INTRODUCTION Mas Rusdi ‘ELTI’ you must choose one between two, Mas Andri and

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Research Background As a social creature, man needs to communicate with other people. To fulfill this needs, man uses language as a means of communication. Language, as a means of communication, functions to express or to get some information, knowledge, and to pass messages. Beside face-to-face communication, people can communicate easily and quickly through mass communication. Emery 1970 in Introduction to Mass Communication states “Mass communication is delivering informations, ideas, and attitudes to a sizeable and diversified audience through the use of the media developed for that purpose”. Media used in mass communication is called mass media. Through mass media, messages can be circulated efficiently to the communicants. As defined by Effendy that mass media is media of communication in which the communicants are great in number and far in habitants 1986, p: 12 . Mass media covers printed media such as newspaper, magazine, book, pamphlet, bulletin, etc and electronic ones such as radio, television, film etc. Those mass media have a very common need for readers, men and women with creative minds who can use words and pictures effectively to convey information and ideas. Furthermore, from those all it seems to find that newspaper and magazine are considered to be the most popular printed media that preset their complete contents. Despite this similarity, newspaper and magazine have also their own distictiveness compared to each other. Unlike newspaper which tends to bring very temporar and actual headlines with its brief reviews, magazine usually presents news with exposing its complete background clearly. Even in many cases, needed resolutions are available. Whereas newspaper only informs public, magazine functions also as the interpreter and anlaysts of the events brought Emery, 1970. In light of this capability to present very complete news, magazine surely needs much more time to report and review it than newspaper. That is why unlike newspaper which is usually published daily, the most frequent magazine is only weekly ibid . Another difference between magazine and newspaper is that magazine reports something or events in more detail. In other words, it can be said that magazine serves itself as a thoughtful interpreter and analyst of events from which the readers get much more information. Furthermore, magazine article appeals to the intelligence rather than to the emotions of the readers. Meanwhile the data to be analyzed are taken from Reader’s Digest, one of American magazines that has a wide periodical circulation in the world. This monthly magazine now is not only for American people. It has spread all over the world in 27 million circulations. It is published in 19 languages and 47 editions. This magazine presents various kinds of articles concerning the life aspects. It also consists of some advertisements, puzzle or quiz, and short stories. The analysis then is based on Sistemic Funtional Liguistics SFL . SFL bases the analysis on functional grammar. This grammar has two characteristics, they are systemic and functional. By systemic, Halliday means it is based on the theory of meaning as a choice, language as a system of meaning is interpreted as networks of interlocking options Halliday: 1985a, xiv . Meanwhile by functional, Halliday means it explores how language is used related to the context in which it is used. It is based on the conceptualization of laguage as a resource of meaning rather than as a system of rules. In brief, this approach investigates the function of language. SFL allows us to analyze ideology, genre and register of a text. Ideology and context of culture determine the kind of genre in a text register or it is called context of situation which conveys three variables: field, tenor and mode. Meanwhile genre can be identified by exploring the Generic Structure Potential GSP of the text. GSP itself is the text structure which can be used to diagnose the social function of the text. Meanwhile the genre is much influenced by the ideology of the writer. Ideology is a kind of point of view brought by the writer to achieve his aim through text realized. The writer, point of view towards on issue can be pro, contra or neutral. Problem Statement Considering the research background, the research is conducted to answer the following questions: 1. How is the register of each text realized?