commit to user 48
the evaluation of them, and deciding which one is the most adequate one.
From those definitions above, it can be concluded that Creativity is an ability to identify and generate new ideas and to use the insight to
finally go through the verification process of applying the idea and finally to bring something new into existence. It is measured by the flexibility,
fluency, and originality of responses to a given problem situation. It is also measured by the sensitivity of an individual to a problem and the ability to
redefine information. In short, it can be assumed that the aspects of creativity are: 1 flexibility; 2 fluency; 3 originality; 4 elaboration;
and 5 redefinition.
4. Verbal Creativity
Torrance, in Munandar 1999b: 67, defines verbal creativity as an ability to think creatively and to measure one’s fluency, flexibility, and
originality of a verbal form which deals with words and sentences. This statement shows that verbal creativity has a great deal with creative
thinking. Similarly, Mednick and Mednick in Sinolungan 2001: 90 state that verbal creativity is an ability to see a relationship of different ideas
and to combine these ideas into new associations. In short, it can be said that bringing something new into existence and being able to link the
existed ideas with new ideas are parts of verbal creativity. According to Guilford 1967, verbal creativity is the ability to
think divergently, this divergent thinking involves creative generation of
commit to user 49
multiple answers to a set problem. In addition, Thrustone, as quoted by Azwar 1996: 4 states that verbal refers to any understanding towards
relationship of words, vocabularies, and communication mastery. More specific, Munandar 1988a gives some aspects which influence verbal
creativity which can be seen as follows: a.
Fluency of thinking which describes the number of ideas comes out from one’s mind.
b. Flexibility which is described as the ability to use various
approaches in solving problems. c.
Originality. It is described as the one’s ability to bring about original ideas.
d. Elaboration. It is the ability to develop ideas and break them down
in detail. Later, Munandar uses those four factors to create test for verbal
creativity. Based on those definitions above, it can be concluded that verbal
creativity is an ability to generate and create new forms of ideas and to combine these ideas into new associations through divergent thinking
which reflect one’s fluency, flexibility, and originality of a verbal form which deals with words, vocabularies and sentences. In terms of the
aspects it covers, verbal creativity has more or less the same aspects as creativity. They are: 1 flexibility; 2 fluency; 3 originality; 4
elaboration; and 5 redefinition.
commit to user 50
5. Measuring Creativity Houtz and Krug 1995, in Villalba, 2008: 13, provide a review
