65
Government level – Social service ministries need accurate human resource data, clear job descriptions,
and staffing plans that include recruitment and deployment mechanisms. They should also have a good understanding of staff skills and qualifications and access to training opportunities for professional
development. In addition, a strong workforce requires competitive salary scales and incentives, good supervision, clear professional codes of conduct, licensing mechanisms, and professional associations.
Civil societyNGO level – Human resources plans and policies should at minimum reflect the standards
outlined for the government social service workforce. In addition, NGOs must have mechanisms for managing nonpaid volunteers.
Community level
– Each member of a community should have a role that complements his or her capacities and interests and is well understood by others. Community leaders and members should be
able to identify individuals to fill capacity gaps and provide them with the support required to do their jobs well. Communities should also identify ways to compensate members for their contributions.
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Approaches that PEPFAR partners can take to support the workforce at each of these levels include: Working with ministries and NGOs to do capacity assessments and develop human resources
information systems and recruitment and deployment plans Training and mentoring supervisors and developing performance improvement tools and
resources Worki
g ith o u ities, the a suppo t egula assess e ts of o
u it e e s roles
and responsibilities Establishing systems for supporting volunteers
Encouraging community members to provide frank and constructive performance feedback to government workers, NGO staff, and other community members
11.2.3 Building adequate financing
OVC partners should support strategies to improve financing. This is the third most-requested area of operational support and has implications for other functions.
Government level – Social service ministries must know the financial costs and benefits of services, and
make a strong case to ministries of finance and other donors to secure necessary funding. Ministries should have complete and effective financial management systems. If relevant, organizations should
have clear policies and procedures for managing grants and contracts, including policies and guidance for providing regular supervision and support to grantee and contractors.
Civil societyNGO level – NGOs should have well-defined business development plans and, ideally,
multiple funding sources. Like social service ministries, NGOs should have complete, up-to-date, and well-understood and well-documented financial management systems.
Community level – Communities should support a diverse economy with a range of activities that
succeed and decline at different rates over time. As the economy improves, the entire community may benefit through increased tax revenues, tithes, or donations by community members. Overdependence
on agriculture or a specific industry, such as mining, may leave a community vulnerable to changes in weather and external markets.
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International Finance Corporation IFC Environment Division. 2000. Investing in People: Sustaining Communities through Improved Business Practice: A Community Development Resource Guide for Companies. Washington, D.C.: IFC. Accessible at:
http:www.ifc.orgifcextenviro.nsfAttachmentsByTitlep_comdevFILECommunityGuide.pdf
66 Approaches that PEPFAR partners can take to support financing at each of these levels include:
Working with social service ministries and communities to do costing analyses and develop budget requests for the ministry of finance or, for communities, for district and local
government funds
Helping ministries, NGOs, and communities develop business plans, draft donor proposals, and establish private-public partnerships
Providing training to ministry and NGO accountants and other budget staff to better track expenses and improve cost estimates and systems for managing sub-grants and contracts
Encouraging community members to provide support or in-kind donations to vulnerable families
11.2.4 Building effective information management and accountability systems
