CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methodology used in this study. It comprises of the research design, method of study, time and location of the
research, subject of the research, instrument of research, technique of data collecting, and technique of data analysis.
A. Research Design
In writing this paper, the writer uses descriptive qualitative design and uses procedural of error analysis itself, the data for materials are collected from
library research and field research. Many books have been read to support the library research, while correlate with the ideas, theories and views in the
discussion in order to observe them as a source information. Field research, the data is collected from the interview the teacher of
English subject and observation in one class only, and to obtain the data, the writer takes data from writing composition assignment that collected from the
students.
B. Time and Location of the Research
This research was carried out from September 18,2008. Before collecting data, the writer observed the class of the 9
th
year students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas Cipete ,Jakarta Selatan, and to get real data the writer collected the composition in
writing assignment, after data collected the writer began to analyze them.
C. Subject of the Research
In this research, the writer took the population from the 9
th
year students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas Cipete ,Jakarta Selatan Academic Year 20082009. The
whole population of the third year class is about 118 regular students, which is divided into 4 classes.
The write chose 3A class consisting of 30 students. Then, the sample is 27 students, because 3 students did not attend the class.
D.
Instrument of Research
To collect the data of this research, the writer gives the handout of writing to the 9
th
year students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas. The students are asked to write English composition of writing in a piece of paper under certain topic, so that the
result has similarity but also the different case of error.
E. Technique of Data Collecting
The techniques of collecting data used in research are:
a. Documentation
This instrument is needed to obtain the data from English teacher such as students’ names and students’ English scores.
b. Test
The test consist of 6 items that should be answered by the students in English writing, the material of writing is based on English syllabus for 9
th
year student of Junior high school. The form of the test can be seen in the appendixes.
F. Technique of Data Analysis
To find out what kind of errors that commonly made by the 9
th
year students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas Cipete in writing?, The writer uses some steps
there are: 1.
First, the writer had a meeting with the headmaster 2.
Second, getting some information from the English teacher such as the ability of the student’s writing skill, the material have been given and
English lesson schedule 3.
Preparing writing task and arranging the time for doing the writing task
4. Doing the task in the classroom, the students make short composition
about their unforgettable experience
5. Collecting the data, the writer asks the students to make English
composition about their unforgettable experience in a piece of paper given see appendixes.
6. Identification of error by classifying the errors using Betty Azhar’s
categories of errors. 7.
Description of error 8.
Explanation of Error, the writer give the explanation about the error categories and explain the number of error that student made in their
writing compositions 9.
Evaluation by re teaching about making English composition.
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS
This chapter presents and discusses about research findings which is consist of: Analysis of the data, description of the data and interpretation of the
data.
A. Analysis of the Data
