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iv. The Base Ending with the Letter ‘d’
The base ending with the letter ‘d’ rarely appears on the data. There are only two bases of the suffix {-ure} ending with the letter ‘d’. These are the data.
Expend expenditure
Proceed procedure
The data above show that the bases ending with the letter ‘d’ have no certain characteristics when they are attached to the suffix {-ure}. The base
expend is attached to the allomorph {-iture} so that it becomes expenditure while the base proceed is not. In this case, the diachronic approach is used. The base
expend comes from Latin word expenditus. As explained in the words borrowed from Latin before, the letter ‘s’ is not pronounced while the double vowels are
pronounced as one sound in Latin. Thus, expenditus + {-ure} does not become expenditusure but expenditure. Meanwhile, the base proceed is originated from
the French word which is procéder. In French, the letter ‘r’ in the end of a word is not pronounced, whereas the double-vowel letter is pronounced in a single
sound. Thus, procéder + {-ure} becomes procédure, not procéderure.
v. The Base Ending with the Letter ‘l’
According to the sources which are used in this present study, the base ending with the letter ‘l’ is included as one of the bases having the fewest data.
There is only one base ending with the letter ‘l’. Below is the datum. Fail
failure
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As the datum above, the base fail becomes failure. It shows that the base ending with the letter ‘l’ has no allomorph of {-ure} at all. Thus, the addition of
the suffix {-ure} is executed directly without any modification at all.
vi. The Base Ending with the Letter ‘s’
The other base having the fewest data based on the last letter of the base is the base ending with the letter ‘s’. The number of the base ending with the
letter ‘s’ is only one. The word is as follows. Press
pressure After the last letter of the base press which is ‘s’, the suffix {-ure} is
added to the base directly. Consequently, the word press + {-ure} becomes pressure without any changing of the base. In other words, the base ending with
the letter ‘s’ is not being attached to the allomorph of the suffix {-ure} but the suffix {-ure} instantly.
vii. The Base Ending with the Letter ‘n’
According to the data, besides the bases ending with the letters ‘l’ and ‘s’, there is the last letter of the base of the suffix {-ure} which only has one
datum. The base is ended with the letter ‘n’. The word is shown as follows. Sign
signature Similar to the word curve which turns into curvature when attached to
the suffix {-ure}, the base ending with the letter ‘n’ is also followed by {-ature} which is the variant of the suffix {-ure}. The base word of signature, sign, comes
from the Latin word signatus. It is the Latin past participle of signare. Since in Latin there is no pronunciation of the letter ‘s’ and the double vowels are
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pronounced as one sound, the word signatus + {-ure} does not become signatusure but signature.
b. The Last Phoneme of the Base
After analyzing the data using the last spelling letter of the bases as above, the second method is applied. In this method, the data are analyzed based
on the last phoneme sounds of bases of the suffix {-ure}. The pronunciation of the data before and after attached to the suffix {-ure} is important on this method
in order to analyze the changes of the pronunciation of the suffix {-ure} which is originally pronounced as jər. Below are the data of the distribution of the
suffix {-ure} based on the last phoneme of the bases of the suffix {-ure}.
Table 2. The Distribution of the Suffix {-ure} Based on the Last Phoneme of the Bases
NO. THE LAST
PHONEME OF THE BASE
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
1 t
13 43.3
2 z
9 30
3 s
3 10
4 d
2 6.8
5 l
1 3.3
6 n
1 3.3
7 v
1 3.3
TOTAL 30
100
i. The Base Ending with t
