Adjectives Adverbs The Clarification of Vocabulary

2.1.3 Adjectives

Adjective is type of word identifying attribute of a noun, showing degree of contrast. Thomson and Martinet 1986:33 classify adjectives into six types. They are: 1. Demonstrative adjectives, for examples: this, that, those, these. o This is my cat. 2. Distributive adjectives, for examples: each, either, every, neither. o I study every morning. 3. Quantitative adjectives, for examples: some, any, many. o I have many cars. 4. Qualitative adjectives, for examples: clever, good, fat, heavy. o He is clever. 5. Interrogative adjectives, for examples: what, who, whose. o What are you doing? 6. Possessive adjectives, for examples: my, your, his, her. o You are my brother. This research focused on qualitative adjectives because it was mostly taught to the eighth grade students based on the material in 2006 Institutional Based Curriculum.

2.1.4 Adverbs

According to Crystal 1995:211, an adverb is a word used to qualify any part of speech except a noun or pronoun. Hatch and Brown 1995:230 state that adverbs are similar to adjectives in many ways although they typically assign attributes to verbs, clauses, or entire sentences rather than to nouns. Thomson and Martinet 1986:52 classify adverb into eight types: 1. Adverbs of manner, for examples: quickly, happily, fast, neatly. o He run fast. 2. Adverbs of place, for examples: here, there, near, by. o Came here,please 3. Adverbs of time, for examples: now, soon, still, then. o He is a student in Primagama course now. 4. Adverbs of frequency, for examples: once, never, often, always. o He always studies in the morning. 5. Adverbs of emphasize, for examples: certainly, surely, definetly. o Certainly, he cannot go. 6. Adverbs of degree, for examples: rather, too, very. o It is too expensive. 7. Adverbs of interrogative, for examples: when, why, where. o Where do you live? 8. Adverbs of relative, for examples: whenever, whatever, whoever. o I will wait you, whenever you go back. In this research, adverbs of manners, adverbs of place, and adverbs of time were chosen because it was mostly taught to the eighth grade students based on the material in 2006 Institutional Based Curriculum.

2.2 Puzzle