Type of the Research The Source, Form and Context of the Data

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Type of the Research

This research employed descriptive qualitative method since it emphasizes on describing the phenomenon of the use of language in its context by interpreting the data. According to Denzin and Yvona 1994:1, qualitative research is a field of inquiry in its own rights. It crosscuts disciplines, fields, and subject matter. Morse 1994 adds that this method will try to cover the language, the analysis, and description of interpretation. Furthermore, Lithcman 2010:12 says that its purpose is to describe and understand human phenomena, human interaction, or human discourse. This type of research attempted to describe or explain why a phenomenon happens. The research was conducted to explain or describe language phenomenon of speech act employed by the characters in the English course book Pathway to English for Senior High School Grade XI: General Programme. However, a quantitative approach was also involved to support the description of the data. This approach was used to reveal the frequency of the occurrence of the data. In addition, description is necessary in order to explicate the process of data interpretation. This type of research attempted to describe or explain why a phenomenon happens. Here the research was conducted to explain or describe language phenomenon of speech act of the dialogues contained in the course book.

B. The Source, Form and Context of the Data

The source of this research was the dialogues in the English textbook entitled Pathway to English for Senior High School Grade X: General Programme . The data of this research were in the form of units taken from Pathway to English for Senior High School Grade X General Programme . Every unit contains material consists of texts and dialogues. This research attempted to analyze the type of speech acts performed by the characters, the context of the dialogues, the relation between the illocutionary forces and the two competencies, and the character qualities integrated in the textbook. This research used speech act theories established by Searle and the context was taken from the theory proposed by Holmes. Then, this research used the two competencies formulated by The Ministry of National Education to reveal the relation between illocutionary forces and the two competencies. Furthermore, this research also studied and analyzed the character qualities integrated in this course book formulated by The Ministry of National Education Kemendiknas. In addition, those eighteen character qualities were categorized into five classifications of character qualities proposed by Aqib and Sujak which are human to God, human to themselves, human to others, human to the environment, and human to the nation. This research also used the secondary data. The secondary data were the book and articles related to the topic discussed in this research. The books and articles were used to find out related theory in order to answer the research question. Then, the contexts of the data were words, phrases, clauses, or sentences which reflect the situation of characters’ utterances.

C. Research Instrument