Background of The Study

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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW

In this chapter, the writer will present the review of related studies, the review of related theories and the theoretical framework. The first one is the review on related studies which contains the previous researches done by other researchers or writers on the same topic. The second one is the review on related theories which explains the theories used to answer the problems of the research. The last one is the theoretical framework which is applying the theories which are relevant for this research.

A. Review on Related Studies

The first previous study was done by Afrilla Nita Sari entitled “Chinese Stereotypes of Women in Question Using the Women’s Contribution in Buck’s Selected Novels The Good Earth, The Mother, and Imperial Woman” 2007. According to Sari, there were three main problems discussed in her thesis. The first problem was about the contribution of each female character based on the personality, the second was about the stereotypes of women revealed in those novels, and the last problem was about in what way and why the contribution challenged the stereotypes. Sari used the theories of character and characterization and review of 19 th Century Chinese Society to answer the problems. Sari used the socio-cultural approach to give an understanding about her study. Sari explained that socio- cultural approach believed that a piece of literary work was the product of the civilization that produced it. Sari in her research found that the female characters had contributed things showing that the stereotypes of women were wrong. She had found that one of the characters named O-Lan had saved her family from starvation and poverty. She found out that the contribution of some female characters had given a tool to question the Chinese stereotypes portraying women as evil powers, burdens, stupid creatures, and unqualified as leaders. She stated that the contribution showed that women were human beings who could make differences, brought a lot of positive things to others. Sari’s thesis was chosen as the related study of this research because in her thesis, Sari also talked about the stereotypes towards women which were considered as the part of gender stereotypes from the literature’s point of view. The writer in this thesis tried to see the gender stereotypes from a different perspective which was the linguistics’ perspective. The second study was done by Naufela Nafisa Ahmad, a student of department of English and Humanities of BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Ahmad’s research entitled “Sexism in Language”. Her thesis aimed at the maintaining of various forms of sexism that exist in the languages. Her thesis came out as the effect of the sexism weave in language system which affected people and ended up with people submitting to the sexist views without even realizing it. Ahmad used her thesis to show the different levels of sexism exist in language system word, phrases and discourse. Ahmad was curious about the