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2.2.6 The Concept of Plot
The plot reveals events to readers not only in their temporal, but also as intricate pattern of cause and effect. The plot reveals events to readers not only in
their temporal, but also in their causal relationship Kenney, 1966:13.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
Literary theory is body of ideas and methods that used in the practical reading of literature. Literary theory is a description of the underlying principles
which we attempt to understand literature. The main theory that was used in this study is theory taken from Rene
Wellek and Austin Warren 1966:12 literature defined only to “Great Books”, which are the books of whatever subjects notable for literary form expression.
Literature must always be interesting; it must always have structure and an aesthetic purpose, a total coherence and effect. And also stand in recognizable
relation to life. We have to know the knowledge independence of literature in order to know the relation of specific work to life Wellek and Warren, 1966:219.
1.3.1 Character
Character is the mental and moral qualities that make person, group, different from other Kenney, 1966:33. Basic elements of fictions are setting,
plot, point of view, style and tone, theme and character. Characters are expected to be natural and life like. Character is a patterned behaviors, thoughts and feelings
based on universal principles, moral strength and integrity, which the reader and audience understand their thoughts, feelings intentions and motives.
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Human being is free, but the fictional character will never entirely free since it is part of an artistic whole and must always serve the needs of whole
Kenney, 1966:30. According to the function of the role of the characters in fictions, characters could be divided into main character, secondary character,
complementary or supporting character. Characterization can be seen in terms of three dimensions of the character which include physiological, psychological, and
sociological aspect.
2.3.1.1 Physiological aspect
This aspect can help to describe the physical appearance of the character in the story such as age, body build, eye color, strength, skin color, and size.
Physiology is study of human body stated in Fundamental of Physiology 1957 by Elbert Tokay. All criteria have no value in determining the personality of
individual but it may have an indirect effect on the development of individuals personality.
2.3.1.2 Psychological aspect
The reader may be directly told about how a character thinks and feels based on what the character does. It deals with the personal qualities of a character
and observes the behavior and activities of character as human being. Psychology is interested in all human activity, but cannot be used because they are
unacceptable. Psychology is a science that studies actual events in a specific way
Bernhart, 1953:3. The word psychology has been related with all kind of occult
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