34 look for another school to continue his school. Instead, he works in a cafe
1:11:03, see appendix A18. He works in a cafe to have his own money. He does not depend on his father‟s money. He also moves from his old boarding house to
the new one. In the next scene, Andrew‟s father helps him in moving the stuffs to the
new boarding house. Then, they are watching TV together. Andrew and Jim Neiman used to watch together and eat their popcorn. In the minutes: 1:11:46 see
appendix A19 , Andrew‟s father says goodbye to Andrew. It is proved in Jim‟s
speech. Jim Neiman: Hi, and I loaded your pantry with Gushers.
Andrew: I saw that. 01:1145-01:11:56 Jim Neiman touches Andrew’s head. Then, he says goodbye to and left
Andrew alone It shows that Andrew lives alone in his boarding house. Andrew and his
father live in separate house. He can stay with his father but he chooses to stay alone in his boarding house. It proves that Andrew is an independent person.
The evidences above show Andrew ‟s daily activity. According to
Murphy‟s theory, Andrew‟s independent characteristic can be seen from Andrew‟s manner. In this case, the director describes the characteristic of Andrew
through his daily life after Andrew has kicked out from Shaffer Conservatory of Music School.
B. Andrew Neiman’s Motivating Factors
In this section, the writer discusses Andrew Neiman‟s motivating factors in his process to become a professional drummer. The first process of Andrew
35 begins when he was young. He shows his potential in playing drums since he was
young. It is proved in the scene when Andrew‟s father is tapping his performance in playing drums.
The next process of Andrew is when he becomes an additional drummer for Nassau and Studio Band. Andrew is an amateur drummer because he cannot
read a tempo. It is seen in the first scene of the movie. Then, Mr. Fletcher finds the big potential in Andrew. He asks Andrew to join in Studio Band. Andrew
plays on Whiplash song at his first competition. Then, he becomes the core drummer in Studio Band. Mr. Fletcher declares Andrew as a core player in Studio
Band. In the last scene of the movie, Andrew is successful in showing his best
performance on the stage. At that time, Mr. Fletcher is fired from Shaffer Conservatory of Music School. Then, he continues his life as a conductor and a
musician. Andrew and Mr. Fletcher meet for the first time after the accident in a cafe. Mr. Fletcher asks him to play with him at the JVC jazz festival. At the JVC
jazz festival, Andrew leads the best musicians in New York to play on Caravan song with him. Andrew shows that he is a talented person. He shows Mr. Fletcher
that he can play double time-swing technique. He also can follow the tempo from Mr. Fletcher. Those things make Mr. Fletcher happy with Andrew. It is shown in
the end of the movie, while Mr. Fletcher gives a smile to Andrew. The evidences above prove the process of Andrew becomes a professional drummer.
Furthermore, the writer finds some motivating factors of Andrew. To analyze the motivating factors of Andrew, the writer applies the theory of
36 motivation. There are some factors of motivation that drive Andrew to be a
professional drummer. They are intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, self- actualization and achievement needs of Andrew. The writer divides the analysis of
motivating factors into some parts.
1 Intrinsic Motivation in Andrew Neiman
The intrinsic motivation of Andrew Neiman can be seen in the minutes: 00:08:55 see appendix B1. In that scene, Andrew has done the practice with
Studio Band. Andrew gets the pressure from Mr. Fletcher, because Andrew cannot read the tempo. The pressure from Mr. Fletcher such as he says the bad
words to him, scorns Andrew‟s family background, and hurls chair to him.
Andrew feels down. He is crying when Mr. Fletcher slaps on his face. Then, Andrew goes back to his boarding house. The pressure from Mr. Fletcher makes
Andrew feels down. Moreover, after few minutes, Andrew takes his drum sticks and practices
in the room. He directs himself to start playing the drums. It proves that Andrew is accidentally active his intrinsic motivation. Andrew thinks to direct his body to
play the drums. In that scene, he also copies the chart of Whiplash song because he wants to master the song. He also moves his bed in the room. He plans to sleep
in the room and practice hard on Whiplash song. Andrew is listening to the music because he should have more references on music.
In the next minutes, Andrew starts to direct his body to play the drums. Then, he gets up from his bed and start playing the drums. In this scene, Andrew
practices because he wants to. There is nobody that forces him to practice in PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
37 playing drums. He gets consequence, such as injury on his hand and sweat on his
face. “Intrinsic motivation means human motives stimulated by the inherent
nature of the activity or its natural consequence.” Lahey, 2009, p.372. Andrew has a potential in playing one of musical instrument. He has been
playing the drums since he was young. Andrew becomes a student in Shaffer Conservatory of Music School. That school is the best music school in New York.
Andrew becomes a student in the best school in the city. He hopes to be a professional drummer through becomes a student in that school. The reason of
Andrew chooses Shaffer Conservatory of Music School is stated from the conversation with Andrew and Nicole. It is proved that Andrew knows his
potential. To realize his dream, Andrew shapes his skill at that school. He comes to that school because he wants to come.
Nicole: Why do you go to Shaffer? Andrew
: It‟s the best music school in the country. 00:32:38-00:32:39 The characters of Andrew could be the factor of intrinsic motivation. The
characteristics of Andrew could direct himself to be a successful person. There are four characteristics of Andrew that can help him to catch his dream. The traits are
hard worker, ambitious, emotional, and independent person. All those characteristics build the motivation inside Andrew to keep moving forward.
2 Extrinsic Motivation in Andrew Neiman
Extrinsic motivation is the external activity Lahey, 2009, p.372. It becomes from outside human body. It means that, people get involved in active
the extrinsic motivation of somebody. The support or motivation from people PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
38 around will direct a person to do an action. In this study, Andrew Neiman gets
two factors of extrinsic motivation. It comes from Jim Neiman and Mr. Fletcher. Jim Neiman is Andrew
‟s father. Mr. Fletcher is Andrew‟s teacher at Shaffer Conservatory of Music School.
The first motivation comes from his father, Jim Neiman. He supports his son to be a drummer. It is shown by his presence at the concert of Andrew in the
last scene of the movie. The support of Jim Neiman means that he cares for his son. In that scene, Andrew accepts the job offer from Mr. Fletcher at JVC jazz
festival. Andrew plays with the best musicians in the New York at JVC jazz festival. Unfortunately, in the first song Mr. Fletcher is successful in trapping
Andrew. He does not give Andrew the chart of Upswinging song. Andrew cannot play the song because he does not know that song. Andrew feels ashamed because
Mr. Fletcher‟s action. After that accident, Andrew goes out from the stage. Jim Neiman meets his
son on the back stage. He gives hugs to his son 1:28:09, see appendix B2. A hug from Jim Neiman makes Andrew feel secure, comfortable, and happy. That also
changes Andrew ‟s mind. Andrew goes to the back stage because he felt ashamed
in front of people. After a hug from Jim Neiman, Andrew comes back on the stage and begins to show his talent.
The support of Jim Neiman is also shown when Andrew attacks Mr. Fletcher. Jim shows that he cares for his son. He asks Andrew to tell about Mr.
Fletcher. He does not want his son to hide anything from him. He wants Andrew to tell him anything about Mr. Fletcher in front of a woman. Jim Neiman invites a
39 woman who knows about Mr. Fletcher and held some cases of Mr. Fletcher‟s
action. Jim does not want Andrew to feel sad or stressful because the action of Mr. Fletcher. It is also stated in the conversation with Andrew, Andrew‟s father
and a woman. A woman is known as a third person to mediate Andrew and Jim Neiman.
Andrew: Why did you do this to me? Jim: You think I was going to let him put my son through hell and walk off
scot- free? Don‟t you know I would never let that happen, Andrew? That
there‟s nothing in the world more important to me than you? Don‟t you know that? 1:09:32-1:09:49
The statement from Jim Neiman shows that he cares for his son. There is
no parent in the world who wants to see the children feel sad or hurt by somebody. Jim Neiman will do anything to make his son feel better. He states that
Andrew is more important than anything. That shows the love and the support from Jim Neiman to Andrew. It naturally happens to every parent in the world.
The family or parents will give a big support. However, Andrew only gets support from his father.
Jim supports Andrew to be a drummer. It is shown to his son is by making a video of little Andrew when he was playing the drums see appendix A1. Jim
makes Andrew a video because he proud of his son. Andrew drops out from Shaffer Conservatory of Music School. Then, Jim Neiman gives him a new room
for Andrew to leave. He always visits his son on his boarding house 1:11:36, see appendix A19. In this scene, Jim shows his role play as a single parent. He
teaches Andrew to be an independent person. He and Andrew sometimes going PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
40 off to the cinema and watch a movie together 00:05:37, see appendix B3. It also
stated by Andrew when he is dating with Nicole. Andrew: I still go to the movies with my Dad 00:33:54, see appendix B4
The writer finds the extrinsic motivation for Andrew is not only from his
father but also from Mr. Fletcher. Mr. Fletcher has known as an abusive teacher. Although, the way of Mr. Fletcher gets close to Andrew is unique. Mr. Fletcher
knows the tricks to grab the attention of the students. He has known as a good communicator with people. He can make people believe in his word and gets
motivation from his speech. Andrew has changed his personalities from unmotivated to a motivated person.
Andrew is a new drummer for Studio Band. Mr. Fletcher asks him to play the drums for the first time in Studio Band. They will play on Whiplash song.
Andrew worries about that. Then, Andrew tries to numb the partitur one by one. Mr. Fletcher comes to Andrew and asks him to talk about his family. He also asks
Andrew to forget about the numbers. He wants to know about Andrew‟s family
background. After that, he gives advice to Andrew to relax and not worry about the practice. Mr. Fletcher builds the self confidence in Andrew through the words.
He asks Andrew to repeat his word such as “I’m here for a reason”. In this case,
Mr. Fletcher tries to suggest Andrew‟s mind to be relax and enjoy the practice. It is stated in the conversation between Mr. Fletcher and Andrew.
Mr. Fletcher: So, no musicians in your family. Well, you‟ve got to listen to the great then. Buddy Rich, Jo Jones. You know Charlie Parker became
“Bird” because Jones threw a cymbal at his head. You see what I‟m saying? The key is just to relax. Don‟t worry about the numbers or what
41 the other drummers think. You‟re here for the reason. You believe that,
don‟t you? Say it. Andrew: I‟m here for a reason.
Mr. Fletcher: Good. 00:22:50-00:23:18.
Furthermore, Andrew comes to the practice room with a happy face. Mr. Fletcher motivates him to play the music. Andrew plays on Whiplash song. He is
playing the drum with rightfully proud. Mr. Fletcher gives compliment to his performance. The compliment from Mr. Fletcher builds the self confidence in
Andrew. He believes that he is really good at drumming because Mr. Fletcher gives a compliment to his performance.
Mr. Fletcher: We got Buddy Rich here. 00:24:24, see appendix B5 Andrew is on his dreaming, when Mr. Fletcher wakes him up. Then, Mr.
Fletcher starts to show his personality to Andrew. Mr. Fletcher begins to say bad words. Then,
he slaps Andrew‟s face for several times 00:26:30, see appendix B6. He hurls a chair to Andrew because Andrew does mistakes in practice. Mr.
Fletcher‟s action shows that he is an abusive teacher. However, because of his action Andrew gets a motivation to play the drums in the right tempo.
Mr. Fletcher is a good teacher even he does abusive to his students. He creates a competition in Studio Band. The position of Carl Tanner is taken by
Andrew. Then, the position of Andrew is also threatened by Ryan Connelly. Andrew knows that Ryan Connelly will threaten his position, and then he comes
to Mr. Fletcher‟s office. Andrew complains to Mr. Fletcher. Andrew: Hey hear, I can play that part.
Mr. Fletcher: Now is not the time. Andrew: I can play.
Mr. Fletcher: I swear to God. I said NOT NOW If you want the part? Earn it. 00:48:00-00:48:09
42 Before the compliment from Andrew comes, Mr. Fletcher gives a
motivation to Andrew. In that scene, Andrew has succeeded to be a core drummer for Studio Band. Then, Mr. Fletcher gives the new charts to the students, before
they leave the class. The chart is Caravan Song which is the drummer should play double time-swing technique in that song. Mr. Fletcher gives compliment on
Andrew ‟s performance. But then, Ryan Connelly comes to Studio Band and he
becomes a new competitor for Andrew. Mr. Fletcher: Neiman, stay a bit. Look at this. See the tempo?
Andrew: Quarter note 330 Mr. Fletcher: That‟s a double time swing. That‟s what got you in here,
isn‟t it? Andrew: I guess so. 00:45:45-00:45:46
At JVC jazz festival, Mr. Fletcher is happy because he is successful in
trapping Andrew. He makes Andrew feel ashamed. Andrew is not easier to give up. He wants to show Mr. Fletcher that he can lead the best musicians in New
York to play Caravan song. Andrew shows that he can play double-time swing technique in the right tempo. In the scene, Mr. Fletcher starts to give a speech to
the audience when Andrew starts hitting the drum. Mr. Fletcher does angry to Andrew‟s action, but then Mr. Fletcher cannot hide his happiness to see Andrew‟s
performance. Mr. Fletcher gives the command to Andrew by his hand. Andrew can follow the tempo that Mr. Fletcher gives him. It makes Mr. Fletcher happy
with Andrew. In that scene, both Mr. Fletcher and Andrew have helped each other on the stage.
The extrinsic motivation factors in Andrew come from his father and Mr. Fletcher. There are two opposite characters of people that give a motivation to
43 Andrew
. The first character comes from Jim Neiman, Andrew‟s father. Jim Neiman as a single parent shows that he cares for his son through action and
statement. The second character comes from Mr. Fletcher has known as an abusive teacher. However, Andrew
gets motivation through Mr. Fletcher‟s words and actions. The people around Andrew have shown their role play to give
motivation and support to Andrew. After filling the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, people need to be achieved for the efforts.
3 Andrew Neiman’s Self-actualization and Achievement Needs
In Whiplash movie, the writer finds the other factors that drive Andrew Neiman to be a professional drummer. They are the needs of self-actualization and
the needs of achievement. According to Maslow 1943 there are five levels of human needs. Self-actualization is the higher level. The self-actualization happens
when all the lower levels have been filled. The writer sees that the prominent level of Andrew is self-actualization. In this level, Andrew is born to be a musician. He
proves his talent in some competition. After filling the self-actualization, Andrew needs to be achieved by people around him.
“The concept that more basic needs must be met before higher-level
becomes active.
” Maslow, 2009, p. 373-374 The psychological needs are the basic. In this level, Andrew does sleep
because he needs to wake up in the early morning for his first practice in Studio Band see appendix A20. He makes a date with a girl, which indicates the need in
sex 00:32:15, see appendix B7. These actions indicate that Andrew passed the lower level of needs.
44 Safety need is the next level of needs according to Maslow‟s hierarchy.
The safety needs mean the need to protect, feel safe, and feel secure. In the movie, Andrew passed this level. It showed when Jim Neiman asks someone to help
Andrew. In that scene, Andrew has shown that he needs to feel secure and protect from his father. Then, the safety need is also shown in the scene when Andrew
hugs his father. Andrew: So..... What do they want?
A Woman: To make sure that Terrance Fletcher‟s never allowed to do this to another student 1:08:20-21:08:22
The role play of Jim Neiman is needed to support Andrew to be a
professional drummer. It is related to the next level of needs, it is the needs of love and belonging. Jim Neiman shows his love to Andrew. He invites a woman
to solve Andrew‟s problem. It also stated in the dialogue between Jim and Andrew. Nicole has also the important role play in Andrew‟s life. She gives
Andrew her love. She has done a dating with Andrew see appendix B7. The attention of Nicole also shows when she is texting Andrew 00:41:59, see
appendix B8. The next level of Maslow‟s hierarchy is esteem need. In esteem need,
somebody needs to achieve, status, responsibility, and reputation. Andrew does need to achieve by his family, while his family does not achieve him. It showed
when Andrew comes to his house. There are uncle, aunt, and two cousins of Andrew. Andrew‟s aunt has asked him about his school, but when Andrew
answered it, there is no one to appreciate that 00:42:36, see appendix A19. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
45 Instead, Andrew‟s aunt and uncle always give a compliment to Andrew‟s cousins
00:42:50, see appendix B9. “Anger can build our self-esteem, as in the case of the abuse survivor who
turns rage into healthy assertiveness. Or it can tear us down, when we accept unfair treatment, and turn our anger inward in the form of self-
judgment, resentment, depression, or helplessness.” Capacchione, 2006, p. 81
The last is on the higher level. It is self-actualization. At this level, Andrew
has reached his goal. Andrew has shown that he is a professional drummer through his performance with the best musicians in New York. Besides, the
important thing is that Andrew has succeeded to play double time-swing technique in front of Mr. Fletcher and all the guests. Andrew shows his potential
in playing the drums. “According to Maslow, the self-actualization person is reaching the
highest level of personal development and has fully realized her or his potential as a human being.” Cited from Lahey, 2009, p.427
The second analysis in this section is the need of achievement in Andrew.
Andrew is known as an abusive survivor. He survives from the pressure of Mr. Fletcher. He gets unfair treatment from his family. Andrew does angry, but he
does not fall into his emotion. He shows that he is beyond the people‟s expectation. It can be seen from his efforts in practicing on Whiplash and Caravan
song. Besides, Andrew is struggling from the obstacles that come to him. Moreover, Mr. Fletcher shows that he gives an achievement to Andrew‟s
effort. Andrew has succeeded to play on the Whiplash song in the first competition. In that scene, Studio Band has done with the competition. Then, they
go back to the school and start for another practice. Carl Tanner sits on the drum PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
46 stool when Mr. Fletcher is coming. But then, Mr. Fletcher asks Carl Tanner to get
off the stool and let Andrew sit there. Mr. Fletcher: Tanner what are you doing? It‟s core only today, I don‟t
have time for the alternates. 00:41:09, see appendix B10. Lahey 2009 cited theory from Elliot and Church that say there are three
key elements in the motivation. They are mastery goals, performance-approach goals, and performance-avoidance goals. In mastery goals, Andrew looks
interesting to learn something new. He motivates to learn double time-swing technique. Then, Andrew keeps practicing for success play that technique,
especially for his performance on Caravan song 1:27:38-1:28:09. Performance-approach goals mean that Andrew enjoys challenging course
that helps him to have new information. It is shown in Whiplash movie. Andrew has met with Mr. Fletcher. He is an abusive teacher, but he is also the great
conductor. Mr. Fletcher has used to do something cruel to his students. There was a student who suicide because he got the mental pressure from Mr. Fletcher. Most
of the students are afraid with Mr. Fletcher. The different thing happens to Andrew. He loves learn with Mr. Fletcher. It is shown when a woman who comes
with Andrew‟s father asks Andrew to tell about the bad thing that Mr. Fletcher has done to him. In the first, Andrew avoids saying anything about Mr. Fletcher,
but he changes his mind. From this scene, Andrew tries to hide the mistake from Mr. Fletcher. He does not want to say anything because he probably enjoys his
class with Mr. Fletcher. Andrew: So..... What do they want?
A Woman : To make sure that Terrance Fletcher‟s never allowed to do this
to another student PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
47 Andrew: He didn‟t do anything. 1:08:20-1:08:57.
In addition, a performance-avoidance goal, Andrew has shown the best
performance with the best musicians in New York. He avoids getting the worst grades. It is also shown in the scene when Ryan Connelly joins to Studio Band.
Andrew does not like when Ryan joins in Studio Band. Andrew has a spirit to a step forward. That makes him becoming ambitious, but he is a good competitor.
Moreover, Andrew does not stop playing the drums in the last scene of the movie. He keeps hitting the drum in double time-swing technique. Andrew is
becoming a solo player on the stage. He shows his best performance in double time-
swing technique. Andrew could follow Mr. Fletcher‟s hand. Mr. Fletcher shows his respect to Andrew‟s effort. Andrew and Mr. Fletcher are proud and
success at the JVC jazz festival. It is shown from the smile both Mr. Fletcher and Andrew. 1:37:17-1:37:18, see appendix B11.
The dominant need in Andrew from five levels of Maslow‟s hierarchy of
needs is self-actualization. Andrew shows his potential which he is very talented in playing drums. He shows it to Mr. Fletcher and all the guests in the last scene.
He realizes his potential as a human being through showing his best performance in playing drums. From the evidences above, Andrew also needs an achievement
or reward of his efforts. The achievement can be seen from Mr. Fletcher and Jim Neiman. These people give impact on Andrew to be a successful person. They
give support through action and speech. Mr. Fletcher builds the mental of Andrew to be a survivor in his life.
48
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION
