PENUTUP PERAN PEMEDIASIAN CONSUMER SELF-CONFIDENCE DAN PEMODERASIAN TINGKAT PENDAPATAN DALAM HUBUNGAN KAUSAL PERSONAL SHOPPING VALUE DENGAN INFORMATION SHARING.

80

BAB V
PENUTUP

Dalam bab ini akan dibahas mengenai kesimpulan dan implikasi manajerial dari
hasil. Pada bab ini juga akan memberikan hasil dan kesimpulan yang menjawab
permasalahan yang ada dalam penelitian ini.
5.1. Kesimpulan
Setelah melakukan analisis data dari 136 responden yaitu yang terdiri dari uji
validitas dan uji reliabilitas, analisis regresi berganda, analisis One Sample T-test, Oneway
Anova dan Chisquare maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut:
1.

Hasil temuan yang berbeda terjadi pada penelitian ini dimana Consumer self
confidence tidak memediasi sepenuhnya tetapi hanya sebagian yaitu pengaruh
hedonic value terhadap information sharing yang dimediasi sebagian oleh social
self confidence dan itupun pengaruh mediasinya relatif kecil dibandingkan pengaruh
langsung hedonic value terhadap information sharing. Pada penelitian Paridon 2006
pendapatan memoderasi pengaruh hedonic value terhadap social self-confidence,
sedangkan dalam penelitian ini pendapatan sama sekali tidak menjadi variabel

moderator. Yang artinya antusiasme konsumen (mahasiswi) dalam mengejar nilainilai hedonis yang menganggap bahwa kegiatan berbelanja itu sesuatu yang

81

menggembirakan, belanja merupakan pelarian daripada kesibukan, dan juga
kenikmatan tersendiri pada saat berbelanja tanpa memperhitungkan nilai manfaat
lagi, sudah menjadi budaya daripada mahasiswi sekarang ini pada tingkatan
pendapatan berapapun. Selain itu penilaian orang lain terhadap kemampuan dirinya
(mahasiswi) dalam melakukan pembelian hanya memiliki pengaruh yang kecil
dalam proses berbagi informasi yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswi. Pengaruh langsung
dari luapan nilai hedonis lebih mendominasi motif mahasiswi dalam berbagi
informasi, jadi untuk menyebarkan informasi mahasiswi tidak lagi menunggu
dirinya merasa yakin terlebih dahulu atas keputusan maupun kemampuannya dalam
berbelanja tetapi langsung menceritakan pengalamannya tersebut kepada temannya.
2.

Ditinjau dari karakteristik pendapatan, ada perbedaan penilaian seseorang dalam
menilai utilitarian value dan personal shopping value. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa
konsumen pada tingkat pendapatan tertentu menilai berbeda tentang nilai manfaat
dalam belanja serta kepercayaan diri mereka secara personal.


3.

Ditinjau dari frekuensi belanja responden, ada perbedaan signifikan antara penilaian
responden terhadap hedonic value, utilitarian value, social self-confidence,
consumer self-confidence dan information sharing. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa
konsumen dengan frekuensi belanja tertentu menilai berbeda tentang kelima atribut
tersebut.

82

5.2 Implikasi Manajerial
Melalui kesimpulan tersebut, maka penulis mencoba untuk mengemukakan
beberapa implikasi manajerial yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini, di antaranya adalah
sebagai berikut:
1. Pengelola mall sebaiknya berupaya memberikan untuk memberikan stimulanstimulan yang menunjuk pada nilai hedonis konsumen. Hal ini dikarenakan kuatnya
orientasi hedonis seseorang membuat seseorang menceritakan secara langsung
pengalamannya tanpa lagi menungu dirinya merasa yakin. Hal ini sangat
menguntungkan bagi perusahaan dalam usahanya melakukan promosi secara cumacuma melaui word of mouth communication. WOM sangat penting bagi marketing
perusahaan dalam menciptakan profit, oleh sebab itu sebaiknya perusahaan tidak

hanya berfokus pada kualitas layanan fungsional, tetapi juga menyediakan
lingkungan berbelanja yang memasukkan unsur dari nilai-nilai hedonik.
2. Dalam usaha membangkitkan orientasi hedonis konsumen maka pihak pengelola
mall sebaiknya membuat program dimana konsumen dapat menikmati kegiatan
berbelanja yang dikaitkan dengan orientasi hedonis dengan cara mendesain suasana
mall semenarik dan seatraktif, misalnya:
a) Mendesain mall senyaman mungkin dengan pencahayaan yang bagus,
alunan musik yang tepat, aroma yang harum yang membuat seseorang pada

83

saat berbelanja benar-benar merasa bahagia dan rileks sehingga konsumen
dapat meraskan bahwa dengan berbelanja dapat terlepaskan dari kesibukan
sesehari.
b) Menyediakan layanan yang bersifat menghibur, misalnya live music dari
band-band yang sedang naik daun, perlombaan-perlombaan sesuai dengan
event yang tepat. Misalnya untuk hari natal diadakan lomba foto bersama
sinterklas, pada saat imlek di buat lomba foto dengan nuansa oriental dan
lain-lain.
c) Menyediakan kafe-kafe yang memiliki layanan hotspot yang di dukung

dengan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai.
d) Menayangkan siaran sepak bola pada saat ada liga-liga baik nasional
maupun internasional, sehingga pada saat kaum pria ingin melihat liga sepak
bola para wanita tetap bias berbelanja.
e) Penngelola mall sebaiknya sering menggelar promo-promo maupun diskon
secara besar-besaran karena hal tersebut dimungkinkan mampu mengundang
rasa penasaran konsumen untuk kemudian pergi ke mall.
5.3 Saran
Bagi peneliti selanjutnya disarankan untuk dapat mengganti subyek penelitian yang
lebih luas tidak terbatas hanya pada mahasiswi tetapi juga wanita yang sudah bekerja

84

ataupun ibu rumah tangga, atau dapat juga memasukkan variabel moderator yang lain
seperti jenis kelamin, usia dan lain-lain.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Arikunto, Suharsimi, 2002, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, Edisi
Revisi 5, Yogyakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Babin,B.J., Darden,W.R.,&Griffin,M.(1994). Work and/or Fun: Measuring hedonic

and utilitarian shopping value. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(4),.pp.644656
Bearden, William O., David M. Hardesty dan Randall L.Rose. (2001), “ Consumer
Self-Confidence: Refinements in Conceptualization and Measurement,”
Journal of Consumer Research, Vol 28, (Juni),.pp.121-134
Carpenter,M.J.,Moore.Marguerite.,Fairhurst.E.Ann.(2005) “Consumer shopping
value for retail brands”, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management,
Vol.9,No.1,.pp.43-53.
Cooper, Donald. R dan C, 1997, William Emory, Metode Penelitian Bisnis, Jilid I,
Edisi kelima, Jakarta: Erlangga.
Ennew T. Christine, 2000 “Managing word of mouth communication : empirical
evidence from India”, International Journal of Bank Marketing. pp. 75-83
Jaya Negara, Danes, 2002, “ The Relationship between Shopping Environment and
Shopping Behavior: An approach to structural equation model.” Sinrem I, 29
Juni :305.
Jogiyanto, 2004, Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis, Cetakan Pertama, Yogyakarta, BPFE
Paridon, J. Terrence, 2006 “The Income Effect in Personal Shopping Value,
Consumer Self-Confidence, and Information Sharing (Word of Mouth
Communication Sharing)”, Academy of Marketing Studies Journal;Vol
10,No2,pp.107-123
Paridon, J. Terrence, 2005 “Antacedents in Retail Information Sharing Research: The

Case for Personal Shopping Values and Consumer Self-Confidence”, Journal
of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, Vol.10, No.4,.pp.18-31.
Paridon, J. Terrence, 2006 “ Extending and Clarifying Causal Relationship in
Research Involving Personal Shopping Value, Consumer Self-Confidence,
and Word of Mouth Communication”, The Marketing Management Journal,
Vol.16, No.1,.pp.32-43

Supranto J. M.A, Metode Riset: Aplikasinya Dalam Pemasaran. Edisi lima, Lembaga
Penerbitan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia Jakarta, 1993.
Woodruf, R.B. 1997. “Customer value: the next source for competitive advantage”.,
Journal of the Academy fo Marketing Science”, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 139-153.
Zeithaml, V.A. 1988. “Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A MeansEnd Model and Synthesis of Evidence”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 52, July,
pp. 2-22.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_of_mouth#Word_of_mouth_marketing_.28WOM
M.29
http://core.ecu.edu/psyc/wuenschk/MV/MultReg/Moderator.doc .

LAMPIRAN

Responden yang terhormat, kuesioner ini dibuat untuk meneliti tentang nilai

berbelanja (personal shopping value). Berdasarkan pengalaman anda selama
berbelanja, anda diminta untuk mengisi pernyataan‐pernyataan berikut sesuai
penilaian yang sesuai dengan diri anda masing‐masing. Dalam survey ini tidak ada
jawaban yang benar atau salah, maka anda dipersilahkan memberi tanda silang (x)
pada kolom yang

sesuai dengan penilaian anda, informasi anda akan sangat

berguna bagi penelitian ini.
Keterangan: Sangat Tidak Setuju

(STS)

Tidak Setuju

(TS)

Netral

(N)


Setuju

(S)

Sangat Setuju

(SS)

Uang saku rata‐rata perbulan saya adalah sebesar:
[

]

Rp.500.000,00

[

] Rp.500.100,00 – Rp.600.000,00


[

] Rp.600.100,00 – Rp.700.000,00

[

] Rp.700.100,00 – Rp.800.000,00

[

] Rp.800.100,00 – Rp.900.000,00

[

] Rp.900.100,00 – Rp.1.000.000,00

[

]


Rp.1.000.100,00

Dalam sebulan saya berbelanja di mall sebanyak:
[

]

2 kali

[

] 3 – 5 kali

[

] 6 – 8 kali

[

] 9 – 11 kali


[

]

12 kali

Keterangan
Hedonic Value
1
Kegiatan berbelanja sungguh menggembirakan.
2
Kegiatan berbelanja benar‐benar terasa sebagai
pelarian diri dari kesibukan.
3
Saya merasa senang karena saya dapat
berbelanja pada saat‐saat yang tidak
terencana/tiba‐tiba.
4
Saya menikmati saat‐saat berbelanja saya, bukan
hanya karena barang‐barang yang saya beli.
Utilitarian Value
1
Kegiatan berbelanja adalah sesuatu yang
berguna/bermanfaat.
2
Saya merasa puas dengan barang yang saya beli.
3

Saat berbelanja, saya hanya membeli barang‐
barang yang saya inginkan sebelumnya.
4
Ketika berbelanja, saya hanya mencari barang‐
barang yang saya butuhkan
Social self‐ confidence
1

Saya membuat kagum orang‐orang dengan
pembelian‐pembelian yang saya lakukan.
2
Saya mendapat pujian dari orang lain atas
keputusan saya dalam melakukan pembelian.
3
Teman‐teman saya terkesan dengan kemampuan
saya dalam melakukan pembelian yang
memuaskan.
4
Tetangga‐tetangga saya mengagumi kemampuan
dekoratif saya.
Personal self‐ confidence
1
Saya rasanya tidak pernah membeli produk yang
tepat bagi diri saya sendiri.
2
Terlampau sering produk‐produk yang saya beli
tidak memuaskan.
3
Saya sering meragukan apakah saya telah
melakukan pilihan pembelian yang tepat.
4
Saya sering merasa ragu atas keputusan
pembelian yang saya buat.

STS

TS

N

S

SS

Information sharing
1
Ketika teman saya memberikan saran dalam
berbelanja yang dapat saya gunakan, saya
biasanya akan melakukannya.
2
Ketika saya membantu teman dengan
menceritakan pengalaman berbelanja saya, saya
merasa senang
3
Saya dan teman saya menikmati pembicaraan
mengenai mode dan fashion yang kami lihat pada
saat berbelanja.
4
Ketika saya dan teman saya menemukan kualitas
layanan yang baik di suatu toko, saya dan teman
saya saling memberitahukan pengalaman itu.

Oneway
Descriptives

N
personal_shopping

hedonik

utilitarian

consumer_confidence

personal_confidence

social_confidence

information_sharing

1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Total

63
60
11
1
1
136
63
60
11
1
1
136
63
60
11
1
1
136
63
60
11
1
1
136
63
60
11
1
1
136
63
60
11
1
1
136
63
60
11
1
1
136

Mean
3.5417
3.5938
3.1477
2.8750
3.5000
3.5276
3.4405
3.8208
3.3864
3.7500
5.0000
3.6176
3.6429
3.3667
2.9091
2.0000
2.0000
3.4375
2.9802
3.1417
3.2386
4.2500
4.6250
3.0938
3.3333
3.4083
3.3636
4.5000
4.5000
3.3860
2.6270
2.8750
3.1136
4.0000
4.7500
2.8015
3.5132
3.8833
3.4848
5.0000
4.0000
3.6887

Std. Deviation
.47941
.56356
.50255
.
.
.52917
.74827
.62621
.71906
.
.
.72004
.74286
1.03689
1.06813
.
.
.93973
.49095
.54290
.45912
.
.
.53958
.87529
.85118
.59544
.
.
.84539
.67929
.67883
.71031
.
.
.71694
.59214
.49413
.63881
.
.
.58823

Std. Error
.06040
.07276
.15152
.
.
.04538
.09427
.08084
.21680
.
.
.06174
.09359
.13386
.32205
.
.
.08058
.06185
.07009
.13843
.
.
.04627
.11028
.10989
.17953
.
.
.07249
.08558
.08764
.21417
.
.
.06148
.07460
.06379
.19261
.
.
.05044

95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
Lower Bound Upper Bound
3.4209
3.6624
3.4482
3.7393
2.8101
3.4853
.
.
.
.
3.4378
3.6173
3.2520
3.6289
3.6591
3.9826
2.9033
3.8694
.
.
.
.
3.4955
3.7398
3.4558
3.8299
3.0988
3.6345
2.1915
3.6267
.
.
.
.
3.2781
3.5969
2.8565
3.1038
3.0014
3.2819
2.9302
3.5471
.
.
.
.
3.0022
3.1853
3.1129
3.5538
3.1885
3.6282
2.9636
3.7637
.
.
.
.
3.2427
3.5294
2.4559
2.7981
2.6996
3.0504
2.6364
3.5908
.
.
.
.
2.6799
2.9231
3.3641
3.6624
3.7557
4.0110
3.0557
3.9140
.
.
.
.
3.5890
3.7885

Minimum
2.38
2.25
2.25
2.88
3.50
2.25
1.25
2.25
2.00
3.75
5.00
1.25
2.00
1.00
1.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
1.88
2.00
2.50
4.25
4.63
1.88
1.50
1.00
2.00
4.50
4.50
1.00
1.00
1.25
1.50
4.00
4.75
1.00
1.33
3.00
2.00
5.00
4.00
1.33

Maximum
4.75
4.88
3.75
2.88
3.50
4.88
5.00
5.00
4.75
3.75
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
2.00
2.00
5.00
3.88
4.50
4.00
4.25
4.63
4.63
5.00
5.00
4.00
4.50
4.50
5.00
3.75
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.75
4.75
4.67
4.67
4.33
5.00
4.00
5.00

ANOVA

personal_shopping

hedonik

utilitarian

consumer_confidence

personal_confidence

social_confidence

information_sharing

Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total

Sum of
Squares
2.289
35.514
37.803
6.971
63.021
69.993
10.162
109.057
119.219
4.863
34.441
39.305
2.692
93.791
96.483
8.548
60.842
69.390
6.486
40.225
46.712

df
4
131
135
4
131
135
4
131
135
4
131
135
4
131
135
4
131
135
4
131
135

Mean Square
.572
.271

F
2.111

Sig.
.083

1.743
.481

3.623

.008

2.541
.832

3.052

.019

1.216
.263

4.624

.002

.673
.716

.940

.443

2.137
.464

4.601

.002

1.622
.307

5.281

.001

Oneway
Descriptives

N
hedonik

utilitarian

social_confidence

personal_confidence

information_sharing

personal_shopping

consumer_confidence

5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
Total
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
Total
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
Total
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
Total
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
Total
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
Total
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10 00

18
28
15
14
14
24
23
136
18
28
15
14
14
24
23
136
18
28
15
14
14
24
23
136
18
28
15
14
14
24
23
136
18
28
15
14
14
24
23
136
18
28
15
14
14
24
23
136
18
28
15
14
14
24

Mean
3.7361
3.6071
3.4667
3.5000
3.7857
3.6667
3.5543
3.6176
3.1944
3.7321
3.6000
3.8571
3.6429
3.2708
2.9565
3.4375
2.7500
2.8929
2.7000
2.3750
3.0179
2.7813
2.9457
2.8015
3.3056
2.8929
3.5667
3.8214
3.3214
3.4167
3.6739
3.3860
3.6481
3.7381
3.4889
3.7619
3.7143
3.6111
3.8116
3.6887
3.4653
3.6696
3.5333
3.6786
3.7143
3.4688
3.2554
3.5276
3.0278
2.8929
3.1333
3.0982
3.1696
3 0990

Std. Deviation
.82903
.69198
.73719
.54596
.57893
.85232
.72283
.72004
.97225
.88696
.76064
.74495
.88641
1.07318
.87792
.93973
.70189
.60640
.59911
.88660
.55004
.79507
.77590
.71694
.80693
.79765
.45774
.79921
.89027
.78942
.96069
.84539
.63113
.48311
.72228
.47911
.55249
.57874
.68774
.58823
.50148
.48138
.42381
.38827
.40853
.68391
.54938
.52917
.56483
.53545
.33563
.43627
.56459
56383

Std. Error
.19540
.13077
.19034
.14592
.15473
.17398
.15072
.06174
.22916
.16762
.19640
.19910
.23690
.21906
.18306
.08058
.16544
.11460
.15469
.23695
.14700
.16229
.16179
.06148
.19020
.15074
.11819
.21360
.23793
.16114
.20032
.07249
.14876
.09130
.18649
.12805
.14766
.11814
.14340
.05044
.11820
.09097
.10943
.10377
.10918
.13960
.11455
.04538
.13313
.10119
.08666
.11660
.15089
11509

95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
Lower Bound Upper Bound
3.3238
4.1484
3.3388
3.8755
3.0584
3.8749
3.1848
3.8152
3.4514
4.1200
3.3068
4.0266
3.2418
3.8669
3.4955
3.7398
2.7110
3.6779
3.3882
4.0761
3.1788
4.0212
3.4270
4.2873
3.1311
4.1547
2.8177
3.7240
2.5769
3.3362
3.2781
3.5969
2.4010
3.0990
2.6577
3.1280
2.3682
3.0318
1.8631
2.8869
2.7003
3.3354
2.4455
3.1170
2.6101
3.2812
2.6799
2.9231
2.9043
3.7068
2.5836
3.2022
3.3132
3.8202
3.3600
4.2829
2.8074
3.8355
3.0833
3.7500
3.2585
4.0893
3.2427
3.5294
3.3343
3.9620
3.5508
3.9254
3.0889
3.8889
3.4853
4.0385
3.3953
4.0333
3.3667
3.8555
3.5142
4.1090
3.5890
3.7885
3.2159
3.7147
3.4830
3.8563
3.2986
3.7680
3.4544
3.9028
3.4784
3.9502
3.1800
3.7575
3.0179
3.4930
3.4378
3.6173
2.7469
3.3087
2.6852
3.1005
2.9475
3.3192
2.8463
3.3501
2.8437
3.4956
2 8609
3 3370

Minimum
2.25
2.00
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.00
1.25
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.75
1.75
1.00
2.25
1.25
1.00
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
2.50
1.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
3.00
2.67
2.00
3.00
2.67
2.33
1.33
1.33
2.38
2.50
3.00
3.13
2.75
2.25
2.25
2.25
2.00
1.88
2.63
2.50
2.00
2 13

Maximum
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.50
4.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.50
5.00
4.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.00
5.00
3.75
4.00
3.50
4.00
4.00
4.75
4.00
4.75
4.00
4.50
4.00
5.00
4.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.67
4.67
4.33
4.67
4.67
4.67
5.00
5.00
4.38
4.63
4.75
4.50
4.25
4.88
4.25
4.88
3.88
4.25
3.75
4.00
4.00
4 63

ANOVA

hedonik

utilitarian

social_confidence

personal_confidence

information_sharing

personal_shopping

consumer_confidence

Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total

Sum of
Squares
1.337
68.656
69.993
12.934
106.285
119.219
4.126
65.264
69.390
12.057
84.426
96.483
1.273
45.439
46.712
3.229
34.574
37.803
2.387
36.918
39.305

df
6
129
135
6
129
135
6
129
135
6
129
135
6
129
135
6
129
135
6
129
135

Mean Square
.223
.532

F
.419

Sig.
.866

2.156
.824

2.616

.020

.688
.506

1.359

.236

2.010
.654

3.071

.008

.212
.352

.602

.728

.538
.268

2.008

.069

.398
.286

1.390

.223

T-Test
One-Sample Statistics
N
hedonik
utilitarian
social_confidence
personal_confidence
information_sharing
personal_shopping
consumer_confidence

136
136
136
136
136
136
136

Mean
3.6176
3.4375
2.8015
3.3860
3.6887
3.5276
3.0938

Std. Deviation
.72004
.93973
.71694
.84539
.58823
.52917
.53958

Std. Error
Mean
.06174
.08058
.06148
.07249
.05044
.04538
.04627

One-Sample Test
Test Value = 3.41

t
3.363
.341
-9.899
-.331
5.526
2.591
-6.835

hedonik
utilitarian
social_confidence
personal_confidence
information_sharing
personal_shopping
consumer_confidence

df
135
135
135
135
135
135
135

95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower
Upper
.0855
.3298
-.1319
.1869
-.7301
-.4869
-.1673
.1194
.1790
.3785
.0278
.2073
-.4078
-.2247

Mean
Difference
.20765
.02750
-.60853
-.02397
.27873
.11757
-.31625

Sig. (2-tailed)
.001
.733
.000
.741
.000
.011
.000

Crosstabs
Case Processing Summary

Valid
N
frekuensi * pendapatan

136

Percent
100.0%

Cases
Missing
N
Percent
0
.0%

Total
N

Percent
100.0%

136

frekuensi * pendapatan Crosstabulation
Count
5.00
frekuensi

Total

1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00

6.00
12
6
0
0
0
18

7.00
15
11
2
0
0
28

8
6
1
0
0
15

pendapatan
8.00
8
5
1
0
0
14

9.00

10.00
4
10
0
0
0
14

9
11
3
0
1
24

11.00
7
11
4
1
0
23

Total
63
60
11
1
1
136

Chi-Square Tests

Pearson Chi-Square
Likelihood Ratio
Linear-by-Linear
Association
N of Valid Cases

Value
23.697a
22.836
10.623

24
24

Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
.479
.530

1

.001

df

136

a. 21 cells (60.0%) have expected count less than 5. The
minimum expected count is .10.

Regression (Personal shopping value Æ Information sharing)
Variables Entered/Removedb
Model
1

Variables
Entered
personal_a
shopping

Variables
Removed

Method
.

Enter

a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.187a
.035

Adjusted
R Square
.028

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.57996

a. Predictors: (Constant), personal_shopping

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
1.641
45.071
46.712

df
1
134
135

Mean Square
1.641
.336

F
4.878

Sig.
.029a

a. Predictors: (Constant), personal_shopping
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
personal_shopping

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.954
.336
.208
.094

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.187

t
8.780
2.209

Sig.
.000
.029

Regression (Personal shopping value Æ consumer self confidence)
Variables Entered/Removedb
Model
1

Variables
Entered
personal_a
shopping

Variables
Removed

Method
.

Enter

a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: consumer_confidence
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.024a
.001

Adjusted
R Square
-.007

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.54144

a. Predictors: (Constant), personal_shopping

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
.022
39.283
39.305

df
1
134
135

Mean Square
.022
.293

F
.075

Sig.
.784a

a. Predictors: (Constant), personal_shopping
b. Dependent Variable: consumer_confidence

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
personal_shopping

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
3.008
.314
.024
.088

a. Dependent Variable: consumer_confidence

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.024

t
9.578
.275

Sig.
.000
.784

Regression (Personal shopping value + consumer self confidence Æ Information
sharing)
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

consumer
_confidenc
e

.

personal_
shopping

.

2

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1
2

R
R Square
.274a
.075
.329b
.108

Adjusted
R Square
.068
.095

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.56774
.55969

a. Predictors: (Constant), consumer_confidence
b. Predictors: (Constant), consumer_confidence,
personal_shopping

ANOVAc
Model
1

2

Regression
Residual
Total
Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
3.519
43.193
46.712
5.048
41.663
46.712

df
1
134
135
2
133
135

Mean Square
3.519
.322

F
10.917

Sig.
.001a

2.524
.313

8.058

.000b

a. Predictors: (Constant), consumer_confidence
b. Predictors: (Constant), consumer_confidence, personal_shopping
c. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Coefficientsa

Model
1
2

(Constant)
consumer_confidence
(Constant)
consumer_confidence
personal_shopping

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.763
.284
.299
.091
2.068
.421
.295
.089
.201
.091

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.274
.270
.181

t
9.717
3.304
4.907
3.298
2.210

Sig.
.000
.001
.000
.001
.029

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

personal_shopping

Beta In
.181a

t
2.210

Sig.
.029

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), consumer_confidence
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Partial
Correlation
.188

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.999

Regression (Hedonik + utilitarian Æ Information Sharing)
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

R
.409a

R Square
.167

Adjusted
R Square
.161

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.53873

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
7.821
38.890
46.712

df
1
134
135

Mean Square
7.821
.290

F
26.948

Sig.
.000a

t
10.440
5.191

Sig.
.000
.000

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.479
.237
.334
.064

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.409

Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

utilitarian

Beta In
-.018a

t
-.224

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Sig.
.823

Partial
Correlation
-.019

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.957

Regression (Hedonik + Utilitarian Æ Consumer Self-Confidence)
Variables Entered/Removedb
Model
1

Variables
Entered
utilitarian,
a
hedonik

Variables
Removed

Method
.

Enter

a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: consumer_confidence
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.106a
.011

Adjusted
R Square
-.004

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.54053

a. Predictors: (Constant), utilitarian, hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
.445
38.859
39.305

df
2
133
135

Mean Square
.223
.292

F
.762

Sig.
.469a

t
8.866
1.081
-.358

Sig.
.000
.281
.721

a. Predictors: (Constant), utilitarian, hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: consumer_confidence
Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik
utilitarian

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.898
.327
.071
.066
-.018
.051

a. Dependent Variable: consumer_confidence

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.095
-.032

Regression (Hedonic Value + Utilitarian Value + Consumer Confidence Æ
Information Sharing)
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

.

consumer
_confidenc
e

.

2

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1
2

R
.409a
.471b

R Square
.167
.222

Adjusted
R Square
.161
.210

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.53873
.52267

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik, consumer_confidence

ANOVAc
Model
1

2

Regression
Residual
Total
Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
7.821
38.890
46.712
10.379
36.333
46.712

df
1
134
135
2
133
135

Mean Square
7.821
.290

F
26.948

Sig.
.000a

5.189
.273

18.996

.000b

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik, consumer_confidence
c. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Coefficientsa

Model
1
2

(Constant)
hedonik
(Constant)
hedonik
consumer_confidence

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.479
.237
.334
.064
1.757
.330
.315
.063
.256
.084

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.409
.385
.235

t
10.440
5.191
5.325
5.011
3.060

Sig.
.000
.000
.000
.000
.003

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Excluded Variablesc

Model
1
2

utilitarian
consumer_confidence
utilitarian

Beta In
-.018a
.235a
-.011b

t
-.224
3.060
-.137

Sig.
.823
.003
.892

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik, consumer_confidence
c. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Partial
Correlation
-.019
.256
-.012

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.957
.990
.956

Regression (Hedonic Value + Uitilitarian Value Æ Personal Confidence)
Variables Entered/Removedb
Model
1

Variables
Entered
utilitarian,
a
hedonik

Variables
Removed

Method
.

Enter

a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: personal_confidence
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.034a
.001

Adjusted
R Square
-.014

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.85123

a. Predictors: (Constant), utilitarian, hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
.114
96.370
96.483

df
2
133
135

Mean Square
.057
.725

F
.078

Sig.
.925a

t
6.956
-.267
-.342

Sig.
.000
.790
.733

a. Predictors: (Constant), utilitarian, hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: personal_confidence
Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik
utilitarian

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
3.580
.515
-.028
.104
-.027
.080

a. Dependent Variable: personal_confidence

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
-.024
-.030

Regression (Hedonic Value + Utilitarian Value + Personal Self-ConfidenceÆ
Information Sharing)
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.409a
.167

Adjusted
R Square
.161

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.53873

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
7.821
38.890
46.712

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Mean Square
7.821
.290

F
26.948

Sig.
.000a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.479
.237
.334
.064

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.409

t
10.440
5.191

Sig.
.000
.000

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

utilitarian
personal_confidence

Beta In
-.018a
.054a

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

t
-.224
.689

Sig.
.823
.492

Partial
Correlation
-.019
.060

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.957
1.000

Regression (Hedonik Value + Utilitarian Value Æ Social Self-Confidence)
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: social_confidence
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.174a
.030

Adjusted
R Square
.023

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.70865

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
2.097
67.293
69.390

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: social_confidence

Mean Square
2.097
.502

F
4.175

Sig.
.043a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.175
.312
.173
.085

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.174

t
6.963
2.043

Sig.
.000
.043

a. Dependent Variable: social_confidence
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

utilitarian

Beta In
-.012a

t
-.135

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: social_confidence

Sig.
.893

Partial
Correlation
-.012

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.957

Regression (Hedonic Value + Utilitarian Value + Social Self Confidence Æ
Information Sharing)
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

.

social_
confidence

.

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

2

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1
2

R
R Square
.409a
.167
b
.502
.252

Adjusted
R Square
.161
.241

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.53873
.51258

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik, social_confidence

ANOVAc
Model
1

2

Regression
Residual
Total
Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
7.821
38.890
46.712
11.768
34.944
46.712

df
1
134
135
2
133
135

Mean Square
7.821
.290

F
26.948

Sig.
.000a

5.884
.263

22.394

.000b

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik, social_confidence
c. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Coefficientsa

Model
1
2

(Constant)
hedonik
(Constant)
hedonik
social_confidence

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.479
.237
.334
.064
1.953
.264
.292
.062
.242
.062

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.409
.358
.295

t
10.440
5.191
7.405
4.699
3.876

Sig.
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Excluded Variablesc

Model
1
2

utilitarian
social_confidence
utilitarian

Beta In
-.018a
.295a
-.015b

t
-.224
3.876
-.190

Sig.
.823
.000
.849

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik, social_confidence
c. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Partial
Correlation
-.019
.319
-.017

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.957
.970
.957

Regression moderasi hedonik+ pendapatan--> information sharing
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.409a
.167

Adjusted
R Square
.161

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.53873

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
7.821
38.890
46.712

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Mean Square
7.821
.290

F
26.948

Sig.
.000a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.479
.237
.334
.064

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.409

t
10.440
5.191

Sig.
.000
.000

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

pendapatan

Beta In
.051a

t
.648

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Sig.
.518

Partial
Correlation
.056

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
1.000

Regression moderasi hedonik+pendapatan+hedonik*pendapatan--> information
sharing
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.409a
.167

Adjusted
R Square
.161

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.53873

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
7.821
38.890
46.712

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Mean Square
7.821
.290

F
26.948

Sig.
.000a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.479
.237
.334
.064

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.409

t
10.440
5.191

Sig.
.000
.000

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

pendapatan
hedonik_pendapatan

Beta In
.051a
.089a

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

t
.648
.910

Sig.
.518
.364

Partial
Correlation
.056
.079

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
1.000
.657

Regression moderasi hedonik + pendapatan--> social confidence
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: social_confidence
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.174a
.030

Adjusted
R Square
.023

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.70865

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
2.097
67.293
69.390

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: social_confidence

Mean Square
2.097
.502

F
4.175

Sig.
.043a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.175
.312
.173
.085

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.174

t
6.963
2.043

Sig.
.000
.043

a. Dependent Variable: social_confidence
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

pendapatan

Beta In
.057a

t
.672

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: social_confidence

Sig.
.503

Partial
Correlation
.058

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
1.000

Regression moderasi hedonik+ pendapatan+ hedonic*pendapatan--> social
confidence

Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

hedonik

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

.

a. Dependent Variable: social_confidence
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.174a
.030

Adjusted
R Square
.023

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.70865

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
2.097
67.293
69.390

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: social_confidence

Mean Square
2.097
.502

F
4.175

Sig.
.043a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
hedonik

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.175
.312
.173
.085

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.174

t
6.963
2.043

Sig.
.000
.043

a. Dependent Variable: social_confidence
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

pendapatan
hedonik_pendapatan

Beta In
.057a
.103a

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), hedonik
b. Dependent Variable: social_confidence

t
.672
.980

Sig.
.503
.329

Partial
Correlation
.058
.085

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
1.000
.657

Regression moderasi social confidence+ pendapatan--> information sharing
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

social_
confidence

.

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

Adjusted
R Square
.121

R
R Square
.357a
.128

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.55143

a. Predictors: (Constant), social_confidence

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
5.965
40.746
46.712

df
1
134
135

Mean Square
5.965
.304

F
19.618

Sig.
.000a

a. Predictors: (Constant), social_confidence
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
social_confidence

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.867
.191
.293
.066

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.357

t
14.982
4.429

Sig.
.000
.000

Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

pendapatan

Beta In
.025a

t
.313

Sig.
.755

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), social_confidence
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Partial
Correlation
.027

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.997

Regression moderasi social confidence+ pendapatan+ social*pendapatan-->
information sharing
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model
1

Variables
Entered

Variables
Removed

social_
confidence

.

Method
Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-ofF-to-enter
= .
100).

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Model Summary
Model
1

R
R Square
.357a
.128

Adjusted
R Square
.121

Std. Error of
the Estimate
.55143

a. Predictors: (Constant), social_confidence

ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
5.965
40.746
46.712

df
1
134
135

a. Predictors: (Constant), social_confidence
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Mean Square
5.965
.304

F
19.618

Sig.
.000a

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
social_confidence

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
2.867
.191
.293
.066

Standardized
Coefficients
Beta
.357

t
14.982
4.429

Sig.
.000
.000

a. Dependent Variable: information_sharing
Excluded Variablesb

Model
1

pendapatan
social_pendapatan

Beta In
.025a
.022a

t
.313
.189

a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), social_confidence
b. Dependent Variable: information_sharing

Sig.
.755
.850

Partial
Correlation
.027
.016

Collinearity
Statistics
Tolerance
.997
.491

Reliability
Warnings
The space saver method is used. That is, the covariance matrix is not calculated or
used in the analysis.
Case Processing Summary
N
Cases

Valid
Excludeda
Total

136
0
136

%
100.0
.0
100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all
variables in the procedure.
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha
.687

N of Items
4
Item-Total Statistics

VAR00001
VAR00002
VAR00003
VAR00004

Scale Mean if
Item Deleted
10.4191
11.0956
11.2279
10.6691

Scale
Variance if
Item Deleted
5.282
4.576
5.096
5.660

Corrected
Item-Total
Correlation
.571
.467
.461
.411

Cronbach's
Alpha if Item
Deleted
.569
.632
.627
.657

Reliability
Warnings
The space saver method is used. That is, the covariance matrix is not calculated or
used in the analysis.
Case Processing Summary
N
Cases

Valid
Excludeda
Total

136
0
136

%
100.0
.0
100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all
variables in the procedure.
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha
.797

N of Items
2
Item-Total Statistics

VAR00007
VAR00008

Scale Mean if
Item Deleted
3.4485
3.4265

Scale
Variance if
Item Deleted
1.034
1.091

Corrected
Item-Total
Correlation
.662
.662

Cronbach's
Alpha if Item
Deleted
.a
.a

a. The value is negative due to a negative average covariance among
items. This violates reliability model assumptions. You may want to
check item codings.

Reliability
Warnings
The space saver method is used. That is, the covariance matrix is not calculated or
used in the analysis.
Case Processing Summary
N
Cases

Valid
Excludeda
Total

136
0
136

%
100.0
.0
100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all
variables in the procedure.
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha
.850

N of Items
4
Item-Total Statistics

VAR00009
VAR00010
VAR00011
VAR00012

Scale Mean if
Item Deleted
8.5294
8.3015
8.3603
8.4265

Scale
Variance if
Item Deleted
4.592
4.775
4.869
5.195

Corrected
Item-Total
Correlation
.719
.689
.723
.627

Cronbach's
Alpha if Item
Deleted
.796
.809
.795
.834

Reliability
Warnings
The space saver method is used. That is, the covariance matrix is not calculated or
used in the analysis.
Case Processing Summary
N
Cases

Valid
Excludeda
Total

136
0
136

%
100.0
.0
100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all
variables in the procedure.
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha
.817

N of Items
2
Item-Total Statistics

VAR00015
VAR00016

Scale Mean if
Item Deleted
3.3676
3.4044

Scale
Variance if
Item Deleted
.871
.820

Corrected
Item-Total
Correlation
.690
.690

Cronbach's
Alpha if Item
Deleted
.a
.a

a. The value is negative due to a negative average covariance among
items. This violates reliability model assumptions. You may want to
check item codings.

Reliability
Warnings
The space saver method is used. That is, the covariance matrix is not calculated or
used in the analysis.
Case Processing Summary
N
Cases

Valid
Excludeda
Total

136
0
136

%
100.0
.0
100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all
variables in the procedure.
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha
.688

N of Items
3
Item-Total Statistics

VAR00018
VAR00019
VAR00020

Scale Mean if
Item Deleted
7.5956
7.4191
7.1176

Scale
Variance if
Item Deleted
1.769
1.445
1.586

Corrected
Item-Total
Correlation
.493
.559
.465

Cronbach's
Alpha if Item
Deleted
.612
.519
.646