B. Approach of the Study
To analyze the problem formulated in this study, the writer applies the psychological approach. According to Guerin et al in A Handbook of Critical
Approaches to Literature: Psychological approaches: provide insight into the thematic and symbolic
mysteries of a work of literature and enhance other readings. These critics seek the possible motives behind the literary work, reading
―between the lines‖ for author‘s and characters‘ psychological conflicts.‖ 2011: 222
Both friendship and conflict are much related with this approach. This approach is
used to know the meaning of friendship in this novel through the relationship in between the characters so that we can understand the story. It can also reveal
every single influence of friendship to solve the conflicts. The psychological approach was introduced by Sigmund Freud in 20
th
century. As it stated by Guerin et al 2011: 201: The formalist approach, on the other hand, often neglects historical and
sociological contexts that may provide important insights into the meaning of the work. In turn, the crucial limitation of the psychological approach is
its aesthetics inadequacy: psychological interpretation can afford many
profound clues toward solving a work‘s thematic and symbolic mysteries, but it can seldom account for the beautiful symmetry of a well-wrought
poem or of a fictional masterpiece.
It is different with other approach. Psychological approach digs deeper meaning of hints, in this study, through friendship and conflicts.
This criticism is chosen to analyze Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows to see the relationship between the characters in the novel. The criticism is
suitable because the focus of the analysis will be on describing how friendship solves the conflict. In addition, the study will also deal mostly with the
experiences of the characters and their friendship; therefore this study will also
focus on how they build their friendship. For these reasons, the psychoanalytic criticism is suitable to study the topic.
C. Method of the Study
The data for this research are taken from a book. The title of the book is Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. This is story about a boy named Harry
Potter who experienced his last journey as The Chosen One to fight his parents‘ killer, Lord Voldemort. This book focus on finishing the quest Dumbledore
started: to hunt and destroy Voldemorts remaining Horcruxes, objects in which he has hidden parts of his soul for the purpose of being immortal. During the time
they search the Horcrux, Harry Potter as the main character has to face many problems with his best friends, many loss of the people he loves the most, many
sorrow, and many confusion. The primary source is J.K. Rowling‘s Harry Potter and the Deathly
Hallows. The others sources are book by Redman, A Second Book of Plays; the book by Beebe, Interpersonal Communication: Relating to Others. Sixth Edition;
An Introduction to Fiction by Stanton; Reading and Writing about Literature by Rohrberger and Woods;
Coleman‘s book, Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life; Friends, for Life by Duck; Vasta et al with their book, Child Psychology The
Modern Life; Guerin‘s book: A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature; A
Glossary of Literary Terms by M. H. Abrams; and M. J. Murphy‘s Understanding
Unseens.
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