Time and Location Data Source

22

3.3 Required Tools

Several hardware and software used during this research project such are personal computer and printer, image processing software ENVI version 4.7, MODIS Tool, Grads version 2.0, geographic information system software Arc Map version 9.2 and office application software Microsoft Office 2007 also hand held GPS Garmin.

3.4 Methodology

3.4.1. Determine of Study Area

Study area of this research is Sumatera terrestrial. Sumatra also spelled Sumatera is an island in western Indonesia. Sumatera is the 5 th highest island in the worlds island, and the third highest in the Indonesian archipelago at 473,481 km² with a population of 50,365,538. The longest axis of the island runs approximately 1,790 km 1,110 mil northwest –southeast, crossing the equator near the center. At its widest point the island spans 435 km 270 miles and administration of Sumatra terrains divided into ten provinces Wikipedia, 2010. The interior of the island is dominated by two geographical regions: the Barisan Mountains in the west and swampy plains in the east. Most of Sumatra used to be covered by tropical rainforest, but economic development coupled with corruption and illegal logging has severely threatened its existence. Conservation areas have not been spared from destruction.

3.4.2. Data Collecting

Remote sensing data of research study are used Terra MODIS satellite imagery data combining with meteorological data. Time series data used acquired data from 2001 up to 2009. The acquisition of MODIS data are downloaded with free of charge from specific website. One requirement specification to make MODIS data available is the availability of high speed internet connection to download the MODIS data. 23 Sumatra terrene has wide areas and cannot cover only by one single image of MODIS data. In this case, the MODIS datasets are provided to user in a tile fashion, each tile covers approximately by 10 latitude and 10 longitudes and to cover the whole of Sumatra terrene its need four tiles of MODIS datasets. The total of MODIS datasets in this study are used 432 of MODIS EVI enhanced vegetation index and 1640 of MODIS FPAR. Climatic data derived from monthly meteorological observations January 2001 –December 2009 from NCEPDOE 2 Reanalysis data was provided by the NOAAOARESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http:www.esrl.noaa.govpsd . There are two kinds of data were used from this source, which are monthly temperature and monthly precipitation. Monthly minimum and maximum temperature from this source were using a state-of-the-art analysisforecast system to perform data assimilation data from 1979 to near the present. Temperature data were provided for global gridded with spatial coverage of 1.875-degree latitude x 1.875-degree longitude global grid of monthly anomalies of observed air temperature and combined observed air and marine temperature. Monthly estimates of precipitation were obtained by monthly and global gridded with spatial coverage of 1.875-degree latitude x 1.875-degree longitude precipitation means. This data set consists of monthly averaged precipitation rate values mmday. Global monthly precipitation analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs. It includes a standard and enhanced version with NCEP Reanalysis from 1979 to near the present. Climatic data were provided in the UniData NetCDF network Common Data Form format. NetCDF is an interface for array-oriented data access and a library that provides an implementation of the interface. The NetCDF library also defines a machine-independent format for representing scientific data. Together, the interface, library, and format support the creation, access, and sharing of scientific data.