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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY REPORT ON THE CONDUCT OF THE STUDY 89

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction 3.1 Research Design 3.2 The Procedure of The Study 3.3 Access 3.4 Setting 3.5 The Subjects 3.6 Instrument 3.6.1 The Researcher 3.6.2 Field Notes 3.6.3 Tests 3.6.3.1 Proficiency Test 3.6.3.2 Vocabulary Tests 3.6.4 Questionnaires 3.6.4.1 Closed Questionnaire 3.4.4.2 Open-Ended Questionnaire 3.6.5 Journals 3.6.5.1 KWL Journal 3.6.5.2 Learning Journal 3.6.5.3 Reflective Journal

3.6.5.4 Thinking Process Journal

3.6.6 Informal Interview 3.7 Data Analysis 3.8 Reliability and Validity 3.9 Summary 56 56 58 60 62 62 64 65 65 66 66 66 67 69 69 71 72 72 73 75 78 80 81 86 88

CHAPTER IV REPORT ON THE CONDUCT OF THE STUDY 89

4.0 Introduction 4.1 Preliminary Studies 4.1.1 Preliminary Study 1 4.1.2 Preliminary Study 2 4.1.3 Findings of Preliminary Studies 4.2 Diagnostic Phase 4.2.1 Academic Environment 4.2.1.1 Curriculum 4.2.1.2 Class Context and Facilities 4.2.2 The Students 4.2.2.1 The Students’ Learning Background 4.2.2.2 The Students’ Planning and Learning Focus 4.2.2.3 The Students’ Evaluation and Monitoring 4.2.3 The Students’ Problems 4.2.3.1 The Students’ Perceived Problems 4.2.3.2 The Students’ Problems from The Lecturer’s Perspective 4.2.4 Conclusions of The Diagnostic Phase 89 89 90 91 91 93 93 93 95 96 96 99 102 103 103 103 107 vii 4.3 The Cycles 4.3.1 Cycle 1 Exploring Learning Strategies 4.3.1.1 Instructional Decisions 4.3.1.2 Direct Strategies 4.3.1.3 Indirect Strategies 4.3.1.4 The Students’ Strategies 4.3.1.5 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy 4.3.1.6 The Students’ Problems 4.3.1.7 Conclusion of Cycle 1 4.3.2 Cycle 2 Modeling and Practicing 4.3.2.1 Instructional Decisions 4.3.2.2 Direct Strategies 4.3.2.3 Indirect Strategies 4.3.2.4 The Students’ Strategies 4.3.2.5 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy 4.3.2.6 The Students’ Problems 4.3.2.7 Conclusion of Cycle 2 4.3.3 Cycle 3 Modeling and Empowering The Learners 4.3.3.1 Instructional Decisions 4.3.3.2 Direct Strategies 4.3.3.3 Indirect Strategies 4.3.3.4 The Students’ Strategies 4.3.3.5 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy 4.3.3.6 The Students’ Problems 4.3.3.7 Conclusions of Cycle 3 Summing-Up The Cycles 4.4. Findings 4.4.1 The Students’ Problems 4.4.2 Instructional decisions 4.4.3 The Students’ Strategies 4.4.4 The Development of Learners’ Learning Autonomy 4.5 Summary 108 112 112 118 120 126 128 132 133 135 135 140 142 148 150 153 155 157 157 161 162 170 171 174 176 178 179 179 180 183 185 190

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 191

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