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A novel is a story of someone’s life which tells about the life of the character and society in a particular time and sometimes reflects the real life of
that time. In addition, according to Knickerbrockers 1996:103 novel is generally thought to contain about forty five thousand words or more.
2.2.4 The Concept of Character
Characters are figures who participate in the action or the people who play roles in a story and it is expected to be natural and life like Kenney, 1966:24.
According to Muir 1979:23, characters are people or actors of the stories that are represented by the authors in such fictional works as drama, short story or novel.
In addition, Kenney 1966:33 said that character has three dimensions such as the physiological, psychological, and sociological dimensions. Characters also mean
the essential nature and values of an individual figure, or the substance of human personality
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2000:201
2.2.5 The Concept of Characterization
Characterization is a crucial part of making a story compelling. In order to interest and move readers, characters need to seem real. Good characterization
gives readers a strong sense of character’s personalities and complexities; it makes characters vivid, alive and believable.
Characte rization is the author’s way to appear the character and how the
character is presented. Characterization relates with the method by which an author creates the appearance and personality of imaginary people and reveals
their characters Morner and Rausch, 1998:33-34.
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2.2.6 The Concept of Plot
The plot reveals events to readers not only in their temporal, but also as intricate pattern of cause and effect. The plot reveals events to readers not only in
their temporal, but also in their causal relationship Kenney, 1966:13.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
Literary theory is body of ideas and methods that used in the practical reading of literature. Literary theory is a description of the underlying principles
which we attempt to understand literature. The main theory that was used in this study is theory taken from Rene
Wellek and Austin Warren 1966:12 literature defined only to “Great Books”, which are the books of whatever subjects notable for literary form expression.
Literature must always be interesting; it must always have structure and an aesthetic purpose, a total coherence and effect. And also stand in recognizable
relation to life. We have to know the knowledge independence of literature in order to know the relation of specific work to life Wellek and Warren, 1966:219.
1.3.1 Character
Character is the mental and moral qualities that make person, group, different from other Kenney, 1966:33. Basic elements of fictions are setting,
plot, point of view, style and tone, theme and character. Characters are expected to be natural and life like. Character is a patterned behaviors, thoughts and feelings
based on universal principles, moral strength and integrity, which the reader and audience understand their thoughts, feelings intentions and motives.
