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4.3 The Cycles 4.3.1 Cycle 1 Exploring Learning Strategies
4.3.1.1 Instructional Decisions 4.3.1.2 Direct Strategies
4.3.1.3 Indirect Strategies 4.3.1.4 The Students’ Strategies
4.3.1.5 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy 4.3.1.6 The Students’ Problems
4.3.1.7 Conclusion of Cycle 1
4.3.2 Cycle 2 Modeling and Practicing 4.3.2.1 Instructional Decisions
4.3.2.2 Direct Strategies 4.3.2.3 Indirect Strategies
4.3.2.4 The Students’ Strategies 4.3.2.5 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy
4.3.2.6 The Students’ Problems 4.3.2.7 Conclusion of Cycle 2
4.3.3 Cycle 3 Modeling and Empowering The Learners 4.3.3.1 Instructional Decisions
4.3.3.2 Direct Strategies 4.3.3.3 Indirect Strategies
4.3.3.4 The Students’ Strategies 4.3.3.5 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy
4.3.3.6 The Students’ Problems 4.3.3.7 Conclusions of Cycle 3
Summing-Up The Cycles 4.4. Findings
4.4.1 The Students’ Problems 4.4.2 Instructional decisions
4.4.3 The Students’ Strategies 4.4.4 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy
4.5 Summary 108
112 112
118 120
126 128
132 133
135 135
140 142
148 150
153 155
157 157
161 162
170 171
174 176
178 179
179 180
183 185
190
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 191
5.0 Introduction 5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Suggestions and Limitation 191
191 195
References 198
LIST OF APPENDICES A.
Instruments Appendix A 1
Appendix A 2 Appendix A 3
Appendix A 4 Appendix A 5
Appendix A 6 209
211 214
216 217
218
viii
Appendix A 7 B.
Examples of Treatments, Fieldnotes and Data Appendix B
Appendix B 1 Appendix B 2
Appendix B 3 Appendix B 4
Appendix B 5 Appendix B 6
Appendix B 7 Appendix B 8
Appendix B 9 Appendix B 10
C. Example of Reading Materials
D. Example of Self-Access Language Learning Modules
CURRICULUM VITAE
219 220
224 229
230 232
234 237
252 254
257 260
303 312
319 LIST OF DIAGRAMS
Diagram 2 Diagram Assessment Diagram 3 a Design of Action Research
Diagram 3 b Design of the Study Diagram 3 c Design of Analyzing Students’ Perceived Problems in
Diagnostic Phase Diagram 3 d Design of Analyzing Students’ Problems in Diagnostic
Phase Diagram 3 e Design of Analyzing Data in Cycle 1 to 3
Diagram 4a The Program Diagram 4b The Treatments of Each Cycle
Diagram 4c Cycles of Learners’ Learning Autonomy 36
59 61
82 83
84 109
110 188
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2 Differences of Good and Novice Learners Table 4.2 a. The Students’ Learning Preferences in Diagnostic Phase
Table 4.2 b. The Students’ Learning Strategies in Diagnostic Phase Table 4.2 c. The Students’ Long Term Goals in Diagnostic Phase
Table 4 2 d. The Students’ Mid Term Goal in Diagnostic Phase Table 4.2 e. The Students’ Plan and Accomplishment in SALL in
Diagnostic Phase Table 4.2 f. The Students’ Learning Focus in Diagnostice Phase
Table 4.2 g. The Students’ Reading Evaluation in Diagnostic Phase Table 4.2 h. Students’ Reading Monitoring in Diagnostice Phase
Table 4.3.1 a Thinking Skills In Cycle 1 Table 4.3.1 b Goal Settings In Cycle 1
Table 4.3.1 c Learning Focus In Cycle 1 Table 4.3.1 d Learning Benefits In Cycle 1
32 96
97 98
99
100 101
101 102
120 120
121 122
ix
Table 4.3.1 e Strategies Adopted In Cycle 1 Table 4.3.1 f Affective Response In Cycle 1
Table 4.3.1 g Levels of Confidence in Cycle 1 Table 4.3.1 h Students’ Perceived Problems In Cycle 1
Table 4.3.1 i Learning Purpose Development In Cycle 1
Table 4.3.1 j Motivation Development In Cycle 1 Table 4.3.2 a Thinking Skills In Cycle 2
Table 4.3.2 b Goal Settings In Cycle 2 Table 4.3.2 c Learning Focus In Cycle 2
Table 4.3.2 d Learning Benefits In Cycle 2 Table 4.3.2 e Strategies Adopted In Cycle 2
Table 4.3.2 f Affective Response In Cycle 2 Table 4.3.2 g Levels of Confidence in Cycle 2
Table 4.3.2 h Students’ Perceived Problems In Cycle 2 Table 4.3.2 i Learning Purpose Development In Cycle 2
Table 4.3.2 j Motivation Development In Cycle 2 Table 4.3.2 k Development of Levels of Confidence In Cycle 2
Table 4.3.3 a Thinking Skills In Cycle 3 Table 4.3.3 b Goal Settings In Cycle 3
Table 4.3.3 c Learning Focus In Cycle 3 Table 4.3.3 d Learning Benefits In Cycle 3
Table 4.3.3 e Strategies Adopted In Cycle 3 Table 4.3.3 f Affective Response In Cycle 3
Table 4.3.3 g Levels of Confidence in Cycle 3 Table 4.3.3 h Students’ Perceived Problems In Cycle 3
Table 4.3.3 i Learning Purpose Development In Cycle 3
Table 4.3.3 j Motivation Development In Cycle 3 Table 4.3.2 k Development of Levels of Confidence In Cycle 3
123 124
125 126
129 131
141 143
144 145
146 147
147 148
150 152
153 162
163 164
165 166
167 168
169 172
173 174
x
List of Abbreviations
BSNP Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan
C1 Cycle 1
C2 Cycle 2
C3 Cycle 3
D III Diploma III
D IV Diploma IV
DP: Diagnostic Phase
EFL English as a Foregin Language
MoNE The Ministry of National Education SAC:
Self Access Center SALL: Self Access Language Learning
ZPD Zone Proximal Development
1
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
