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8 War Anti-War Movie
War movies acknowledge the horror and heartbreak of war, letting the actual combat fighting. War movies are often paired with other genres, such as action,
adventure, drama, romance, comedy black, suspense, and even epics and westerns, and they often take a denunciatory approach toward warfare.
9 Western Movie
Westerns are the major defining genre of the American movie industry-a eulogy to the early days of the expansive American frontier. They are one of the
oldest, most enduring genres with very recognizable plots, elements, and characters.
B. Theoretical Framework
The study aims at producing writing instructional materials for senior high school grade ten. The writer needs to prepare plans before designing the
materials. As clarified above, the theories give contributions in developing this
study. The model of instructional design by Kemp was adapted. Using Kemp’s model, the writer could start from whichever elements are ready to start with and
then move back and henceforth to the other steps. The first step of Kemp is reordered. Considering goals, topics, and general purposes are put after learner
characteristics. Pre-assessment is omitted because learner characteristics have covered the learners’ background. The support services are also omitted because
the support services are not necessarily needed. Thus, according to Kemp’s
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22 model, related to designing the material, the writer decides to consider the goals,
topic, and general purposes. The goal and general purposes are determined by competency standards and basic competencies of the curriculum of senior high
school that is Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan KTSP. The topics would be taken from learner characteristics in order to have appropriate materials. Need
analysis is also needed in determining the students’ characteristics. Thus, learning objectives are adapted from the curriculum of senior high school. Task-Based
Learning would be applied to determine the subject content in each unit of the designed materials.
This study examines writing skill. The theories related to writing namely writing process, English writing teaching, materials in writing class, and writing
genres give contributions in developing the materials. Those materials give the writer knowledge about appropriate and suitable materials for the students and
how to teach the students in the correct way. The theories about the writing process helps the writer to plan the activities during the writing class is taking
place in order to help the students to write easily. Materials in writing class are important because materials could stimulate the students. One of the examples of
the writing materials is visual materials that allow English movies application as the materials of writing. This research also considers about the writing genres
that should be learnt for the students in senior high school. Related to the materials, the writer uses movies and videos based on genres that are taught in
senior high school. According to competency standard and basic competencies of senior high school grade ten, the students are required to master four kinds of
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23 writing genres namely narrative, recount, descriptive, and news item. The
curriculum of senior high school clarifies that based on competency standard and basic competencies, the students should be able to express the meaning of short
functional writing text in form of narrative, recount, descriptive, and news item in the context of daily activities.
The writer uses Task-Based Learning as the teaching method because Task-Based Learning covers four major skills acquisition in English learning.
Here, the students become the centre of the learning process so it could help the students to achieve their competency. Applying Task-Based Learning allows the
teacher to use authentic materials such us movies or videos. It means that this study related to using movies in writing for senior high school is allowed.
There are many genres in movies. Understanding competency standard and basic competencies of senior high school grade ten, the writer finds several
genres of writing that the students should master namely narrative, recount, descriptive, and news item. The writer searches for the movies and videos
suitable with the writing genres taught in senior high school. The definition of English movies that would be applied in the study is a movie that portrays
American, British, and or Australian life, social, and cultures that uses English as their first language. The study is also implemented English videos that also
reflect American, British, and or Australian life, social, and cultures. In addition, the videos would not only tell about life, social, and cultures but also the global
issues. There are many genres of movies and videos which are able to be used in this study. The writer finds several genres of movies namely action movies,
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24 adventure movies, comedy movies, drama movies, epic or historical movies,
science fiction movies, and western movies. For instance, the writer provides a movie entitled “The Blind Side”. The movie can be applied for the students to
learn recount. All genres above might be applied in writing class in order to help the students to learn and to achieve their goal in writing class. Afterwards,
selecting the movies and videos to be writing materials are needed in order to provide appropriate and suitable materials for the students. When the materials
are ready, the tasks are prepared to complete the product. Task is developed by considering the types of task provided by Task-Based Learning. The writer
applies problem solving, personal experience, and creative tasks to help the students in writing activities.
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25
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This study examines designing English writing instructional materials using English movies for senior high school grade ten. The writer conducts the
research by applying research and development as the research methodology.
A. Research Method
Educational research and development is aimed at improving the quality of educational products Borg and Gall, 1983: 772. Educational research and
development is adapted as a guideline to propose English writing instructional materials using English movies. The writer only employed five major steps of
educational research and development because the study was only designing the materials. The designed materials were not implemented. The steps of R D
were:
1. Research and Information Collecting
This study focused on designing English writing instructional materials for senior high school grade ten. To gather some theories related to this study, the
writer conducted a library study. By conducting the library study, it aimed at obtaining some theories about instructional material design, writing, Task-Based
Learning, and English Movies. Moreover, the writer needed to have analysis, it meant that the writer should have an interview with the teachers of senior high
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