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students ‘creativity test or higher Score ≥ Me. On the contrary, it
will be included as low creativity if his score is under the midpoint Score Me. In addition, the scoring rubric for creativity test is
designed by adopting Munandar’s verbal creativity.
2. Research Instrument
In this research, there are instruments, namely writing test and verbal creativity test.
a. Writing Test To collect the data for writing skills, the instrument used in this
research is test. Arikunto 2002: 127 defines test as a set of questions, experiences, or other means to measure skill, knowledge, intelligence,
achievement, or aptitude of an individual or group. According to Brown 1994: 252 test is a method of measuring a person’s ability or
knowledge. Burke 2000: 122 defines that a good test must be reliable and valid. Validity refers to the appropriateness of the interpretations and
actions made by the researchers that is based on the scores they get from a test, while reliability refers to the consistency of the scores obtained
from a test. However, in writing, readability is used instead of validity and readability.
Readability is the ease in which text can be read and understood. In writing, readability is closely related to writing instruction. However,
Instruction plays a very important role since it is used to determine how clear and understandable an instruction is for students. Hughes 1989: 39-
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40 states that a good instruction must have the quality of being clear and explicit. Next, it should avoid supposition that students all know what is
intended. Moreover, the test writer should not rely on the students’ power of telepathy to elicit the desired behavior.
b. Verbal Creativity Test For the creativity, the test used is verbal creativity test which is
proposed by Utami Munandar 1977. Moreover, the validity of the test later is analyzed by using Pearson Correlation Analysis, while for the
reliability, it
is determined
through alpha
formula.
Meanwhile the alpha formula is as follows:
note: r
11 =
index of instrument reliability k = number of valid items
Si =
item variance S
t² =
total variance
r
xy
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E. Technique of Analyzing the Data
