iv
4. Rules and guidelines for mortality and morbidity coding 31
4.1 Mortality: guidelines for certiication and rules for coding 31
4.1.1 Causes of death
31 4.1.2
Underlying cause of death 31
4.1.3 International form of medical certiicate
of cause of death 32
4.1.4 Procedures for selection of the underlying
cause of death for mortality tabulation 34
4.1.5 Rules for selection of the originating antecedent cause
34 4.1.6
Some considerations on selection rules 35
4.1.7 Examples of the General Principle and selection rules
36 4.1.8
Modiication of the selected cause 45
4.1.9 The modiication rules
46 4.1.10 Examples of the modiication rules
47 4.1.11
Notes for use in underlying cause mortality coding 53
4.1.12 Summary of linkages by code number 71
4.2 Notes for interpretation of entries of causes of death 78
4.2.1 Assumption of intervening cause
78 4.2.2
Accepted and rejected sequences for the selection of underlying cause of death for mortality statistics
78 4.2.3
Effect of duration on classiication 84
4.2.4 Sequelae
85 4.2.5
Consistency between sex of patient and diagnosis 86
4.2.6 Operations
86 4.2.7
Malignant neoplasms 87
4.2.8 Involvement of multiple types of substance use
109 4.2.9
Rheumatic fever with heart involvement 109
4.2.10 Congenital malformations, deformations
and chromosomal abnormalities 110
4.2.11 Nature of injury
110 4.2.12
Poisoning by drugs, medicaments and biological substances
111 4.2.13 External causes
113 4.2.14 Expressions indicating doubtful diagnosis
114 4.2.15 Human immunodeiciency virus HIV
114 4.2.16 Death due to maternal obstetric causes
114 4.2.17 List of conditions that can cause diabetes
115
4.3 Perinatal mortality: guidelines for certiication
and rules for coding 115
4.3.1 Certiication of perinatal deaths
115 4.3.2
Statement of causes of death 116
4.3.3 Tabulation of perinatal mortality by cause
119 4.3.4
Coding of causes of death 119
4.3.5 Coding rules
120
v 4.4 Morbidity
122
4.4.1 Guidelines for recording diagnostic
information for single-condition analysis of morbidity data
123 4.4.2
Guidelines for coding “main condition” and “other conditions”
125 4.4.3
Rules for reselection when the main condition is incorrectly recorded
131 4.4.4
Chapter-speciic notes 137
5. Statistical presentation 147
