9. Concluding the result to answer the research problem.
3.2 Area Determination Method
Area determination method is a method used to determine area or place where the research will be conducted. This research used purposive
method. According to Frankel and Wallen 2009:99, purposive method uses personal judgment in choosing the research area, to select a sample based on
previous knowledge of a population and the specific purpose of the research. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Siliragung which was
determined purposively under the consideration that the researcher wanted to know whether or not there was a significant effect of using clustering technique
on the eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Siliragung Banyuwangi in the 20152016 academic year. If the researcher found that there was a significant
effect of using clustering in teaching writing, researcher hoped this technique would be very useful for teaching writing. The English teacher, researcher
could also implement clustering for teaching writing, as writing became the important skill to master by the students. Therefore, the purpose of this research
was to investigate whether or not there was a significant effect of using this technique to teach recount text writing.
3.3 Respondent Determination Methods
Mc Millan 1992:69 defined respondent as a group of elements, whether individual, objects, or events that clarify to specific criteria and to
which intended to generalize the result of the research. The subjects were the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Siliragung in the 20152016 academic
year. There were nine classes of the eighth grade A-I. The total number of the eighth grade students was 321 students. The distribution of the students can be
seen in the following table:
Table 3.2 The Data of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1 Siliragung in the 20152016 Academic Year
No. Class
Male Female
Total 1
VIII A 10
26 36
2 VIII B
10 26
36 3
VIII C 18
18 36
4 VIII D
18 18
36 5
VIII E 16
20 36
6 VIII F
16 20
36 7
VIII G 16
20 36
8 VIII H
15 19
34 9
VIII I 16
19 35
Total 135
186 321
Source: SMP Negeri 1 Siliragung Document Referring to the research design, two classes were taken as the
samples; one class as the experimental group and another as the control group. The total number of students in each class was approximately 36 students.
Cluster random sampling was used to determine the respondent. According to Lodico et al 2006: 145, cluster random sampling selection is a procedure to
randomly select the entire groups, not the individuals. Before choosing sample, it was important to know the homogeneity of the classes. Therefore, the
researcher analyzed the eighth grade st udents’ final scores in the seventh grade
obtained from the English teachers’ documents. The researcher calculated the students’ scores to find the mean score among 8 classes. After that, the mean
scored of the classes was used to determine the homogeneity of the population. If the classes were homogeneous, two classes were taken by lottery. However,
if the classes were proven to be heterogeneous, the researcher took two classes with the closest mean difference.
3.4 Operational Definition of the Key Terms
Kategori