skilled helper. Vygotsky saw words as briefing children scientific concepts [ CITATION DeVnd \l 1033 ]. According to Bronfenbrenner 1994, “human development is going
through the process of progressively more complex reciprocal interaction between an active, evolving biopsychological human organism and the persons, objects, and
symbols in its immediate environment”. This is because; Bronfenbrenner’s theory focuses on the social contexts where people live and the people who influence their
development. Authoritative parenting styles may affect positively of their children development in social contexts compared to neglectful parents. This is because,
children that have been neglected appear more signs of delayed cognitive development, poor language skills, and poor social skills and coping abilities[ CITATION Bra14 \l
1033 ].
3.0 METHODOLOGY SECTION
3.1 Method used
In this study, survey method was used to get the feedback. A questionnaire on comparison of authoritative and neglectful
parenting style was administered in order to compile the parent’s perception about the effect on children’s development.
A questionnaire comprising 2 sections was used in this study. In the first section, the respondents are required to answer 3 questions on
demographic data. The questions consist of the respondents’ age, gender and number of children. The second section contains 3
subsections that can be categorized as children cognitive, language and social skills. There are 6 questions in each of the subsections.
Overall, there are 21 questions in the questionnaire.
3.2 Sampling
6
There are about 20 parents are given the questionnaire. Our respondents consist of parents and single parents.
Our respondents made up of our own neighbors where we already know about the
number and ages of their children, which further facilitate our survey.
3.3 Limitations
This study was conducted in two different places which are in Nilai Impian, Negeri Sembilan and Klang, Selangor. It is because we want
to see the parent’s perception between these two places. 10 questionnaires were given for each places. Parents and single
parents that we do a survey must have at least 7 years old child. The requirement we prescribed may help us get a more accurate
perception as compared of young parents.
4.0 ANALYSIS OF DATA RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Result presentation
All the data and findings gathered are presented in percentages in the form of table.
4.1.1 Demographic data A. Age
Age 21 -
23 24 -
26 27 -
30 30
No. of Respondent
3 8
9
Percentage 15
40 45
7
Table 4.1.1 Respondent’s age
Among 20 of the respondents, 15 of them are in range age of 24 – 26, while 40 of them are in 27 – 30 years old. The higher
percentage of the respondents are 30 years and above.
B. Gender
Gender Male
Female No. of
Respondent
8 12
Percentage 40
60
60 of the respondent are female while other 40 are male. This amount are not equal because the study also carried on the single
parents too.
C. Number of Children
No. of Children 1 - 5
6 - 10 10
No. of Respondent
16 3
1
Percentage 80
15 5
80 of 20 respondents have 1 to 5 children, while 15 of them have 6 to 10 children. Only 5 has more than 10 children. The studied done on
parents that have children at least 7 years old. It is because they are more experienced in order to give a feedback on their children development
rather than a younger parents.
8
Table 4.1.2 Respondent’s gender
Table 4.1.3 Respondent’s children
4.1.2 Respondent’s Feedback A. Children Cognitive Skill
Question 1 : 60 of 20
parents strongly agree that
they have the right to set the
rules in their house, while 40 of them were agree too.
Question 2 : Most of the parents agree that parents still can give independent to the child to develop the skills and 10 of them strongly
agree with the statement. Only 20 of them feel neutral with the statement.
Question 3 : 60 of the parents agree that negotiation skills among their children can be develop if parents give them attention. 20 of them
strongly agree with the statement while another 40 have neutral feeling about that.
Question 4 : More than half which is 55 of the parents agree that attention given by the parents will develop child’s reasoning skills and
20 of them strongly agree with this. 15 of the parents not sure about the statement while 10 of them were disagree.
9
Table 4.1.4 Respondent’s feedback on children cognitive skill
No. of Respondent Percentage
Scale 1
2 3
4 5
Q1 8
12 40
60
Q2 4
14 2
20 70
10
Q3 4
12 4
20 60
20
Q4 2
3 11
4 10
15 55
20
Q5 3
2 7
8 15
10 35
40
Q6 2
5 12
1 10
25 60
5
Question 5 : 40 of parents strongly agree that neglectful parents will delay the children’s academic performance and 35 of them also agree
with this. While 15 of them were disagree with the statement, other 10 in neutral feelings about this.
Question 6 : 10 of parents were not agree that high egocentrism among children are cause from neglectful parents. 60 and 5 were agree and
strongly agree with the statement. Other 25 of the parents not sure about the statement given.
B. Children Language Skill
Scale 1
2 3
4 5
Q1 3
6 7
4 15
30 35
20
Q2 1
6 9
3 1
5 30
45 15
5
Q3 3
8 9
15 40
45
Q4 1
2 10
7 5
10 50
35
Q5 3
9 8
15 45
40
Q6 4
10 4
2 20
50 20
10
10
Table 4.1.5 Respondent’s feedback on children language skill
No. of Respondent Percentage
Question 1 : 35 of parents that answer the questionnaire agree that authoritative parents will develop children’s language skill while 20 of
them strongly agree with the statement. 30 of the respondents not sure about the statement while another 15 disagree with the statement.
Question 2 : Authoritative parents able to increase children’s sophistication in use of words and this statement was totally agree and
agree by 5 and 15 respectively. In other side, 5 and 30 were said they are totally disagree and disagree respectively. Balance of 45 were
not sure about the statement,
Question 3 : 45 of parents totally agree that children will have greater understanding of complex literary works when they engage with their child
and 40 of them agree with that. 15 of them have a mix feelings about the statement.
Question 4 : Half of the parents agree that neglectful parents cause children delay in their language skill while 35 of them strongly agree
with the statement. In the other hand, only 5 of the parents disagree and the balance of 10 said they feel neutral with the statement.
Question 5 : 45 and 40 of parents agree and strongly agree respectively about parents that not give attention will cause their children
unable to understand complex words. A balance of 15 had a mix feelings about that.
Question 6 : Half of the respondents have mix feelings when we state that children will use inappropriate words when parents avoid to communicate
with them, while same percentage of parents agree and disagree with the statement which contribute to 20 each. Another 10 said they strongly
agree with the statement.
11
C. Children Social Skill
Scale 1
2 3
4 5
Question 1
3 9
6 2
15 45
30 10
Question 2
3 7
7 3
15 35
35 15
Question 3
1 4
6 7
2 5
20 30
35 10
Question 4
3 4
9 4
15 20
45 20
Question 5
1 5
10 4
5 25
50 20
Question 6
2 7
6 5
10 35
30 25
Question 1 : 45 of parents have mix feelings when we said that children easily adapt to socialize with others when parents gives attention. 30 of
them agree and 10 strongly agree while another 15 disagree about that.
Question 2 : Authoritative parents will cause children to keep positive relationship with peers and this statement were disagree by 15 of
parents. 35 of parents have equally perspective about that in natural feelings and agree with the statement. Another 15 very sure and
strongly agree with the statement.
Question 3 : 35 and 10 of parents agree and totally agree respectively when we state that authoritative parents caused children to broad their
links of friends. While that, 5 and 20 of parents strongly disagree and
12
Table 4.1.6 Respondent’s feedback on children social skill
No. of Respondent Percentage
disagree respectively about that. A balance of 30 parents have neutral feelings about that.
Question 4 : 15 of parents disagree that neglectful parents caused the children to isolate themselves while 45 and 20 of parents agree and
strongly agree respectively with the statement. A balance of 20 have neutral feelings about this.
Question 5 : Half of the respondents agree when we state that neglectful parents caused children’s social skill delay, while 20 of parents strongly
agree with the statement. 25 of them have mix feelings and only 5 of them disagree with the statement.
Question 6 : 35 of parents have neutral feeling when we state that children tend to become introvert when parents did not give attention to
them. 30 were agree and supported with another 25 of parents that totally agree too. Another 10 of respondent were disagree with the
statement.
13
5.0 CONCLUSION
