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Bhatia, 2006; Bayram, 2010; Wang, 2010; Matic, 2012, TV shows El Saj, 2012, newspapers Mahfouz, 2013, online mass media Safitri, 2015, song lyric
Nadya Nurfadhilah Delima, 2011 and articles Wenden, 2005; Rambe, 2012. The present study focuses on filling in the gaps by investigating the video
of Basuki Thahaja Purnama Ahok which is uploaded on youtube on 6
th
October to know the construction of the discourse of the text. This study will take a
Critical Discourse Analysis CDA perspective to analyse textual data from the video of the governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, where the utterances of speech in
the video will be analyzed focus on Norma n Fairclough’s 1995 model of critical
discourse analysis, a three-dimensional framework for the analysis of text and discourse: 1 textual analysis 2 discursive analysis and 3 social and historical
analysis. The researcher chooses Basuki Tjahaja Purnama video as the object of this
study rather than other video because this video is the interesting one for the researcher and the researcheris curious about what does Ahok really conduct
religious blasphemy?. Indonesia recently shocked by the circulation of this video that contains speech of the governor of Jakarta, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, during
his visit to theSeribu island. The video created social tensions between communities of religious suspicion that the governor conduct a blasphemy. This
video become the hotest issues in Indonesia and caused a strong reaction from the public especially muslims until the case brought to the law and influence the next
phenomena. Moreover, as long as the researcher ’s knowledge, there is no any
study or research in State Islamic University of SunanAmpel Surabaya that uses
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Critical Discourse Analysis as tool to analyze the political speech video. So, it can be the first one in the field of linguistics.
1.2. Statement Of the Problems
This study is conducted to answer the problem formulated in the following
questions:
1.2.1 What are the textual features used in Basuki Tjahaja Purnama’s speech?
1.2.2 What are the discursive features present in Basuki Tjahaja Purnama’s
speech? 1.2.3
What are the social features used in Basuki Tjahaja Purnama’s speech?
1.3. Objectives
Based on the problems above, the objectives of the study are aimed: 1.3.1
To get understanding on what are the textual features that is used in BasukiTjahajaPurnama
’s speech. 1.3.2
To get understanding on what are the discursive features present in BasukiTjahajaPurnama
’s speech. 1.3.3
To get understanding on what are the social features that used in Basuki Tjahaja Purnama
’s speech.
1.4. Significances Of the Study
As the people who live in society, certainly we can notseparated from the use of language to communication . Critical discourse analysis is a major
discipline to investigate language variances in social context. Critical discourse
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analysis gives a framework to study the relationship of society and discourse, text and context, power and language Luke,1995, 1996, 2002 and Fairclough, 2001.
Through this research, the researcher hope that this study may provide information in linguistic field, generally to the readers and particularly to the
students of SunanAmpel State Islamic University. Hence, the result of this study is expected to contribute to the students of
linguistic who want to investigate the relationship among language, ideology and power, and how the language influence the people used Critical discourse
analysis.
1.5. Scope and Limitation
This study will focus on all utterances said by the governor of Jakarta, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, in the video. The analysis is centered on the textual
features, discursive features and social aspect present in Basuki Tjahaja Purnama
’s speech in the video which uploaded on youtube on 6
th
October 2016. The researcher
limits the term „Critical Discourse Analysis’ in Fairclough’s 1995 model of Critical Discourse Analysis
– a three dimensional framework to analyze the text and discourse which is used in the video of Basuki Tjahaja
Purnama ’s speech in Seribu island uploaded on Youtube. And that speech can be
analyzed on three perspectives, they are: textual, discursive and socio-historical.
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1.6. Definition of Key Term
In order to avoid the misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the basic concepts in the study, the definition and key terms are stated below:
1. Critical Discourse Analysis is a type of discourse analytical research that
primarily studies the way social power abuse, dominance, inequality, descrimination manifested by text in the social and political context.
Fairclough1989 critical discourse analysis CDA is a form of research that analyses the relationship between discourses, society, power and
ideology. 2.
Basuki Tjahaja Purnama Ahok is Jakarta Governor who served since 19
November 2014. On 14 November 2014, He was announced officially became a substitute Jakarta Governor JokoWidodo, through a special
plenary meeting at Jakarta Parliament Building. BasukiTjahaja Purnama an Indonesian citizens of Chinese ethnic and the first religious followers of
Protestant Christians who became governor of Jakarta. 3.
Youtube is a video sharing service that allows users to watch videos posted by other users and upload videos of their own. The service was
started as an independent website in 2005 and was acquired by Google in 2006. Videos that have been uploaded to youtube may appear on the
youtube websiteand can also be posted on other websites, though the files are hosted on the youtube server.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1. Theoretical Framework
This chapter presents the research review and some literatures related to the research tittle. This chapter explains the concept, some related theories and
support previous chapter. The researcher makes effort to reveal the video of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama Ahok
’s speechbecause of creating some social
phenomenon and people perception about the video content.
The process of understanding speech which is delivered by Ahok can be known through a review in the Discourse analysis. But the problems that occur in
content of the speech related to the understanding of society about the blasphemy of Islam by Ahok against the meaning of one verse from the letter of Al-Maidah.
Therefore, in terms of religion, social and culture in Indonesia, it turns out to have provided a broad discourse not limited to the understanding of text only, but other
things related to the appearance in the video and the response of Indonesian society, was coloring this problem so that requires understanding critically and
profoundly by using Critical Discourse Analysis CDA. This is a very crucial aspect in which power and domination are examined in public life through media
Ramanathan and Hoon, 2015 in Orelus, 2017.
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Discourse analysis DA is an analytical framework used to study text and words in a communicative context. DA is also considered a common
methodology, theory and critique related to social construction and social power. However, the presence of CDA provides its own style in understanding the media
based on the integration of text analysis, production process, consumption and distribution of text and sociocultural analysis Fairclough, 1995: 24. The
understanding of CDA through visual media is based on the linguistic analysis of the text that are contained therein, because visual analysis has traditionally been
the domain of media and cultural studies Machin and Mayr, 2012: 1. Textual analysis in CDA involves linguistic and intertextual analysis, both of which are
closely related to discourse media order which belongs to the domain of cultural power Talbot, 2007: 15.
Domain of cultural power is seen in Ahok ’s speech which can be analyzed
based on CDA by viewing discourse - the use of language in speech and writing - as a form of social practice Fairclough and Wodak, 1997: 258 in Bazzi, 2009:
72. Therefore, the description of social practice in the discourse implies directly the dialectical relationship between certain discursive events and the situation, in
this case at that time related to the election of the governor of Jakarta which involves in understanding the religion of the surrounding community against the
verses of the Qur’an in the letter of Al-Maidah verse 51. Therefore, the study of
Ahok’s speech can be categorized into two discussions as linguistic discourse and discourse practices Georgakopoulou and Spilioti, 2016: 362.