27
3.3 The Respondent Determination Method
Respondents are the sample of population. Arikunto 1998:102 states that respondent is a person who gives responses and answers to the questions given by
the researcher orally or in a written form. The research populations in this research were the eighth grade student of SMPN 4 Jember in the 20142015
academic year. The eighth grade students of SMPN 4 Jember area are divided into seven classes VIII A, VIII B, VIII C, VIII D, VIII E, VIII F, VIII G. Two of
seven classes were selected as the experimental group and the control group by using cluster sampling method.
The respondents of this research were taken by using cluster sampling after the researcher analyzed
the students’ writing score from the teacher by using ANOVA formula. Since the populations were homogeneous, the experimental
group and the control group were determined by lottery.
3.4 The Operational Definition of the Terms
3.4.1 Composite Pictures Composite pictures are large and single pictures which show a scene a
hospital, a beach, a canteen, a railway station, a garden, a street in which number of people can be seen doing things. In this research, the media that was used in
teaching English especially teaching writing a recount paragraph was composite pictures. The researcher showed about two composite pictures in the classroom by
using LCD Projector to make the students could see the picture clearly. In choosing the composite pictures, the researcher considered some aspects such as;
the topic that was used in writing a recount paragraph, the clarity of pictures, and the appropriateness of the students
’ level. Before the teacher let the students to construct a recount paragraph based on the composite pictures, the teacher guided
the students to see the activities on the composite pictures by using spatial sequencing. According to Ploeger 2000:58 there were five steps is used to
arrange the things you look as you move around in spatial sequencing, two of them are top to bottom or bottom to top and left to right or right to left. In this
28
step, the researcher adapted those two ways to guide the students in arranging activities based on the composite pictures given.
3.4.2 A Recount Paragraph A recount paragraph is a para
graph that tells the reader about the writer’s past event. A recount paragraph will consist of 100 words. Therefore, the students
constructed a recount paragraph of 100 words consists of orientation, event, reorientation and it has to consider with 5 aspects of writing grammar,
vocabulary, mechanic, content, organization have to be considered.
3.4.3 Writing Achievement Achievement is the students’ knowledge, understanding, and skill acquired
as a result of specific education experience. Therefore, writing achievement can be defined as an achievement to communicate the information and ideas in written
forms so that the others can understand their writing with clarity of thought, organization, and good sentence structure. Besides, the students have to consider
to the aspects in writing a recount paragraph. They are content, vocabulary, grammar, mechanics, and organization.
3.5 The Data Collection Method
Kategori