Equations of the Form æ

4.4.2. Equations of the Form æ

This equation describes vibration of a circular membrane in a resisting medium with velocity- ö proportional resistance coefficient.

1 ÷ . Domain: 0 ≤ ø ≤ ù . First boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= û ( ø ) at ü =0

(initial condition),

= ÿ ( ø ) at ü =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). Solution:

cos( ✡ ✝ ü )+ ☛ ✝ sin( ✡ ✝ ü ) ☞ ✌ 0 ✍ ✎

Here,

where the ö

are positive zeros of the Bessel function, ✌ 0 ( ) = 0.

. For the solution of the second and third boundary value problems, see equation 4.4.2.2 (Items 3 ÷

✖✠✗ and 4 with = 0).

Reference : B. M. Budak, A. A. Samarskii, and A. N. Tikhonov (1980). 2 ✙

. The substitution ✧ ( ★ , ü ) = exp − 2 ✂ ü ✄✪✩ ( ★ , ✫ ) leads to the equation

( , ), which is discussed in Subsection 4.2.5. ✣

+ exp 2 ✂

2 ✦ . Domain: 0 ≤ ★ ≤ ✭ . First boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ✮ ✰ 0 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). Solution:

where the ✝ are positive zeros of the Bessel function, ✌ 0 ( ) = 0. The numerical values of the first

ten ✎ are specified in Paragraph 1.2.1-3.

3 ✦ . Domain: 0 ≤ ★ ≤ ✭ . Second boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ✮ 0 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). Solution:

; the ✝ are positive zeros of the first-order Bessel function, ✎ 1 ( ) = 0. The numerical values of the first ten roots ✝ are specified in Paragraph 1.2.1-4.

. Domain: 0 ≤ ★ ≤ ✭ . Third boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ✮ 0 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). The solution ✧ ( ★ , ✫ ) is given by the formula in Item 3 ✦ with

are positive roots of the transcendental equation

The numerical values of the first six roots ✝ can be found in Abramowitz and Stegun (1964) and Carslaw and Jaeger (1984). ✎

. The substitution ✧ ( ★ , ✫ ) = exp ✺ 1 − 2 ✴ ✫☎✻ ✩ ( ★ , ✫ ) leads to the equation

which is discussed in Subsection 4.2.6.

2 ✦ . Domain: 0 ≤ ★ ≤ ✭ . First boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ✮ 0 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). Solution:

3 ✦ . Domain: 0 ≤ ★ ≤ ✭ . Second boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ✮ 0 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ★ ) at ✫ =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). Solution:

sin ✍ ✎ sin ✺✽✫✵❆ ✡ ✝ ✻✪✸

are positive roots of the transcendental equation

tan ✎ − = 0. The numerical values of the first five roots ✝ are specified in Paragraph 1.2.1-5.

. Domain: 0 ≤ ★ ≤ ✭ . Third boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ✮ 0 ( ★ ) at ✯ ✫ ✰ =0

(initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ★ ) at ✯ ✫ ❀ =0

(initial condition),

(boundary condition). The solution ✧ ( ★ , ✫ ) is given by the formula in Item 3 ✦ with

− 4 ✴ and the ✝ are positive roots of the transcendental equation cot +

− 1 = 0. The numerical values of the first six roots ✎ can be found in Carslaw and Jaeger (1984).

1 1 ✣ ✦ . The substitution ✧ ( ★ , ✫ ) = exp ✺ −

2 ✴ ✫☎✻ ✩ ( ★ , ✫ ) leads to an equation of the form 4.3.1.2:

. Domain: 0 ≤ ≤ ❉ . First boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

= ( ❈ ) at

=0 (initial condition),

= ✮ 1 ( ) at ✫ ❈ =0 (initial condition),

at ❈ = ❉

(boundary condition),

=0 (boundedness condition). Solution:

sin P✽✫✿◗ ❍ ✳ ❘

+ ❯ − 4 ✴ ; the ❑ are positive zeros of the Bessel function, 0 ( ❑ ) = 0.

. Domain: 0 ≤ ≤ ❉ . Second boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

0 ( ) at ✫ =0 (initial condition),

1 ( ) at ✫ =0 (initial condition),

at ❈ = ❉

(boundary condition),

=0 (boundedness condition). Solution:

sin P✽✫✿◗ ❘

are positive zeros of the first-order Bessel function, 1 ( ✐ ) = 0. The numerical values of the first ten roots ✐

; the ✐

are specified in Paragraph 1.2.1-5.

. Domain: 0 ≤ ≤ ❉ . Third boundary value problem. The following conditions are prescribed:

0 ( ) at ✫ =0 (initial condition),

1 ( ) at ✫ =0 (initial condition),

= ❈ ❉ (boundary condition).

at

The solution ❙ ( , ✫ ) is given by the formula in Item 3 ❣

with ❣ ▼

sin P✽✫✿◗ ✳ ❘

+ ❯ − 4 ✴ , and the ✐ are positive roots of the transcendental equation

The numerical values of the first six roots ✐ can be found in Abramowitz and Stegun (1964) and Carslaw and Jaeger (1984).

+ ♦ s ♣ q –1 ❦

The substitution ❦

leads to a constant coefficient equation of the form 4.4.1.2: