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Simple Past Tense Theoretical Description

13 e. Both accuracy and fluency can be taught in teaching learning process by the teacher in order to teach language. The students should not be concerned on their accuracy while they practice their fluency.

3. Simple Past Tense

Gerot and Wignell 1994 note that “Grammar is a theory of language, of how language is put together and how it wor ks” p. 2. It means that grammar is the basic theory to learn language. According to Gerot and Wignell 1994, in educational background, the teacher needs to understand grammar in order to help the students understand how texts work p.3. It means that teacher needs to know how texts work so teachers can help the students to understand and produce texts. Simple past tense is one of tenses in English grammar. According to Azar 1993, “the simple past tense indicates that an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the pa st” p. 24. It is clear that simple past tense is used to describe actions or situation happened in the past. The Pattern of Simple Past Tense according to Azar 1993:24: Simple Tenses Simple Past Tense Pattern 1 To be Pattern 2 Full Verb Positive Affirmative Declarative Sentence S + to be 2 + NAdjAdv S + V2 + O We were tired They were students He bought a book Negative Sentence S + to be 2 + not + NAdjAdv S + did not + V1 + O We were not tired They were not students He did not buy a book Interrogative Sentence To be 2 + S + NAdjAdv Did + S + V1 + O Were we tired? Were they students? Did he buy a book? 14 Swan 1995 notes that “the simple past tense is common in story-telling and when we are telling people about past events ”p. 417. It means that people use simple past tense to tell other people about the past experience or to explain about story telling. Simple past tense explains about the events happen in the past. Swan 1995 also reveals “in general, the simple past tense is the normal one for talking about the pa st” p. 417. It means that simple past tense always show the events happen in the past. People tend to use simple past tense to tell the story because simple past tense is tenses to explain the past events.

4. Narrative a. Definition of Narrative

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