how Paulo Coelho returns in Catholicism and studies the kindness of magic. This novel is ended with description of others novels written by Paulo Coelho.
Paulo Coelho’s
Brida is a fiction novel which talks about a journey of an Irish girl, Brida, in learning magic. Brida wants to learn magic because she wants to learn
about the occult power and she thinks magic can help her in finding answer to some questions she has regarding life. Unexpectedly she finds that occultism is quite
different from what she thinks. Occultism is not easy as what she thinks. This fact often makes her want to give up. However, learning occultism does not merely brings
difficulties to her. Through the difficulties Brida understands what occultism is and finally she becomes a witch. She also realizes that magic as a part of occultism does
not answer her questions regarding life. However, it helps her in accepting her own life.
B. Approach of the Study
In analyzing Paulo Coelho’s Brida, the writer uses objective theory in analyzing a work of art.
According to Abrams 1953:26-28, objective theory regards a work of art in isolation from the external points of reference such as universe, author and readers. A
work of art is not an imitation of a universe since universe itself is an object in a work of art. In order to place universe as an object in a work of art, objective theory uses
such a centripetal method which assimilates the external elements into the attributes of the work of art. It is by letting the universe reenter the discussion as the plot,
character, and thought which together with diction, melody, and spectacle. These things compose the universe into an object in a work of art. In this sense, Abrams
calls a work of art as a “self-sufficient entity constituted by its parts in their internal relations”.
Objective theory also regards a work of art as a heterocosm. It is a world of its own whose end is not to instruct or to please but simply to exist. According to Kant, a
work of art as a heterocosm, exhibits Zweckm āssigkeit ohne zweck or purposiveness
without purpose. In this sense, Kant argues that the beauty of a work of art is disinterested and without regard to utility. However, Kant does not neglect the mental
faculties of its creator and receptor. Another critic, T.S.Eliot, says that a work of art must be considered as a work of art, not another thing. It should not mean but it
should be. The writer argues that this objective theory is the most appropriate theory to
analyze Paulo Coelho’s Brida. In order to analyze occultism in Paulo Coelho’s Brida, the writer does not refer to the external points of reference. The writer analyzes the
internal elements and their relation which make up the idea of occultism in Paulo Coelho’s Brida.
C. Method of the Study
In order to do this undergraduate thesis, the writer took several steps which were required in finishing this thesis. The first step was that the writer read Paulo
Coelho’s Brida several times in order to understand what the author really wanted to
say. After reading several times, the writer argued that the main point in Paulo Coelho’s Brida was about the definition of occultism. The author wanted to define
what occultism really was. The writer could have such argument by having attention to the details within Paulo Coelho’s Brida which build the definition of the occultism
itself. The second step was that the writer formulates the problem formulation. In
answering the problem formulation, the writer used two kinds of sources. They are the primary and secondary sources. The primary source was the novel itself, Paulo
Coelho’s Brida. It was used to analyze the story and to get the supporting answers of the problem formulation. The secondary sources were the books that provided
theories on character and characterization, theories on occultism, and also theories of the study. Besides, the writer also had library and internet research. The writer used
library research in finding all of the secondary sources. However, the internet research was also required in finding some of the secondary sources such as several
theories on occultism. The internet research also helped the writer in finding other undergraduate theses which discussed Paulo Coelho’s Brida through official online
library of certain universities.
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
