, Dr., Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Muhammad Irfan, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Ramli, Dr., Padang State University, Indonesia
Riska Ekawita, Dr., University of Bengkulu, Indonesia
Sugeng Rianto, Dr., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Suprijadi, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Suyatno, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Yono Hadipramono, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Yulkifli, Dr., Padang State University, Indonesia
Technical Program Committee
Prof. Khairurrijal (Bandung Institute of Technology)
Prof. Mitra Djamal (Indonesia Physics Society)
Dr. Ford Lumban Gaol (Bina Nusantara Univ.)
Dr.-Eng. Didik R. Santosa (Brawijaya University)
Dr. Cuk Imawan (University of Indonesia)
Dr. Melania Suweni Muntini (Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology)
Dr. Muhammad Miftahul Munir (Bandung Institute of Technology)
ii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
PREFACE
On behalf of the Organizing Committee of The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors,
Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology, it is a great honor and pleasure to welcome you to
the conference. The conference will be held in Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia,
from 10th to 11th August 2016.
ISSIMM 2016 is jointly organized by Brawijaya University (UB), Gadjah Mada University (UGM),
Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia University (UI) and Sepuluh Nopember Institute
of Technology (ITS). It is supported by Indonesian Physical Society (IPS), Instrumentation and
Metrology (Puslit KIM-LIPI) and sponsored by IEEE Indonesia Section. The conference is a fusion
of “International Conference on Sensor, Sensor System and Actuator (ICSSSA)” and “International
Seminar on Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology."
The conference is for the exchange of information, research, and development in the fields of
Sensor, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology. We hope that the ISSIMM 2016 also creates
an opportunity for scientist, engineer, practitioners, students in the fields to meet and make a contact
with new peers and colleagues in the fields. The Organizing Committee are doing all efforts to
ensure a successful conference. We also hope you enjoy Malang with its beautiful climate,
hospitality, and its historic places. Malang is surrounded by active volcanoes, i.e. mount Bromo,
Semeru, Welirang and Arjuno. In a clear weather, you can see the volcanoes in the morning from
where you stay in Malang.
I cordially invite all of you to join the conference, take the chance to meet with colleagues in the
fields and share your research result and knowledge at ISSIMM 2016. We wish you all have a good
experience, friendships and memories on this
conference. We wish to meet you again in the next
ISSIMM conference.
The organizing committee would like to deeply
thanks to the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
Sciences, Department of Physics of the Brawijaya
University and Advanced System and Material
Technology Research Centre (ASMAT) for
sponsoring and supporting this conference.
Malang, August 2016
Setyawan P. Sakti (Chairman of ISSIMM 2016)
Kuwat Triyana (Co-Chairman of ISSIMM 2016)
iii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
INVITED SPEAKER
Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa
Shibaura Institute of Tachnology
([email protected])
Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa received B.E (1975), M.E. (1977), and D.E. (1980)
degrees in Nuclear Engineering from University of Tokyo. He is a professor in
Department of Engineering and Design, Shibaura Institute of Technology. His
current interest includes nano- and micromanufacturing, plasma processing, high
dense nanotechnology, and surface design engineering.
Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao
NRPU, Thailand
Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao received Ph.D. degree in physics from King
Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand, in 2008.
He attended a postdoctoral short course research of an X-rays induced
luminescence study in glasses, supervised by Prof. HongJoo Kim, at
KyungPook National University (KNU), Korea, in 2012. In the same year, he
has been awarded as the best alumni of Silpakorn University, Thailand. Through
his academic career, his research interests involve glass scintillators, photonic
glasses, color glasses, radiation shielding glasses (gamma and neutron), gemstone enhancements,
and imitation jewelry from glasses. His research on imitation jewelry from glasses has been
awarded by several national organizations, e.g., Thailand Research Fund (TRF), National
Innovation Agency (NIA), The Science Society of Thailand (SST), and National Research Council
of Thailand (NRCT). His recent work focuses on the development of imitation of color-changed
gemstone for ornament products, and has recently been awarded by National Research Council of
Thailand (NRCT) in 2015. This project has also been awarded the Best Innovation Awards by the
43rd International Exhibition of Innovation of Geneva, Switzerland, and the Medaille D’Argent
Silver Medal Silbermadaille in 2015.
Prof. Gereon elbers
FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences
([email protected])
Prof. Elbers got his Ph.D (Dr. rer. nat.) in 1986, at Institute of Physical
Chemistry of Muenster University, with Prof. Dr. G. Lehmann, University as his
advisor. His thesis entitled Spectroscopy of Solids, UV/Vis and Electron
Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of transition metal impurities in diamagnetic
single crystals. He then worked at Agency of Nature, Environment and
Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW, former: North Rhine-Westphalia State Center of Air Quality,
Noise and Vibration), Germany. At LANUV NRW, his work focus on the topics of
chemical/physical analysis of hazards, air quality monitoring, development of measuring and
analysis methods.
iv
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Prof. Mohd Fu'aad bin Rahmat
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
([email protected])
Prof. Mohd Fu'aad bin Rahmat received Bachelor of Electical Engineering
degree in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, in 1989. In 1993 he received Master
of Science degree in control system engineering from University of Sheffield,
England. In 1996 he received PhD degree in electronic instrumentation
engineering from Sheffield Hallam University, England. He got Hinckley Prize
for Outstanding Academic Achievement in the field of Engineering in 1997. In 2011, he got the title
of professor. His field of specialization in control is system identification and estimation, controller
design and process control instrumentation. In instrumentation, he has specialization for process
tomography, flow measurement and sensor design.
Prof. Tossawat Seetawan
Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research Development Institute,
Sakon Nakhon Rajabath University
([email protected])
Prof Tossawat Seetawan received his Ph.D. in Physics. In 2011, he has been
awarded “Outstanding National Research Award” in recognition of his research
in thermoeletric entitled “Thermoelectric Generator by Using Raw Materials in
Thailand”. His expertises are in the area of thermal properties, thermoelectric,
conductivity and material characterization. At present he is Associate Dean Faculty of Science and
Technology, chief of Centere of Excellence on Alternative Energy and Chief of Thermoelectric
Research Centre at Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat Univeristy, Thailand and President of Thai
Thermoelectric Society.
Dr. Mego Pinandito, M.Eng
Director of Research Center for Metrology LIPI
([email protected])
Dr. Mego Pinandito received his bachelor in 1992 and master degree in 1994
from Ehime University, Japan. He received his doctoral degree from Shinshu
University, Japan in 2001. His current position is the Director of Research Center
for Metrology of the Indonesian Institute of Science. His works includes
telemetry, lidar, navigation system, calibration and metrology. He also known as
an expert in radiometry and photometry.
v
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
FLOOR PLANS
vi
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
FLOOR PLANS
1st Floor
vii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
FLOOR PLANS
2nd Floor
viii
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
PROGRAMME
August 09, 2016
Date & Time
Location
Event
st
12:00 - 16:00
1 Floor, MIPA Center Registration & Seminar Kit
August 10, 2016
07:30 - 08:00
1st Floor, MIPA Center
08:00 - 08.15
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
08:15 - 09:00
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
09:00 - 09:45
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
09:45 - 10:00
10:00 - 10:45
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
10:45 - 11:30
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
11:30 - 12:30
12:30 - 13:00
Main Conference
Room & MC 2.6
Registration & Seminar Kit
Opening ceremony
Keynote Speaker: Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa
Invited Speaker I: Prof. Jakrapong
Kaewkhao
Coffee break
Invited Speaker II: Prof. Gereon Elbers
Invited Speaker III: Prof. Mohd F. Rahmat
Lunch
Invited Speaker IV & V:
Prof.Tossawat Seetawan &
13:00 - 14:30
14:30 - 14:45
14:45 - 15:15
15:15 - 17:00
19:00 - 21:00
2nd Floor, MIPA
Center
1st Floor, MIPA Center
1st Floor, MIPA Center
2nd Floor, MIPA
Center
Main Hall MIPA
Center
Dr. Mego Pinandito
Parallel Session I
Poster Session
Coffe break
Parallel Sesion II
Closing Ceremony
Hospitality (Round table dinner)
August 11, 2016
08:00 - 11:00
Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Instrumentation, Measurement & Sensor
open Discussion.
Prof. Jazi Eko Istiyanto (Nuclear Energy
Regulatory Agency)
Prof. Mitra Jamal (Indonesia Physics
Society)
Dr.-Ing. Setyawan P. Sakti, M.Eng.
(Brawijaya University)
1
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 2
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 3
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 4
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 5
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
Page | 6
The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology
SP01
Design Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) as PreAmp on ECG with 0,35µm
CMOS Technology
Yulisdin Mukhlis1,a, Dyah Nur'ainingsih1,b and Veronica3,c
1
Gunadarma University, Jl. Margonda Raya no 100 Depok, Indonesia
[email protected], [email protected],
c
[email protected]
a
Keywords: gain, Op-Amp, PreAmp, ECG
ABSTRACT. The heartbeat has a frequency from 0.1 Hz to 150 Hz. The electrical signal which is resulted
from the heartbeat has amplitude of 100μV - 100 mV. In order that the amplitude can be sampled by the
ADC, it must be amplified 100 times, thus amplitude amplifier about 60dB it is required. In this research, the
researcher designs a System on Chip ECG based on Einthoven method which has 3 Leads, so amplitude can
be amplified based on the different voltage of each Lead. Differential amplifier is an initial amplifier that
will amplify the difference of two inputs of voltage. Differential amplifier is designed using 3 operational
amplifiers (op-amp). Op-Amp A1 and Op-Amp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the difference of two
input levels. The function of Op-Amp A3 is to amplify the difference results of the sampled input level. OpAmp A1, Op-Amp A2 and Op-Amp A3 are designed with offset voltage of Vos ≈ 0V, Open Loop Gain ≈ 54
dB, Phase Margin ≈ 600 and Unity Gain Bandwidth ≈ 154.8 MHz. Method of the research is design and
simulation using 0.35 micro Mentor Graphics technology. Result of the research is a layout of PreAmp for
System on Chip ECG with gain of 62.4 dB and 0.034 mm2 area.
Figure 1. Block diagram of research
References
[1] J. Kolczyński, “Design of Operational Amplifier with Low Power Consumption in 0,35µmTechnology”
14th International Conference Mixdes 2007 Ciechocinek, Poland, 21-23 June 2007.
[2] T. Raj Kumar, M. Ganga Ram and M. Maheshwar, “A New High Performance CMOS Differential
Amplifier”, International Journal of Electronic Engineering Research, Vol 1 No 2 pp. 147-154, 2009.
[3] R. Jacob Baker, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation” 3rd Edition IEEE Press, Wiley
pub1998, New Jersey, pp. 711-738.
[4] K. A. Ng and P. K. Chan, “A CMOS Analog Front End IC for portable ECG/EEG monitoring
Application”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 52(11):2335-2347.
[5] Alex Wong and Choy, “An ECG Measurement IC Using Driven Right Leg Circuit”, IEEE International
Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2006, pp 345-348.
Page | 61
Design of Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) as PreAmp
on ECG With 0,35 CMOS Technology
Yulisdin Mukhlis
Dyah Nur’ainingsih
Veronica Ernita Kristianti
Electrical Engineering
Gunadarma University
Jl. Margonda Raya no 100,
Depok, Indonesia
[email protected]
Electrical Engineering
Gunadarma University
Jl. Margonda Raya no 100,
Depok, Indonesia
[email protected]
Electrical Engineering
Gunadarma University
Jl. Margonda Raya no 100,
Depok, Indonesia
[email protected]
Abstract—The heartbeat has frequency from 0.1 Hz to 150
Hz. The electrical signal which is resulted from the heartbeat has
amplitude of 100μV - 4 mV. In order that the amplitude can be
sampled by the ADC, it must be amplified 100 times, thus
amplitude amplifier about 60dB it is required. In this research,
the researcher designs a System on Chip ECG based on
Einthoven method which has 3 Leads, so amplitude can be
amplified based on the different voltage of each Lead.
Differential amplifier is an initial amplifier that will amplify the
difference of two inputs of voltage. Differential amplifier is
designed using 3 operational amplifiers (op-amp). Op-Amp A1
and Op-Amp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the
difference of two input levels. The function of Op-Amp A3 is to
amplify the difference results of the sampled input level. Op-Amp
A1, Op-Amp A2 and Op-Amp A3 are designed with offset voltage
of Vos ≈ 0V, Open Loop Gain ≈ 66.42 dB, Phase Margin ≈ 400
and Unity Gain Bandwidth ≈ 160.7MHz. Method of the research
is design and simulation using 0.35 micro Mentor Graphics
technology. Result of the research is a layout of PreAmp for
System on Chip ECG with gain of 62.4 dB and 0.034 mm2 area.
Keywords—OpAmp; PreAmp; ECG
I. INTRODUCTION
Electrocardiograph (ECG) is a medical device that is used
to measure the electrical activity of the heart. The method used
is measuring the biopotential difference on every Lead. ECG
signal is an AC signal with a bandwidth from 0.1 Hz to 150
Hz and amplitude of 100 uV up to 4 mV [1,2] .
The amplitude signal will be amplified to 60 dB (AV≈ 100
times) by the Pre Amp (IA) so that it can be processed by the
ADC.
The main components of the IA are three pieces of
OpAmp (A1, A2 and A3). OpAmp A1 and OpAmp A2 are
used for detecting and sampling the voltage difference
between the two Leads. The function of OpAmp A3 as a
buffer. Amplification of amplifier is determined by the
value of Rgain.
Overall of research
Topics of research
A1
R1
R3
Ra
A3
Rb
A2
R2
R4
Fig 1. Block diagram of Research
The Instrumentation Amplifier as PreAmp ECG must have
of several requirements as follows [3.4].
Have a high input impedance (Differential > 2.5
Mohm and common-mode > 100 Mohm).
High CMRR so that have ability to reduce the noise
(CMRR > 80 dB).
Assuming R1 = R2 and R3 = R4, the amount ofdifferential
can be determined:
The differential is a lot of influencedby the value of Rgain.
II. TRANSCONDUCTANCE CMOS OP AMP (OTA)
Function of op-amp on IA is used on sampling of
differential voltages and buffer process. Op-amp requirements
and specifications on ADC are [5,6,7]:
Gain Open Loop (AoL) ≥ 2N+2 V/V.
Gain Open Loop (dB) ≥ 20.Log 2N+2 V/V.
Gain Close Loop (AcL) = 2 V/V
Frequency Unity (ƒu) ≥ 0,22(N + 1) ƒclock.
Fig. 2 is op-amp OTA circuits. Differential gain (M1-4)
provides two inputs, inverting and non inverting, which cause
noise and offset. High gain (M9-7) is almost similiar to not
gate if opamp drives low loads, then it is followed by buffer
stage, and current M5 (IM5) resulted from current mirror
circuits.
where
gds = parameter of transconductance drain to source
= parameter of channel length modulation
Fig 3. Schematic of CMOS OTA
Fig 2. Diagram block of OTA Circuit
Idealop-amp has several characteristics namely unlimited
open loop mode gain (AoL..), close loop mode gain = 1,
unlimited input impedance, value of output impedance is
nearly 0, unlimited gain of bandwidth, value of Vout=Av
(V+V-), with Av used on design for open loop mode gain.
All oop-amps have restriction on its operating voltage
range. CMIR limit (common input mode range) is border
range scale of each op-amp input. Beyond the limit, it will
cause cause output distortion or truncated.
CMR VSS
I D5
Vin(max) VDS 5( sat ) 90%.VOS
CMR VDD
I D5
VTO3 (max) Vin(min) 90%.VOS
1
3
Function of current mirror as bias current source for
MOS components is as controller or as driver of current
source towards control current, e.g. Iref = Iout.
In fig 2, op-amp of 2 transconductance stages can be
analyzed as follows:
ID1 = ID2 =
SlewRate (SR) =
Gain of stage 1
AV 1
ISS = ID5, ID3=ID4 ,
gm1, 2
2 gm1, 2
gds2 gds4 Iss 2 4
Gain of stage 2
AV 2
gm6
gm6
gds6 gds7 I D6 6 7
With λN = 0.05V-1 and λp = 0.15V-1, for technology 0.35
µm available of result Open Loop Gain (AoL) = 67,9 dB,
Phase Margin (PM) = 59.20, Slew Rate (SR) = 289.86/µS and
CMR = + 2.68V and – 2.85V.
Table 1. W/L OTA
MOS
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
Cc
µm
42/0.35
42/0.35
2.2/0.35
2.2/0.35
9/0.35
12.5/0.35
51/0.35
0.9/0.35
0.6/10
0.6/10
0.25 pf
Drain Current
µA
20
20
20
20
40
224
224
4
4
4
III. INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER
Fig 4 shows the schematic of instrumentation amplifier for
biomedical applications. This instrumentation amplifier based
on OTA , which actually could accomplish the desired
features of high common mode rejection .The Instrumentation
Amplifier is based on a current-balancing technique . The
differential inputs voltage, Vin1 and Vin2, are converted into
a Differential Currents [8].
A1
A3
A2
Fig 4. Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig 6. The result of testing CMR
A1, A2 and A3 are OTA. For ideal conditions, it is
determinedthat Av = 60dB, RA = RB = 10K and R1 = R2 =
R3 = R4 = 100K, so that it is obtained the value of Rgain:
= 60dB
Av = 20 log
3.
Av ≈ 1000 V/V
1000 =
The results of simulation obtained the value of CMR = +
2.673V and - 3V. There is a shift of the graph from the
results of the calculation, which means there is value of W
/ L thatcan be lowered again. Factors shift from the ideal
value can be attributed to the influence of in capacitor and
the value of Kn, Kp is variable.
Testing of Slew Rate, AoL and Phase Margin
The testing of Slew rate are shown as follows:
, Rgain = 100K
IV. RESULTS OF SIMULATION
A. Transconductans Amplifier OTA
The testing simulation uses CATsoftware mentor
graphicsAMS technology 0,35μm. The testing is focused on
the characteristics of the op-amp circuit applied into the ECG.
1. DC Offset (Vos) and Output Swing (OS).
The Op Amp of OTAis giventhe power supply DC 3.3 V
and - 3.3 V. The results of the simulation as in figure 5.
Fig 7. The Simulation Result of Slew Rate
The result of SR obtained shows that there is difference
between calculation and simulation. SR calculation = 289.86V
/ μS and SR simulation = 130.34 V / μS. Settling time is 14nS
for 1%.
Fig 5. Characteristic of Vos and Output Swing
On the figure above, it is obtained that the value of
voltage output swing (OS) with OS + = 2,87V and OS - = 3,19V. And the offset voltage approaches 0V where the
meeting point (0,0) is equal to 0,0008V.
2. CMR with Input AC
The testing of CMR using of level input AC is shown in
Figure 6 below.
Fig 8. Simulation of AoL and PM
The calculation of simulation for W / L using the value Kn
= 175μA / V and Kp = 60μA / V, obtained the value of AOL =
66.42 dB, PM = 400 and GBW = 160.7 MHz.
B. Instrumentation Amplifier (IA)
Input of simulation is a sinusoidal input and PWL signal
with the characteristic of ECG.
V. CONCLUSION
The minimum requirements of differential Pre Amp for
differential the ECG signal is 60 dB. The result of
simulationshowsthe differential Pre Amp 62.4 dB. These
results are ideal. If the enlarged differential, noise also
increases. Output IA added DC bias of 0,24 mA. DC bias is
used like a phase shifting toward a positive level; so that the
rule of minimum sampling is1 LSB in ADC is full field. The
resulting of size layout is 0.034 mm2.
Fig 9. Simulation of IA with sinusoidal input
Input V + and V- is a sinusoidal voltage with delay V =
100 μs. The simulation results obtained of differential AV ≈
62.4 dB.
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
Fig 10. Simulation of IA with input PWL ECG
The method of simulation is given V+ input PWL ECG
normal, while V- given input inverse of V+. To avoid the
negative level, added to the DC bias of 0.24 mA so thatoccura
phase shift toward the positive level. It aims to PWL ECG
signal can be sample perfectly to the ADC.
C. Layout IA as a PreAmp
Pre Amp layout consists of 3 layouts of Op Amp and 7
Resistor as shown in the fig 11. Size of layout is 0.034 mm2.
Fig 11.PreAmp Layout
[6]
[7]
[8]
S. Y. Lee and C.J. Cheng, “Systematic design and modeling of a ota-c
filter for ecg detection,”IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and
System, Vol 3, 2009, pp 53-64
K.A.Ng and P.K.Chan, “A CMOS Analog front end IC for portable
ECG/EEG Monitoring Application”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and
System, 52(11):2335-2347.
T. Kugelstadt, “Getting the most out of Instrumentation Amplifier
design”, Analog Application Journal, 2005, 18(12), pp 25-30.
H. Wu and Y.P. Xu, “A low voltage low noise cmos intrumentation
amplifier for portable medical monitoring system”, IEEE-NEWCAS, pp
295-298.
J. Baker, CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation, 3rd Edition
IEEE Press on Microelectronic System, Wiley Pub, New Jersey, 1998,
pp 711-738.
J. Kolezynski, “Design of Operational Amplifier with low power
consumption in 0,35 µm Technology” 14th International Conference
Mixdes 2007 Ciechocinek, Poland, 21-23 June 2007.
Mukhlis. Yulisdin, et al, ” Design ADC Single Slope Embedded For
ECG Application With CMOS 0,35µ Technology”, 2013 IEEE
International Conference on Electronics Technology and Industrial
Development, Bali, Oct 23-24, 2013.
T. Raj Kumar, M. Ganga Ram and M. Maheshwar, “A new high
performance CMOS differential amplifier”, International Journal of
Electronic Engineering Research, Vol 1 no 2, 2009, pp 147-154.