Peningkatan Hasil Kedelai di Tanah Salin dengan Penggunaan Genotipa Tahan, Asam Askorbat dan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular

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Efforts to increase domestic soybean production are directed through
strategies of expansion of cultivation area under the application of specific

technologies. Saline soil in marginal land that is not optimally used for the
cultivation of crops, including soybeans. Soybean production in saline soil is still
very low due to osmotic stress, oxidative stress and ion toxicity, and nutrient
deficiencies. The purpose of this study is to increase soybean production in saline
soil through the utilization of stress salinity resistance soybean genotypes,
ascorbic acid application and indigenous arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi inoculation.
The study consisted of three phases. The first phase of research was mass
selection until the fourth generation (F4) to obtain salinity resistance genotypes
and molecular tests carried out in the village of saline soil Paluh Merbau, Percut
Sei Tuan, Regency of Deli Serdang with DHL 5 6 mmhos/cm and Laboratory
Molecular Biotechnology Center of Molecular Biosciences (COMB)’s University
of The Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. The second phase was the exploration of
indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi through the extraction stages and
identification of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, trapping and spores culture done in
Soil Biology Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture. The third phase of research
was tests of the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and application of
ascorbic acid in soybean genotypes resistant salinity saline soil, held in Paluh
Merbau Village, Percut Sei Tuan District of Deli Serdang with three series of tests
and different levels of salinity, location one with DHL 4 5 mmhos / cm, location 2
with DHL 5 6 mmhos / cm and 3 locations with DHL 6 7 mmhos / cm. The

design used was separated plots design with 3 plots and 3 replications. The main
plot was soybean genotype (non selection Grobogan soybean variety and the
fourth generation of soybeans salinity resistant selection results (F4). The subplots
were ascorbic acid application (without application of ascorbic acid and ascorbic
acid application at 500 ppm dose). Sub sub plot was indigenous arbuscular
mycorrhiza fungi isolate (without mycorrhizal isolates,
sp.1,
sp.2,
sp.3,
sp.4,
sp.5, and the mixture of five types of
mycorrhizal isolates).
Selection results showed the progress of selection, crop production and
value of heritability were not stable due to the influence of soil salinity changes at
every stage of the selection. Molecular test on in the third generation of salinity
tolerant gene showed that the mRNA expressions of Dehydration Responsive
Element Binding Protein 5 (DREB5), Glycine and Proline Rich Proteins 3
i

Universitas Sumatera Utara

(GPRP3),