Study of Loca l Budgets APBDs for 2008-11 in 20 Ka bupa tensCities in four Provinces in Indonesia
41
6.4 Analysis of Expenditure on the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program
Increases in local government expenditure per pupil on the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program had no effect on net school participation rates termed APM in Indonesia.
Indeed, there was a tendency
—albeit statistically insignificant—for regions allocating large amounts per pupil to the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program to have a low APM in their junior secondary schools SMPNs. Several
regions studied in Aceh and East Java —Bondowoso, Simeulue and Probolinggo were exceptions—that
allocated less than Rp 1 millionpupil to of the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program had relatively high SMPN AMPs 70 or more. At the same time, three kabupatens in West Kalimantan
— Bengkayang, Sekadau and Melawi
—that allocated large amounts to the program more than Rp 1.2 millionpupil, only had SMPN APMs of between 55 and 60.
Graph 6.6 Expenditure per Pupil on 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program Compared to Net Junior State Secondary School SMPN Participation Rates 2010
Source: in 2008-11 ABPD da ta ba se of D-G for Regiona l Fisca l Ba lance DJPK MoF, Ba sic Educa tion Statistics for 200809 Ministry of Na tiona l Educa tion a nd Na tiona l Socioeconomic Surveys Susena s BPS for 2008-11, processed by Sekna s FITRA a nd TAF.
Nor did high levels of support for the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program have the effect of lowering the ratio between pupils and classroom space.
According to data for 2010,
Kinerja
regions studied had an average ratio of 32classroom primary schools SDNs and 34classroom junior
secondary schools SMPNs. Of the regions with high pupilclassroom ratios —namely, Barru in both
its SDNs and SMPNs; Luwu Utara, Aceh Singkil and the city of Makassar in SDNs specifically ; and Tulungagung and the city of Singkawang in their SMPNs
—Barru contributed significantly topping Rp 1.3 millionpupilyear to the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program; while Aceh Singkil was one of
the smallest contributions just Rp 0.4 millionpupilyear.
Aceh Singkil Aceh Tenggara
Bener Meriah
Simeulue Kota Banda Aceh
Tulungagung
Jember Bondowoso
Probolinggo Kota Probolinggo
Bengkayang Sambas
Sekadau
Melawi
Kota Singkawang
Bulukumba Barru
Luwu Luwu Utara
Kota Makassar
R² = 0,1702 40
45 50
55 60
65 70
75 80
85
0,0 0,2
0,4 0,6
0,8 1,0
1,2 1,4
1,6 1,8
Ju n
io r
S e
co n
d a
ry S
ch o
o l
AP M
2 1
Spendingprimary and junior secondary pupil on 9 Years of Education, 2011 Rp MillionPupil
Study of Loca l Budgets APBDs for 2008-11 in 20 Ka bupa tensCities in four Provinces in Indonesia
42
Graph 6.7 Budget Allocations in 2011 the 9 Years of Obligatory Education Program per State Primary School SDN and State Junior Secondary SMPN pupil to Compared to PupilClassroom in SDNs and SMPNs in 2008-09
Source: in 2008-11 ABPD da ta ba se of D-G for Regiona l Fisca l Ba lance DJPK MoF a nd Ba sic Educa tion Statistics for 200809 Ministry of Na tiona l Educ a tion, processed by Sekna s FITRA a nd TAF.
6.5 Analysis of Original Budgets and Realized Budget Expenditure for Schools
