8 approach focuses on the life as the portrait of human psychology which contains
thought, behavior, human personality, motivation and the other aspects related to the human psychology pp. 3 – 9. As many people believe that human mind is the
root of every thought and action human being does. Moreover, this approach provides a set of symbolic which is common to all human beings and can be
interpreted in light of human being’s experience p. 14. Hence, the existentialism is used in this study.
2. Theory of Character
Characters play the important role in the literary work. To understand the story, the readers have to understand the characters of the drama or novel the
readers are reading. The readers have to try to be able to understand better through the monologue, dialogue, and actions of the characters. Therefore, the readers
understand what the story of literary work tells about. There are several theories that define the meaning of the character.
Abrams 1981 says that character is the person presented in a narrative or dramatic work in which the readers interpreted the characteristics expressed in
what they say and do p. 210. In addition, Harvey 1965 writes in his book, Character and the Novel, that the playwright has a right to create or presents his
or her fictional characters in the novel, whatever they look like, their personality, and what the problems they might face p. 32.
According to Abrams, character has two definitions. They are major or main character and minor character. Major or main character is the character who
has the important role in the story from beginning to the end. On the other hand,
9 minor character becomes the background of the main character. He or she is less
sophisticated and responses to the experiences in the story are less complex. Therefore, he or she comes only in certain event.
According to Foster 2002, there are two kinds of character. He defines the character as a flat character and a round character pp. 46 - 47. A flat
character is built around a single idea or quality or is presented without much individualizing detail. A round character is a complex character. It is presented
with subtle particularity. Thus, the character is difficult to describe with any adequacy as a person in real life, and like real person.
Character has personality and physical distinguishing to the other characters. Stanton 1965, p. 17 defines that character designates the individuals
who appear in the story or the mixture of the interests, desires, emotions, and moral principles that make up each of individuals. Therefore, character gives
certain situation in certain event of the story because he or she shows the emotions.
3. Theory of Characterization
